scholarly journals Maternal Blood Group and Routine Direct Antiglobulin Testing in Neonates: Is There a Role for Selective Neonatal Testing?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Hwazen A. Shash ◽  
Suzan A. Alkhater
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Selective Approach ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Neonatal Blood ◽  
Group B

Recommendations for the screening of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) advise taking a selective approach in using the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) for mothers with blood group O or RhD-negative. This study assessed the relation of DAT results to maternal and neonatal blood groups and evaluated the risk of HDN. A retrospective analysis of all healthy newborns admitted during 2018 was performed. Of 1463 newborns, 4.4% had a positive DAT. There were 541 (37%) maternal–neonatal pairs with ABO incompatibility, most commonly born to mothers with blood group O. The cohort of neonates born to mothers with blood group O was divided into three groups: the O-A and O-B groups and the O-O group as a control. The DAT was positive in 59 (8.3%) neonates; most were in the O-B group (49.2%), whereas 13.6% were in the control group (p < 0.01). While the neonates in the O-B group were more likely to require phototherapy (p = 0.03), this finding was not related to DAT results. We found that selective testing of mothers with blood group O, mothers with blood group O or RhD-negative, neonates with blood group B, and neonates with blood group B born to mothers with blood group O or RhD-negative was ineffective in detecting phototherapy requirements. Our results indicate no difference regarding the need for phototherapy in neonates born to mothers with different blood types regardless of the DAT results.

scholarly journals Effect of Rhesus Negative in Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Jamila Khatun ◽  
Ruly Begum
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Group B ◽  
Rh Immunization

Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rhisoimmunisation is a major cause to perinatal morbidity & mortality. Erythroblastosis fetalis is a disease of fetus and newborn due to incompatibility between fetal and maternal blood group. Diagnosis and therapy for Rh immunization improved considerably. Its prevention by immunoprophylaxis has been responsible for the reduction in the incidence of perinatal mobility. Still Rh immunization and erythroolastosis fetalis is responsible for many obstetric mishaps in our country. To see the pregnancy outcome of Rhesus negative women. This prospective study was carried out from October 2013 to March 2014 in Obstetrics & Gynecology department of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College & Hospital, Sylhet. 50 Rh-negative pregnancies were selected those who got admitted in department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SOMCH. 30.62% of the fetuses had blood group B+ve, 24.40% 0+ve and 20.40% A+ve. Regarding the perinatal outcome 76% were healthy, 4% still birth, 4% neonatal death, 14% with erythroblastosis foetalis and 4% developed hydrops. Mild anaemia and oedema was common in primi and multigravida patients. PET was found 6.2% in multigravida patients. APH and Hydramnios with congenital anomalies were 3.1% and 3.1% respectively. This study was undertaken to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy in Rh -ve women. It is preventable. Primary prevention of isoimmunization by giving combined antenatal and postnatal prophylaxis.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(1): 23-25

Positive direct antiglobulin test: is it a risk factor for significant hyperbilirubinemia in neonates with ABO incompatibility?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Secil Ercin ◽  
Yesim Coskun ◽  
Kalender Kayas ◽  
Nazan Kavas ◽  
Tugba Gursoy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Bilirubin Level ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Direct Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Positive Direct

Objective: ABO incompatibility is a common cause of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) can identify infants developing hemolytic disease. This study aims to evaluate the significance of DAT positivity among neonates with ABO incompatibility. Study Design: This retrospective study included 820 neonates with blood group A or B who were born to blood group O mothers. The study group consisted of neonates (n = 79) who had positive DAT, and the control group consisted of infants (n = 741) who had negative DAT. Demographic and clinical data of the neonates regarding jaundice were collected and compared statistically. Results: The bilirubin level at 24 hours of life (study group 8 ± 2.6 mg/dl, control group 6 ± 2.2 mg/dl, p < 0.001) and the highest bilirubin level (study group 12.7 ± 3.6 mg/dl, control group 10.4 ± 4.2 mg/dl, p < 0.001) were higher in infants with positive DAT. In the study group 37 (46.8%) infants and in the control group 83 (11.2%) infants received PT in the nursery (p < 0.001). In neonates with positive DAT; direct bilirubin level, duration of hospitalization, and PT in the nursery were higher (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001), whereas hemoglobin level was lower (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In neonates with ABO incompatibility, a positive DAT is a risk factor for developing significant hyperbilirubinemia. Close follow-up of newborn infants with ABO incompatibility is crucial for early detection and treatment of neonatal jaundice to avoid early and late complications.

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN DUE TO ANTI-A AND ANTI-B

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Clare N. Shumway ◽  
Gerald Miller ◽  
Lawrence E. Young
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Ten infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility were studied. In every case the investigations were undertaken because of jaundice occurring in the first 24 hours of life. The clinical, hematologic and serologic observations in the infants and the serologic findings in the maternal sera are described. Evidence is presented to show that the diagnosis of the disorder rests largely upon the demonstration of spherocytosis, increased osmotic fragility of the red cells, reticulocytosis, and hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn infant whose red blood cells are incompatible with the maternal major blood group isoantibody and against whose cells no other maternal isoantibody is demonstrable. The anti-A or anti-B in each of the maternal sera tested in this series hemolyzed A or B cells in the presence of complement. Other serologic findings in the maternal sera were less consistently demonstrated.

scholarly journals AB0-incompatibility of mother and fetus: the role of anti-glycan alloantibodies in the hemolytic disease of newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
P. S. Obukhova ◽  
A. V. Kachanov ◽  
N. A. Pozdnyakova ◽  
M. M. Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Maternal Igg

The mother and fetus incompatibility due to Rh-factor, blood group or other blood factors can lead to hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN). HDN is a clinical disease condition of the fetus and newborn as a result of hemolysis, when maternal IgG alloantibodies cross the placenta and destroy the red blood cells of the fetus and newborn. The child disease begins in utero and can dramatically increase immediately after birth. As a result, hyperbilirubinemia and anemia develop, that can lead to abortions, serious complications, or death of the neonates in the absence of proper therapy. The range of HDN has changed significantly now compared to previous decades. Half a century ago, HDN was considered an almost complete synonym of RhD-alloimmunization, and this was a frequent problem for newborns. By now due to the high effective of Rh-conflict prevention, immunological AB0-conflicts have become the most common cause of HDN. The review aimes to one of the main causes of jaundice and anemia in neonates at present, i.e. HDN due to immunological AB0-conflict of mother and newborn (AB0-HDN). The main participants of the AВ0- incompatibility mother and child are considered, namely A- and B-glycans, as well as the corresponding anti-glycan alloantibodies. Close attention is paid to the structure features of glycan alloantigens on the red blood cells of the fetus and adult. The possible correlation of the frequency and severity of HDN with the blood group of mother and child, as well as with the titer of maternal alloantibodies, has been considered. The influence of immunoglobulin G subclasses on the AB0-HDN development has been evaluated. In most cases, AB0-HDN appear when the mother has the blood group 0, and the fetus has the group A (subgroup A1) or the group B. Other rare incidences of AB0-incompatibility with severe course are occurred. As a whole the etiology of AB0-HDN is complex and the HDN severity is influenced by many factors. The authors have analyzed statistical data, as well as the prevalence of AB0-incompatibility and AB0-HDN in various regions of the world. Current approaches to the diagnosis of AB0-HDN are discussed in addition. By now the problems of AB0- HDN occurrence and developing of ways to overcome this disease remain relevant.

scholarly journals Blood Groups of Recipients of COVID-19 Convalescent plasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S131-S131
Author(s):  
J M Petersen ◽  
D Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Unrelated Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction/Objective COVID -19 Convalescent plasma therapy (CCP) is under an FDA Emergency Use Authorization to treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, being ill enough to require hospitalization for COVID-19 is a negative outcome. There is also contradictory literature on whether ABO blood group is associated with worse outcomes with COVID-19 disease. Therefore, we share a regional Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) experience comparing the blood groups of patients intended to receive CCP to a control group of patients positive for SARS-CoV-2. Methods/Case Report A retrospective review of all patients who had CCP ordered in the year 2020 was performed to identify the blood group of these patients, which was compared to a control population of positive patients early in the pandemic (March 17th, 2020 to May 20th, 2020). Results (if a Case Study enter NA) A total of 15 patients had CCP ordered as part of their care with an age range of 56-85 (average 69.7) years of age, entirely male composition, and a racial breakdown of 13 African Americans (86.7%), 1 Caucasian American (6.7%), and 1 Asian American (6.7%). The blood group distribution amongst these 15 patients for CCP was 1 AB+ (6.7%), 5 A+ (33.3%), 4 B+ (26.7%), and 5 O+ (33.3%). The unrelated control population consisted of 81 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients whose blood groups were distributed as 3 group AB (3.7%), 21 group A (25.9%), 15 group B (18.5%), and 42 group O (51.8%). A Chi squared test did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups in ABO composition. Conclusion The ABO proportions of patients for whom CCP was ordered compared to the control group was not statistically significant. This provides support to the literature arguing that ABO may not be related to worse outcomes such as hospitalization or need for CCP transfusion.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH ABO AND RH BLOOD GROUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1848-51
Author(s):  
Asma Tasneem ◽  
Samina Naeem ◽  
Nasir Uddin ◽  
Maria Farid ◽  
Shehneela Jabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Rh Blood Group

Objective: To find out the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus with ABO and Rh blood groups. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jul to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total 179 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy individuals were inducted into the study. Five (5ml) blood from the patients was taken via clean aseptic venipuncture in a tube containing EDTA. HbA1C was generated through automated analyzer Cobas c501 and blood grouping was carried out using tube method by an experienced technician. Results: A total of 179 (77.8%) individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 and 50 (21.7%) healthy cases were inducted into the study as a control group. A statistically significant difference was observed with blood group B being the most prevalent among them (p=0.001). There was a greater frequency of Rh-negative blood group in patients having diabetes mellitus type 2 as compared to the control group. Conclusion: There is a strong association found between ABO and Rh blood group with diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group B negative was the most common among the patients having diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group O positive showed the least association.

scholarly journals Severe hemolytic disease of the premature newborn due to RH1 incompatibility: a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Uwingabiye ◽  
Hafid Zahid ◽  
Fayçal Labrini ◽  
Abdelhak El Khazraji ◽  
Anass Yahyaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Haemolytic Disease ◽  
Total Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
History Of

We report a case of dramatic outcome of severe haemolytic disease in a newborn due to RH1 incompatibility. A newborn with A RH1 blood group was admitted in the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital for the problem of hydrops fetalis associated with RH1 incompatibility. The blood group of his mother, aged 31, was AB RH1-negative and that of his 37 year old father was A RH1.The mother had a history of 4 term deliveries, 3 abortions, and 1 living child. There was no prevention by anti-D immunoglobulin postpartum. The mother‘s irregular agglutinin test was positive and the pregnancy was poorly monitored. The laboratory tests of the newborn showed a high total serum bilirubin level (30 mg/L) and macrocytic regenerative anemia (Hemoglobin=4 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume = 183 fL, reticulocytes count =176600/m3). The blood smear showed 1256 erythroblasts per 100 leukocytes, Howell–Jolly bodies and many macrocytes. The direct antiglobulin test was positive. He was transfused with red blood cell concentrates and treated with conventional phototherapy. The evolution was unfavourable; he died three days after the death of his mother. The monitoring of these high-risk pregnancies requires specialized centers and a close collaboration between the gynaecologist and the blood transfusion specialist to strengthen the prevention, as well as clinico-biological monitoring in patients with a history of RH1 fetomaternal alloimunization.

scholarly journals Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: managing the mother, fetus, and newborn

Hematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Delaney ◽  
Dana C. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Fetal Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Intrauterine Transfusion

AbstractHemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) affects 3/100 000 to 80/100 000 patients per year. It is due to maternal blood group antibodies that cause fetal red cell destruction and in some cases, marrow suppression. This process leads to fetal anemia, and in severe cases can progress to edema, ascites, heart failure, and death. Infants affected with HDFN can have hyperbilirubinemia in the acute phase and hyporegenerative anemia for weeks to months after birth. The diagnosis and management of pregnant women with HDFN is based on laboratory and radiographic monitoring. Fetuses with marked anemia may require intervention with intrauterine transfusion. HDFN due to RhD can be prevented by RhIg administration. Prevention for other causal blood group specificities is less studied.

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