scholarly journals One Year Follow up Efficacy of the Coping Power Universal and Its Relations with Teachers’ Occupational Stress

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Valentina Levantini ◽  
Emanuela Ala ◽  
Iacopo Bertacchi ◽  
Giulia Cristoni ◽  
Sara Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Standard Curriculum ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
One Year ◽  
Coping Power ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

The coping power universal (CPU) is an evidence-based universal prevention program delivered by teachers, and completely integrated into the school agenda. Previous studies have shown its positive effects, though little is known about its longer-term effects, and no previous study has explored whether teachers’ occupational stress could influence the CPU efficacy. The current study aimed to explore the 1 year follow up of the CPU on students’ externalizing and internalizing problems and prosocial behavior, and the influence of baseline levels of teachers’ stress in a sample of 316 3rd graders and their teachers (N = 32). Results showed that the CPU led to positive effects, not attainable with the standard curriculum. Additionally, improvements in prosocial behavior persisted even one year after the conclusion of the program. However, improvements in internalizing and externalizing problems were not maintained at the follow up, highlighting the need to understand the factors influencing the CPU efficacy. In this regard, our findings showed that high levels of teachers’ occupational stress predicted poorer improvements following the CPU, and an increase in students’ difficulties at the follow-up assessment. Addressing teachers’ stress as part of prevention programs for students could boost their efficacy and yield more lasting results.

The origins of mental toughness–internalizing and externalizing problems at the age of 5 years predict higher mental toughness scores at the age of 14 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S452-S453
Author(s):  
D. Sadeghi Bahmani ◽  
M. Hatzinger ◽  
M. Gerber ◽  
S. Lemola ◽  
P.J. Clough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

BackgroundThe concept of mental toughness has gained increasing importance among non-elite athletes for its psychological importance and explanatory power for a broad range of health-related behaviors. On the flip side, no study has focused so far on the psychological origins of mental toughness. Therefore, the aims of the present study were three-fold: to explore, to what extent psychological profiles of preschoolers at the age of five years predicted mental toughness scores and sleep disturbances at the age of 14 years, and to explore possible gender differences.MethodNine years after their first assessment at the age of five years (preschoolers), a total of 77 adolescents (mean age: 14.35 years; SD = 1.22; 42% females) took part in the present follow-up study. At baseline, both parents and teachers completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), covering internalizing and externalizing problems, hyperactivity, negative peer relationships, and prosocial behavior. At follow-up, participants completed a booklet of questionnaires covering socio-demographic data, mental toughness, and sleep disturbances.ResultsPreschoolers with high prosocial behavior and low internalizing and externalizing problems, as rated by parents and teachers, at the age of 14 years self-reported higher mental toughness and lower sleep disturbances. At the age of 14 years, and relative to their male counterparts, female participants reported lower MT scores and higher sleep disturbances.ConclusionsThe pattern of results suggests that mental toughness traits during adolescence have their origins during pre-school years.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Advances on Parental Educational Styles Predictors of Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jaime Humberto Moreno Méndez ◽  
José Pedro Espada Sánchez ◽  
Inmaculada Gómez Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

The purposes of this study were to perform a psychometric analysis of the Parental Educational Styles Questionnaire and to evaluate its predictive validity on externalizing and internalizing problems in Colombian children. Participants were 680 parents (M= 37.34; SD= 9.2) of children aged between 8 and 12 years enrolled in public schools in Bogota, Colombia. The parental educational styles questionnaire and the child behavior checklist -parents format- were applied to the participants. The resulting model presents the best indicators of favorable fit according to confirmatory factorial analyses. These values show an internal consistence of the instrument. The results indicate that dysfunctional reaction to disobedience, communication difficulties and conflicts predicted internalizing and externalizing problems.

Beyond Trauma Exposure: Discrimination and Posttraumatic Stress, Internalizing, and Externalizing Problems Among Detained Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052092631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucybel Mendez ◽  
Michaela M. Mozley ◽  
Patricia K. Kerig
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

According to the race-based traumatic stress model, racial discrimination is proposed to comprise a traumatic experience that results in posttraumatic stress symptoms, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems among youth. Accordingly, a significant body of research has emerged that supports the associations among these constructs. However, the majority of these empirical studies have not accounted for the potential role of traditionally defined traumatic events in these associations. This study investigated whether self-reported racial discrimination was related to posttraumatic stress symptoms, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms above and beyond the impact of other trauma exposures in a sample of 266 detained youth (79% boys, 60% identified as an ethnic minority). Results of hierarchical linear regressions demonstrated that, after accounting for youths’ other trauma exposures, racial discrimination accounted for significant variance in the models predicting delinquency and risk-taking but no other externalizing and internalizing problems, or posttraumatic stress symptoms. These findings indicate that racial discrimination may be particularly important for understanding offending behavior among detained youth.

scholarly journals The change of teeth color, whiteness variations and its psychosocial and self-perception effects when using low vs. high concentration bleaching gels: a one-year follow-up.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Estay ◽  
Pablo Angel ◽  
Cristian Bersezio ◽  
Mateus Tonetto R ◽  
Gilbert Jorquera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background: Dental bleaching in traditional concentrations generates greater sensitivity. In this respect, new systems of lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching appeared, with color stability unknown over time. The aim of this study was to compare the change and stability of color with low-concentration (6%) hydrogen peroxide gel in an in-office bleaching setting relative to conventional 37.5% gel, including their effects on psychosocial and esthetic self-perception, after one year.Methods: Patients (n=25) were assessed at 12 months post bleaching treatment (whitening with 6% chemo-activated alkaline formula gel versus 37.5% traditional concentration gel). Color changes were measured objectively using total variation in color (ΔE), and subjectively using Vita Classical and Vita Bleached scale (ΔSGU) by calibrated evaluators (Kappa=0.85). The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) aesthetic questionnaires were used to measure the self-perception and the psychosocial impact of the bleaching protocols.Results: The effect (ΔE) of 37.5% HP (8.37 ± 2.73) was significantly better than that of 6% HP (5.27 ± 2.53) in terms of color rebound after one year of follow-up. There were significant differences in psychosocial impact and esthetic self-perception measurements prior to bleaching versus one-year post-whitening time points; positive effects were maintained.Conclusions: Low concentration (6%) achieved effective bleaching with good stability after one year, accompanied by a positive psychosocial impact and enhanced self-perception at follow-up.Trial registration: NCT03217994 (before enrollment of the first participant). Data register: July 14, 2017

scholarly journals The change of color by whiteness indexes and its psychosocial and self-perception effects when using low vs. high concentration whitening gels: a one-year follow-up.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Estay ◽  
Pablo Angel ◽  
Cristian Bersezio ◽  
Manuel Peña ◽  
Eduardo Fernandéz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background: Dental bleaching in traditional concentrations generates greater sensitivity. In this respect, new systems of lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching appeared, with color stability unknown over time. The aim of this study was to compare the change and stability of color with low-concentration (6%) hydrogen peroxide gel in an in-office bleaching setting relative to conventional 37.5% gel, including their effects on psychosocial and esthetic self-perception, after one year. Methods: Patients (n=25) were assessed at 12 months post bleaching treatment (whitening with 6% chemo-activated alkaline formula gel versus 37.5% traditional concentration gel). Color changes were measured objectively using total variation in color (ΔE), and subjectively using Vita Classical and Vita Bleached scale (ΔSGU) by calibrated evaluators (Kappa=0.85). The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) aesthetic questionnaires were used to measure the self-perception and the psychosocial impact of the bleaching protocols. Results: The effect (ΔE) of 37.5% HP (8.37 ± 2.73) was significantly better than that of 6% HP (5.27 ± 2.53) in terms of color rebound after one year of follow-up. There were significant differences in psychosocial impact and esthetic self-perception measurements prior to bleaching versus one-year post-whitening time points; positive effects were maintained. Conclusions: Low concentration (6%) achieved effective bleaching with good stability after one year, accompanied by a positive psychosocial impact and enhanced self-perception at follow-up. Trial registration: NCT03217994 Keywords: Bleaching, Randomized clinical trial, Low concentration, OHIP-14 , PIDAQ

Allostasis and the development of internalizing and externalizing problems: Changing relations with physiological systems across adolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Hastings ◽  
Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff ◽  
Bonnie Klimes-Dougan ◽  
Amber L. Allison ◽  
Laura Derose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAllostasis, or the maintenance of stability through physiological change, refers to the process by which individuals adjust to the continually changing demands that are put upon somatic activity by salient events. Bauer and colleagues proposed that allostasis could be detected through patterns of the joint reactivity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis system under stressful conditions. We examined the associations between ANS and HPA reactivity and the development of externalizing and internalizing problems over 2 years in a sample of 215 adolescents. The interactions of ANS and HPA reactivity were contemporaneously associated with, and longitudinally predictive of, adolescents' emotional and behavioral problems. Adolescents with symmetrical high reactivity across systems had more internalizing and fewer externalizing problems initially. Over time, both symmetrical and asymmetrical reactivity predicted increasing internalizing problems in girls, depending on the measure of ANS activity that was examined, heart rate, or blood pressure reactivity. Implications for the understanding of allostasis and the dynamic nature of the relations between multiple physiological regulatory systems and adolescents' developing psychopathology are discussed.

Mother, Father, and Grandparent Involvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade Profe ◽  
Lauren G. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Father Involvement ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Hierarchical Logistic Regression ◽  
Grandparent Involvement ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

The objective of this study was to examine whether mother, father, and closest grandparent involvement are associated with South African adolescents’ mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems and prosocial behavior) and substance use. A sample of 512 Grade 8 and Grade 9 learners in Cape Town ( M age = 14 years) completed a structured survey. Of the participants, 57% were female, and 85% identified themselves as “colored” (mixed race). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, indicated that mother and father involvement were negatively associated with adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems, whereas mother and closest grandparent involvement were positively associated with prosocial behavior. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses revealed that parent involvement was negatively associated with past-month cigarette use, but not with past-month alcohol or past-year marijuana use. The findings suggest the importance of considering parents and grandparents in interventions to promote adolescent mental health.

scholarly journals Bullying Victimization and Problem Video Gaming: The Mediating Role of Externalizing and Internalizing Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Jérémie Richard ◽  
Loredana Marchica ◽  
William Ivoska ◽  
Jeffrey Derevensky
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Problem Video Gaming ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Background: Adolescent victims of bullying are more likely to experience a range of mental health problems. Although research has investigated the relationship between bullying victimization and various addictive behaviors, the impact of bullying on problem video gaming (PVG) remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between bullying victimization and PVG as mediated by the presence of internalizing and externalizing problems. Methods: Survey responses were collected from 6353 high-school students aged 12 to 18. Measures include bullying victimization (physical, verbal, cyber and indirect), internalizing (e.g., anxious and depressive symptoms) and externalizing (e.g., aggressive and delinquent problems) problems, and PVG (measured by the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short Form). Results: Mediation analyses indicated that the relationship between verbal bullying and PVG was completely mediated by the presence of internalizing and externalizing problems. The relationship between physical bullying and PVG was completely mediated by externalizing problems and the relationship between cyberbullying and PVG was completely mediated by internalizing problems. Lastly, the relationship between indirect bullying and PVG was partially mediated by externalizing and internalizing problems. Conclusions: Results suggest that different types of bullying victimization are differentially associated with PVG, with mental health symptoms significantly mediating this relationship.

scholarly journals Associations of Resting Heart Rate and Intelligence With General and Specific Psychopathology: A Prospective Population Study of 899,398 Swedish Men

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262096108
Author(s):  
Erik Pettersson ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
Henrik Larsson ◽  
Brian M. D’Onofrio ◽  
Benjamin B. Lahey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Criminal Convictions ◽  
Correlated Factors ◽  
Sensitivity To Punishment ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

We examined longitudinal associations of resting heart rate (RHR) and general intelligence (IQ) with two psychopathology models (correlated factors and general factor model). RHR and IQ were measured during conscription (mean age = 18.23 years; N = 899,398 Swedish males). A correlated factors model of register-based outcomes (including 10 psychiatric diagnoses, criminal convictions, and prescription of anxiolytic medications; mean age at follow-up = 43.09 years) identified internalizing, externalizing, and psychotic dimensions; the general factor model additionally identified a general dimension. All correlated factors were inversely associated with IQ; however, the general factor model showed that several of these associations were attributable to general variance rather than specific variance. In both psychopathology models, RHR weakly but significantly predicted higher internalizing but lower externalizing problems. Intelligence might be a transdiagnostic risk factor for any form of psychopathology, and the internalizing and externalizing spectra might be differentiated by psychobiological processes related to sensitivity to punishment.

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