scholarly journals Optimization of a Handwriting Method by an Automated Ink Pen for Cost-Effective and Sustainable Sensors

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Florin C. Loghin ◽  
José F. Salmerón ◽  
Paolo Lugli ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Aniello Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Fast Prototyping ◽  
Do It Yourself

In this work, we present a do-it-yourself (DIY) approach for the environmental-friendly fabrication of printed electronic devices and sensors. The setup consists only of an automated handwriting robot and pens filled with silver conductive inks. Here, we thoroughly studied the fabrication technique and different optimized parameters. The best-achieved results were 300 mΩ/sq as sheet resistance with a printing resolution of 200 µm. The optimized parameters were used to manufacture fully functional electronics devices: a capacitive sensor and a RFID tag, essential for the remote reading of the measurements. This technique for printed electronics represents an alternative for fast-prototyping and ultra-low-cost fabrication because of both the cheap equipment required and the minimal waste of materials, which is especially interesting for the development of cost-effective sensors.

scholarly journals One-pot synthesis of a stable and cost-effective silver particle-free ink for inkjet-printed flexible electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (46) ◽  
pp. 16443-16451
Author(s):  
Wendong Yang ◽  
Florian Mathies ◽  
Eva L. Unger ◽  
Felix Hermerschmidt ◽  
Emil J. W. List-Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Silver Particle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Stability ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
One Pot ◽  
One Pot Synthesis ◽  
Do It Yourself

A do-it-yourself silver particle-free ink is presented, which shows good stability, low cost and excellent printability. The ink is formulated in selected alcohols. Highly conductive silver patterns were printed on both glass and flexible substrates.

A low-cost mixed fullerene acceptor blend for printed electronics

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (26) ◽  
pp. 10274-10281 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Cooling ◽  
E. F. Barnes ◽  
F. Almyahi ◽  
K. Feron ◽  
M. F. Al-Mudhaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
And Performance

The synthesis and performance of a cost-effective mixed fullerene at the 100+ g scale with a reaction yield of 85% is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Metallic Pins as Electrodes in Low-Cost (Bio)Electroanalytical Devices

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Andrea González-López ◽  
Olaya Amor-Gutiérrez ◽  
Estefanía Costa-Rama ◽  
M. Teresa Fernández-Abedul
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Analytical Platforms

The increasing demand for fast and on-site information has generated great interest in developing simple and portable analytical devices that provide reliable responses. Electroanalytical devices fit perfectly with these purposes because of their ease of use, low cost and facility of miniaturization. Moreover, the growing interest in the construction of do-it-yourself electronic devices has spread the use of common and mass-produced materials for the development of analytical devices. In this context, it is presented here the use of gold-plated pins, from standard connections, and stainless-steel pins, from needlework, as electrodes in (bio)electroanalytical platforms. Three different analytical platforms combining those pins with paper, transparency sheets or micropipette tips were constructed and applied in food and environmental analyses: glucose determination in beverages and surfactant analysis in water.

‘Internet of Things’ for environmental sciences and education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Becker
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Climate And Environmental Change ◽  
Wireless Data Transmission ◽  
Maker Culture ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
And Control

<p>The collective term ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) encompasses a variety of technologies and methods providing novel opportunities for data acquisition and control in environmental sciences. Availability of cost effective components as well as support of large open source communities allow scientists to gain more flexibility and control over their experimental setups. However quality of measurements, stability of instruments as well as real costs for development and maintenance are often underestimated challenges. The presentation introduces current best practices of IoT principles in scientific applications. Examples of low cost sensors, low power electronics, wireless data transmission protocols, time series databases as well as real-time visualization are presented and discussed. Furthermore light is shed on non-technological issues of the ‘do-it-yourself’ or ‘maker’ approach such as social and psychological aspects. The ‘make-share-learn’ paradigm of the maker culture can be utilized to raise awareness. It provides significant opportunities for environmental education and community building which constantly gain more importance in the context of climate and environmental change.</p>

scholarly journals Printing the Ultra-Long Ag Nanowires Inks onto the Flexible Textile Substrate for Stretchable Electronics

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Hai Ke ◽  
Qing-Wen Xue ◽  
Chuan-Yuan Pang ◽  
Pan-Wang Guo ◽  
Wei-Jing Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screen Printing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Stretchable Electronics ◽  
Intrinsic Structure ◽  
Flexible Devices ◽  
Ag Nanowires ◽  
Stretchable Circuits

Printing technology offers a simple and cost-effective opportunity to develop all-printed stretchable circuits and electronic devices, possibly providing ubiquitous, low-cost, and flexible devices. To successfully prepare high-aspect-ratio Ag nanowires (NWs), we used water and anhydrous ethanol as the solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the viscosity regulator to obtain a water-soluble Ag NWs conductive ink with good printability. Flexible and stretchable fabric electrodes were directly fabricated through screen printing. After curing at room temperature, the sheet resistance of the Ag NW fabric electrode was 1.5 Ω/sq. Under a tensile strain of 0–80% and with 20% strains applied for 200 cycles, good conductivity was maintained, which was attributed to the inherent flexibility of the Ag NWs and the intrinsic structure of the interlocked texture.

scholarly journals Affordable telecommunications

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Poblet
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Telecommunication Services ◽  
Hardware Production ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Telecommunications Services ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
New Generation

  The unparalleled success of mobile technologies, the emergence of new modes of software and hardware production, and the free circulation of shared knowledge in the Web 2.0 have enabled a new generation of bottom-up, community-based, cost-effective telecommunications initiatives and projects. While these endeavours find their roots in previous hobbyists’ movements (i.e. amateur radio, software hackers, do-it-yourself communities) today's’ initiatives are able to connect, co-produce and share knowledge with world-wide communities, engaging new participants both at the local and the global level. This article reviews recent developments that aim to provide free or low-cost access to telecommunication services in different areas. From Do-It-Yourself (DIY) satellites to mesh networks, these projects tap into the wisdom and resources of communities to offer non-commercial alternatives to present telecommunications services. The technology, organisational, and regulatory challenges they also face cannot be underestimated either. However, in their struggle to find and consolidate new markets, affordable telecommunications reveal that a new digital economy based on co-production could be under way.  

scholarly journals Rapid Fabrication of Epidermal Paper-Based Electronic Devices Using Razor Printing

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Sadri ◽  
Debkalpa Goswami ◽  
Ramses Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Fast Mapping ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Rapid Fabrication

This work describes the use of a benchtop razor printer to fabricate epidermal paper-based electronic devices (EPEDs). This fabrication technique is simple, low-cost, and compatible with scalable manufacturing processes. EPEDs are fabricated using paper substrates rendered omniphobic by their cost-effective silanization with fluoroalkyl trichlorosilanes, making them inexpensive, water-resistant, and mechanically compliant with human skin. The highly conductive inks or thin films attached to one of the sides of the omniphobic paper makes EPEDs compatible with wearable applications involving wireless power transfer. The omniphobic cellulose fibers of the EPED provide a moisture-independent mechanical reinforcement to the conductive layer. EPEDs accurately monitor physiological signals such as ECG (electrocardiogram), EMG (electromyogram), and EOG (electro-oculogram) even in high moisture environments. Additionally, EPEDs can be used for the fast mapping of temperature over the skin and to apply localized thermotherapy. Our results demonstrate the merits of EPEDs as a low-cost platform for personalized medicine applications.

scholarly journals CO2 Laser Fabrication of PMMA Microfluidic Double T-Junction Device with Modified Inlet-Angle for Cost-Effective PCR Application

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal A. Nasser ◽  
Ahmed M.R. Fath El-Bab ◽  
Ahmed L. Abdel-Mawgood ◽  
Hisham Mohamed ◽  
Abdelatty M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Laser Technique ◽  
Channel Geometry ◽  
Fabrication Cost

The formation of uniform droplets and the control of their size, shape and monodispersity are of utmost importance in droplet-based microfluidic systems. The size of the droplets is precisely tuned by the channel geometry, the surface interfacial tension, the shear force and fluid velocity. In addition, the fabrication technique and selection of materials are essential to reduce the fabrication cost and time. In this paper, for reducing the fabrication cost Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sheet is used with direct write laser technique by VERSA CO2 laser VLS3.5. This laser writing technique gives minimum channel width of about 160   μ m , which limit miniaturizing the droplet. To overcome this, modification on double T-junction (DTJ) channel geometry has been done by modifying the channel inlets angles. First, a two-dimensional (2D) simulation has been done to study the effect of the new channel geometry modification on droplet size, droplets distribution inside the channel, and its throughput. The fabricated modified DTJ gives the minimum droplet diameter of 39 ± 2   μ m , while DTJ channel produced droplet diameter of 48 ± 4   μ m at the same conditions. Moreover, the modified double T-junction (MDTJ) decreases the variation in droplets diameter at the same flow rates by 4.5 – 13 % than DTJ. This low variation in the droplet diameter is suitable for repeatability of the DNA detection results. The MDTJ also enhanced the droplet generation frequency by 8 – 25 % more than the DTJ channel. The uniformity of droplet distribution inside the channel was enhanced by 3 – 20 % compared to the DTJ channel geometry. This fabrication technique eliminates the need for a photomask and cleanroom environment in addition shortening the cost and time. It takes only 20   min for fabrication. The minimum generated droplet diameter is within 40   μ m with more than 1000 droplets per second (at 10   mL / h . oil flow rate). The device is a high-throughput and low-cost micro-droplet formation aimed to be as a front-end to a dynamic droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) platform for use in resource-limited environment.

Printed in-plane electrolyte-gated transistor based on zinc oxide

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Miranda Morais ◽  
Douglas Henrique Vieira ◽  
Maykel dos Santos Klem ◽  
Cristina Gaspar ◽  
Luis Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Field Effect Mobility ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Gate Electrodes

Abstract Printed electronics is a reputable research area that encourages the search for simple alternatives of manufacturing processes for low-cost, eco-friendly, and biodegradable electronic devices. Among these devices, electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) stand out due to their simple manufacturing process and architecture. Here we report the study of printed electrolyte-gated transistors with in-plane gate architecture (IPGT) based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The drain, source, and gate electrodes with two different W/L channel ratios were fabricated using a screen-printed carbon-based ink. We also produced a conventional top-gate transistor as a control device, using the same structure as the IPGT described above by adding an ITO strip positioned over the electrolyte as the top-gate electrode. The IPGT with W/L = 5 presented a high mobility of 7.1 cm2V-1s-1, while the W/L = 2.5 device exhibited a mobility of 3.7 cm2V-1s-1. We found that the measured field-effect mobility of the device can be affected by the high contact resistance from the carbon electrodes. This effect could be observed when the geometric parameters of the devices were changed. Furthermore, we also found that the IPGT with W/L = 5 exhibited better values for mobility and transconductance than the top-gate transistor, showing that the IPGTs setup is a good promise for cheap and printed transistors with performance comparable to standard top-gate transistors.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PLATELET COUNT IN THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN IGIMS, PATNA, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwi Singh ◽  
Anshuman Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The major risk associated with low platelet count in pregnancy is the increased risk of bleeding during the childbirth or post that. There is an increased blood supply to the uterus during pregnancy and the surgical procedure requires cutting of major blood vessels. Women with thrombocytopenia are at increased risk of losing excessive blood. The risk is more in case of caesarean delivery as compared to vaginal delivery. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of the Platelet Count in the Pregnant Women in IGIMS, Patna, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India. The present study was planned from duration of January 2019 to June 2019. In the present study 200 pregnant females samples received for the platelet estimation were enrolled in the present study. Clinically platelet indices can be a useful screening test for early identification of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Also platelet indices can assess the prognosis of this disease in pregnant women and can be used as an effective prognostic marker because it correlates with severity of the disease. Platelet count is a simple, low cost, and rapid routine screening test. Hence the data generated from the present study concludes that platelet count can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to monitor the progression of preeclampsia, thereby preventing complications to develop during the gestational period. Keywords: Platelet Count, Pregnant Women, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, etc.

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