scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Applications of Blood-Based Proteomics in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchika Bhawal ◽  
Ann L. Oberg ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Manish Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Serum Proteomics ◽  
Potential Cancer

Blood is a readily accessible biofluid containing a plethora of important proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites that can be used as clinical diagnostic tools in diseases, including cancer. Like the on-going efforts for cancer biomarker discovery using the liquid biopsy detection of circulating cell-free and cell-based tumor nucleic acids, the circulatory proteome has been underexplored for clinical cancer biomarker applications. A comprehensive proteome analysis of human serum/plasma with high-quality data and compelling interpretation can potentially provide opportunities for understanding disease mechanisms, although several challenges will have to be met. Serum/plasma proteome biomarkers are present in very low abundance, and there is high complexity involved due to the heterogeneity of cancers, for which there is a compelling need to develop sensitive and specific proteomic technologies and analytical platforms. To date, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based quantitative proteomics has been a dominant analytical workflow to discover new potential cancer biomarkers in serum/plasma. This review will summarize the opportunities of serum proteomics for clinical applications; the challenges in the discovery of novel biomarkers in serum/plasma; and current proteomic strategies in cancer research for the application of serum/plasma proteomics for clinical prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic applications, as well as for monitoring minimal residual disease after treatments. We will highlight some of the recent advances in MS-based proteomics technologies with appropriate sample collection, processing uniformity, study design, and data analysis, focusing on how these integrated workflows can identify novel potential cancer biomarkers for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Cancer biomarker discovery using DNA aptamers

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Jin ◽  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Ting Fu ◽  
Xiaobing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Dna Aptamers

Aptamers, as chemical antibodies, show great promise and power for cancer biomarker discovery and biomarker-based clinical applications.

scholarly journals Mass spectrometry-based analysis of glycoproteins and its clinical applications in cancer biomarker discovery

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Ningbo Zhang ◽  
Debin Wan ◽  
Meng Cui ◽  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Cancer Biomarker

scholarly journals Cancer Biomarker Discovery: Lectin-Based Strategies Targeting Glycoproteins

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Clark ◽  
Li Mao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Disease State ◽  
Lectin Affinity ◽  
Complex Sample

Biomarker discovery can identify molecular markers in various cancers that can be used for detection, screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of disease progression. Lectin-affinity is a technique that can be used for the enrichment of glycoproteins from a complex sample, facilitating the discovery of novel cancer biomarkers associated with a disease state.

scholarly journals Lectins: an effective tool for screening of potential cancer biomarkers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onn Haji Hashim ◽  
Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan ◽  
Cheng-Siang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Potential Cancer ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

In recent years, the use of lectins for screening of potential biomarkers has gained increased importance in cancer research, given the development in glycobiology that highlights altered structural changes of glycans in cancer associated processes. Lectins, having the properties of recognizing specific carbohydrate moieties of glycoconjugates, have become an effective tool for detection of new cancer biomarkers in complex bodily fluids and tissues. The specificity of lectins provides an added advantage of selecting peptides that are differently glycosylated and aberrantly expressed in cancer patients, many of which are not possibly detected using conventional methods because of their low abundance in bodily fluids. When coupled with mass spectrometry, research utilizing lectins, which are mainly from plants and fungi, has led to identification of numerous potential cancer biomarkers that may be used in the future. This article reviews lectin-based methods that are commonly adopted in cancer biomarker discovery research.

scholarly journals Lectins: an effective tool for screening of potential cancer biomarkers

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onn Haji Hashim ◽  
Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan ◽  
Cheng-Siang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Potential Cancer ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

In recent years, the use of lectins for screening of potential biomarkers has gained increased importance in cancer research, given the development in glycobiology that highlights altered structural changes of glycans in cancer associated processes. Lectins, having the properties of recognizing specific carbohydrate moieties of glycoconjugates, have become an effective tool for detection of new cancer biomarkers in complex bodily fluids and tissues. The specificity of lectins provides an added advantage of selecting peptides that are differently glycosylated and aberrantly expressed in cancer patients, many of which are not possibly detected using conventional methods because of their low abundance in bodily fluids. When coupled with mass spectrometry, research utilizing lectins, which are mainly from plants and fungi, has led to identification of numerous potential cancer biomarkers that may be used in the future. This article reviews lectin-based methods that are commonly adopted in cancer biomarker discovery research.

scholarly journals Structures and binding specificity of galactose- and mannose-binding lectins from champedak: differences from jackfruit lectins

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Gabrielsen ◽  
Puteri Shafinaz Abdul-Rahman ◽  
Shatrah Othman ◽  
Onn H. Hashim ◽  
Richard J. Cogdell
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Binding Specificity ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
Complete Sequences ◽  
Potential Cancer

Galactose-binding and mannose-binding lectins from the champedak fruit, which is native to South-east Asia, exhibit useful potential clinical applications. The specificity of the two lectins for their respective ligands allows the detection of potential cancer biomarkers and monitoring of the glycosylated state of proteins in human serum and/or urine. To fully understand and expand the use of these natural proteins, their complete sequences and crystal structures are presented here, together with details of sugar binding.

scholarly journals Lectins: an effective tool for screening of potential cancer biomarkers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onn Haji Hashim ◽  
Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan ◽  
Cheng-Siang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Potential Cancer ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

In recent years, the use of lectins for screening of potential biomarkers has gained increased importance in cancer research, given the development in glycobiology that highlights altered structural changes of glycans in cancer associated processes. Lectins, having the properties of recognizing specific carbohydrate moieties of glycoconjugates, have become an effective tool for detection of new cancer biomarkers in complex bodily fluids and tissues. The specificity of lectins provides an added advantage of selecting peptides that are differently glycosylated and aberrantly expressed in cancer patients, many of which are not possibly detected using conventional methods because of their low abundance in bodily fluids. When coupled with mass spectrometry, research utilizing lectins, which are mainly from plants and fungi, has led to identification of numerous potential cancer biomarkers that may be used in the future. This article reviews lectin-based methods that are commonly adopted in cancer biomarker discovery research.

scholarly journals MiR-21 in the Cancers of the Digestive System and Its Potential Role as a Diagnostic, Predictive, and Therapeutic Biomarker

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Ha Thi Nguyen ◽  
Salah Eddine Oussama Kacimi ◽  
Truc Ly Nguyen ◽  
Kamrul Hassan Suman ◽  
Roselyn Lemus-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs. They can regulate the expression of their target genes, and thus, their dysregulation significantly contributes to the development of cancer. Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs could be used as cancer biomarkers. As an oncogenic miRNA, the roles of miR-21 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and its therapeutic applications have been extensively studied. In this review, the roles of miR-21 are first demonstrated via its different molecular networks. Then, a comprehensive review on the potential targets and the current applications as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker and the therapeutic roles of miR-21 in six different cancers in the digestive system is provided. Lastly, a brief discussion on the challenges for the use of miR-21 as a therapeutic tool for these cancers is added.

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