scholarly journals Elovl2 Is Required for Robust Visual Function in Zebrafish

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2583
Author(s):  
Manish Dasyani ◽  
Fangyuan Gao ◽  
Qianlan Xu ◽  
Donald Van Fossan ◽  
Ellis Zhang ◽  
...  

Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play critical roles in membrane stability and cell signaling within the retina. ELOVL2 (Elongation of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids-Like 2), an elongase involved in the synthesis of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), has recently been implicated in regulating aging in the mammalian retina. In this work, we characterize the expression and function of elovl2 in the retina development in embryonic zebrafish. Whole mount in situ hybridization shows elovl2 is expressed in the Muller glia in embryonic and adult zebrafish. Lipidomics analysis of elovl2 crispants whole embryos at day 2 and eyes at day 7 demonstrated significant changes in lipids composition, especially on the level of lipids containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Histological analysis of zebrafish lacking elovl2 revealed increased retinal thickness compared to controls at day 7 without gross disruptions of the retinal architecture. Finally, elovl2 crispants showed differences in the visual motor reflex light off (VMR-OFF) at day 7 compared to controls. In sum, inactivation of elovl2 in zebrafish embryos caused changes in lipid composition and in visual behavior, further confirming the important role of LC-PUFAs in healthy vision.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Dasyani ◽  
Fangyuan Gao ◽  
Qianlan Xu ◽  
Donald Van Fossan ◽  
Ellis Zhang ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTOmega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play critical roles in membrane stability and cell signaling within the retina. Elovl2, an elongase involved in synthesis of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), has recently been implicated in regulating aging in the mammalian retina. In this work, we characterize the expression and function of elovl2 in retina development in embryonic zebrafish. Whole mount in situ hybridization shows elovl2 is expressed in the Müller glia in embryonic and adult zebrafish. Lipidomics analysis of elovl2 crispants whole embryos at day 2 and eyes at day 7 demonstrated significant changes in lipids composition, especially on the level of lipids containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Histological analysis of zebrafish lacking elovl2 revealed increased retinal thickness compared to controls at day 7 without gross disruptions of retinal architecture. Finally, elovl2 crispants showed differences in the visual motor reflex light off (VMR-OFF) at day 7 compared to controls. In sum, inactivation of elovl2 in zebrafish embryos caused changes in lipid composition and in visual behavior further confirming the important role of LC-PUFAs in healthy vision.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (04) ◽  
pp. 186-188

Newell M et al. N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid, and the role of supplementation during cancer treatment: A scoping review of current clinical evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13: 1206. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061206


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e5736
Author(s):  
Tanuzy de Almeida Souza ◽  
Leila Magda Rodrigues Almeida ◽  
Cinthia Soares Lisboa

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever os benefícios do consumo dos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados durante a gestação e fatores associados no desenvolvimento infantil. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, a partir da análise de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados MedLine, Scielo, Science Direct e Google acadêmico, com recorte temporal de dez anos (2010-2020). Os descritores utilizados foram: ácido graxopoli-insaturados de cadeia longa; ômega 3; ômega 6; gestante e lactente, no idioma português e inglês, com o auxílio do operador boleano “AND”. Os resultados da pesquisa, após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obtiveram um total de 12 artigos. Os estudos demonstraram que os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa (LCPUFA), tais como os das séries ômega 3 e ômega 6, em especial ácido docosahexaenóico e ácido eicosapentaenóico são fundamentais para o crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil, e tem função primordial na formação e no funcionamento do sistema nervoso central e da retina, e melhora do peso ao nascer. Além disso, os LCPUFA atuam nas gestantes reduzindo riscos de prematuridade, possui função antiinflamatória e antioxidante, reduz o estresse oxidativo, e controla os sintomas depressivos pré e pós-gestação. Conduto, são necessários mais estudos que abordem as quantidades adequadas para o período gestacional favorável à saúde materno-infantil.AbstractThis study aims to describe the benefits of consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy and the associated factors in child development. This is an integrative bibliographic review, based on the analysis of scientific articles indexed in the MedLine, Scielo, Science Direct and Google academic databases, with a ten-year period (2010-2020). The descriptors used were: Long chain fatty polyunsaturated acid; Omega 3; Omega 6; pregnant woman and infant in Portuguese and English, with the assistance of the Boolean operator “AND”. The results of the research, after the inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained a total of 12 articles. Studies have shown that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), such as those from the omega 3 and omega 6 series, especially docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, are essential for child growth and development, and have a primary role in the formation and in the functioning of the central nervous system and the retina and improves birth weight. In addition, in pregnant women it works by reducing the risk of prematurity. The LCPUFA have an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant function, reduce oxidative stress, and control depressive symptoms before and after pregnancy. However, further studies are needed to address the appropriate quantities for the gestational period favorable to the mother-child health.Keywords: Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Omega 3; Omega 6; Pregnant; Infant.ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio es describir los beneficios de consumir ácidos grasos poliinsaturados durante el embarazo y los factores asociados en el desarrollo infantil. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, basada en el análisis de artículos científicos indexados en las bases de datos académicas MedLine, Scielo, Science Direct y Google, con un período de diez años (2010-2020). Los descriptores utilizados fueron: ácido graso poliinsaturado de cadena larga; omega 3; omega 6; embarazada y lactante, en portugués e inglés, con la ayuda del operador booleano “AND”. Los resultados de la investigación, luego de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, obtuvieron un total de 12 artículos. Los estudios han demostrado que los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga (AGPICL), como los de las series omega 3 y omega 6, especialmente el ácido docosahexaenoico y el ácido eicosapentaenoico, son esenciales para el crecimiento y desarrollo infantil y tienen un papel principal en la formación y en el funcionamiento del sistema nervioso central y la retina, y mejora del peso al nacer. Además, los AGPICL actúan en mujeres embarazadas reduciendo el riesgo de prematurez, tienen una función antiinflamatoria y antioxidante, reducen el estrés oxidativo y controlan los síntomas depresivos antes y después del embarazo. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para abordar las cantidades apropiadas para el período gestacional favorable a la salud de la madre y su hijo.Palabras Clave: Ácido graso poliinsaturado; Omega 3; Omega 6; Embarazada; Infante.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette P. Shek ◽  
Mary Foong-Fong Chong ◽  
Jia Yi Lim ◽  
Shu-E Soh ◽  
Yap-Seng Chong

Maternal nutrition has critical effects on the developing structures and functions of the fetus. Malnutrition during pregnancy can result in low birth weight and small for gestational age babies, increase risk for infection, and impact the immune system. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to have immunomodulatory effects. Decreased consumption of omega-6 PUFAs, in favor of more anti-inflammatory omega-3 PUFAs in modern diets, has demonstrated the potential protective role of omega-3 PUFAs in allergic and respiratory diseases. In this paper, we examine the role of PUFAs consumption during pregnancy and early childhood and its influence on allergy and respiratory diseases. PUFAs act via several mechanisms to modulate immune function. Omega-3 PUFAs may alter the T helper (Th) cell balance by inhibiting cytokine production which in turn inhibits immunoglobulin E synthesis and Th type 2 cell differentiation. PUFAs may further modify cellular membrane, induce eicosanoid metabolism, and alter gene expression. These studies indicate the benefits of omega-3 PUFAs supplementation. Nevertheless, further investigations are warranted to assess the long-term effects of omega-3 PUFAs in preventing other immune-mediated diseases, as well as its effects on the later immunodefense and health status during early growth and development.


2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma M. Tillman ◽  
Peihong Guan ◽  
Timothy J. Howze ◽  
Richard A. Helms ◽  
Dennis D. Black

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Olga Feofilaktova ◽  
Dmitrij Grashchenkov ◽  
Dmitrij Karkh ◽  
Mikhail Lukinykh

Occurence dependence of a number of diseases on the breakdown of the population nutrition structure has been established for a long time. Epidemiological and clinical evidence supports the role of functional food ingredients in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The omega-3, -6, -7 and -9 fatty acids play a special role among them. Having a number of functional properties, they contribute to the prevention of a number of common diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. These mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids are among the most common vegetable oils. This article describes the technology of developing a functional fat base for emulsion food production based on a combination of several types of vegetable oils. The technology uses a specially designed computer program that allows to compose a combination of vegetable oils based on the optimal ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, as well as with taking into account the physiological standards of consumption of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids.


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