scholarly journals Rhinovirus Infection and Familial Atopy Predict Persistent Asthma and Sensitisation 7 Years after a First Episode of Acute Bronchiolitis in Infancy

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Julie Magnier ◽  
Valérie Julian ◽  
Aurélien Mulliez ◽  
Alexandra Usclade ◽  
Emmanuelle Rochette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Function Tests ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Asthma Outcome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Background: We set out to assess the risk factors for asthma outcome in a cohort of infants who experienced their first episode of acute bronchiolitis. Methods: A cohort of 222 infants who were included during a first episode of acute bronchiolitis was prospectively followed. Herein, we present the results of their assessments (symptom history, skin prick tests, specific IgE assay, respiratory function tests) at age seven. Results: Of the 68/222 (30.6%) children assessed at age seven, 15 (22.05%) presented with asthma and were mainly males (p = 0.033), 14 (20%) had respiratory allergies, 17 (25%) presented atopic dermatitis and none had a food allergy. Family history of atopy was associated with asthma and sensitisation to aeroallergens at age seven (p = 0.003, p = 0.007). Rhinovirus (hRV) infection and rhinovirus/respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) co-infection were significantly associated with asthma at age seven (p = 0.035, p = 0.04), but not with the initial severity of bronchiolitis. Eosinophil counts at ages three and seven were significantly higher in the asthmatics (p = 0.01, p = 0.046). Conclusion: Any infant, especially male, presenting a first episode of acute bronchiolitis due to hRV with a family history of atopy should be closely monitored via follow-up due to a higher risk for asthma at school age.

ASTHMA AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN E (IgE) ANTIBODIES AFTER RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) BRONCHIOLITIS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY WITH MATCHED CONTROLS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-329
Author(s):  
James E. Gern
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus

RSV bronchiolitis was the most important risk factor for the development of asthma and allergen-specific IgE, although a family history of atopy or asthma further increased the risk.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ranitidine on Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ranjbar ◽  
Alireza Ghanepour ◽  
Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani ◽  
Mahbob Asadlo ◽  
Amineh Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Obesity ◽  
Baseline Bmi ◽  
First Time

Induced weight gain is a disturbing side effect of Olanzapine that affects the quality of life in psychotic patients. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Ranitidine in attenuating or preventing Olanzapine-induced weight gain. A parallel 2-arm clinical trial was done on 52 patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders who received Olanzapine for the first time. All these were first-episode admitted patients. They were randomly allocated to receive either Ranitidine or placebo. The trend of body mass index (BMI) was compared between groups over 16-week course of treatment. Mean weight was 62.3 (SD: 9.6) kg at baseline. Thirty-three subjects (63.5%) had positive family history of obesity. The average BMI increment was 1.1 for Ranitidine group and 2.4 for the placebo group. The multivariate analysis showed this effect to be independent of sex, family history of obesity, and baseline BMI value. The longitudinal modeling after controlling for baseline values failed to show the whole trend slope to be different. Although the slight change in trend’s slope puts forward a hypothesis that combined use of Ranitidine and Olanzapine may attenuate the weight gain long run, this needs to be retested in future larger scale long-term studies. This trial is registered with IRCT.ir201009112181N5.

scholarly journals Manifestations and Risk Factors in Children Hospitalized with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kuczborska ◽  
Agnieszka Rustecka ◽  
Agata Wawrzyniak ◽  
Agata Będzichowska ◽  
Bolesław Kalicki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Common Manifestation

Background: Acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains its leading etiological factor. Although RSV infections occur in all age groups, the most severe course is observed among children. The clinical manifestations include both mild upper respiratory infections and severe infections of the lower tract, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia that can lead to hospitalization and severe complications, including respiratory failure. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the manifestations of RSV infection in hospitalized children younger than 18 months of age and predictors of disease severity, as well as their comparison with the same age group hospitalized due to ALRI of different etiology. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on medical records of 448 children hospitalized due to ALRI. The analysis was performed on the total study group and subgroups of children with positive and negative results of the nasal swab for RSV detection. In each group, clinical data, laboratory test results, and imaging results were analyzed. Results: The most common manifestation was pneumonia (n = 82; 63.08%). Otitis media was observed mainly in children under six months of age with lowered inflammatory markers (P < 0.05), conjunctivitis in those with a positive family history of allergies (P < 0.05), and pneumonia in children under six months of age, with lower blood oxygen saturation and inflammatory markers, features of acidosis, and fever-free course (P < 0.05). Respiratory failure affected 13 children (10%). However, no predictors of this complication were noted. Conclusions: As pneumonia was the most common manifestation in children with both RSV-positive and RSV-negative ALRI, it seems advisable to perform the imaging of the lungs on admission and carefully monitor the child’s condition during hospitalization. In both groups, special attention should be paid to the youngest children with low inflammatory markers on hospital admission, increased clinical symptoms, and family history of allergies. Nevertheless, widely known risk factors of RSV infection itself do not reflect the risk of developing pneumonia or respiratory failure in its course.

scholarly journals Efficacy of prednisolone for children with acute bronchiolitis having family history of atopy: A randomized placebo-controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Md Abid Hossain Mollah ◽  
Khondokar Jahirul Hasan ◽  
M Ekhlasur Rahman ◽  
Shegufta Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Objective : To determine the efficacy of oral prednisolone among children with acute bronchiolitis who have associated family history of atopy.Materials and Methods : This randomized double blind placebo controlled trial was carried out in Dhaka Medical College Hospital during July’08 to June’10. A total of sixty patients (1-24 months) of acute bronchiolitis who had family history of atopy (e.g. allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, asthma, eczema) were enrolled. After enrollment, allocation of either prednisolone or placebo to the study subjects were done randomly by lottery method and the researcher remained blind about the allocation. Finally 30 cases received prednisoloneorally at a dose of 2mg/kg/day 8 hourly for 3 consecutive days and 30 cases received placebo (made of flour). In addition, both the groups got same supportive measures. During intervention, study subjects were monitored by Modified Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (MRDAI) score twice daily for consecutive 3 days. Duration of oxygen therapy as well as length of hospital stay was also determined. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests and a p value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results : The respiratory rate, accessory muscle use and auscultatory finding scores were significantly declined in Prednisolone group than the placebo group (p<.05). However, cyanosis score though declined in both groups, the difference was not significant (p>.05). Mean duration of oxygen therapy needed in Prednisolone group was significantly lesser than the placebo group (13.7 vs 24.1 hours; P<.01). Similarly, the length of hospital stay was shorter in prednisolone group than in placebo group (3.3 vs 4.6days; p<.01).Conclusions : Three days of oral prednisolone therapy along with supportive measures was found to be significantly useful among children with acute bronchiolitis having family history of atopy in terms of clinical recovery, oxygen requirement and duration of hospital stayNorthern International Medical College Journal Vol.6(1) 2014: 9-11

scholarly journals Clinical correlates of first episode schizophrenia-a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Kathir M. ◽  
Pugazhendhi K. ◽  
Ravishankar J.
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Major Mental Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder which has to be assessed early and managed actively even though long term functional outcome remains relatively poor. The aim of the study is to analyze negative symptoms, suicidal risk and substance use in first episode schizophrenics in comparison with multi-episode schizophrenics.Methods: 30 patients with drug naive first episode schizophrenia and 30 patients with multi episode schizophrenia, who attended the outpatient department of Psychiatry, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India were studied to compare predisposing factors and spectrum of symptoms for Schizophrenia for a period of one year (January 2010-December 2010). Psychiatric questionnaire by Michael C. Hilton, DAST by Harvey A. Skinner, AUDIT by WHO, Suicide risk scale by National Health and Medical Research Council, PANSS by SR Kay were used to assess patients.Results: Unemployment and family history of suicide attempts were observed more in drug naive first episode schizophrenics. 90% of these patients had completed their primary education while 47% of multi-episode schizophrenics were illiterates. Positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinatory behaviour and suspiciousness) and negative symptoms (blunted affect, emotional withdrawal and social withdrawal) were observed more in first episode schizophrenics while PANSS, DAST, AUDIT scores did not find any differences between both the groups.Conclusions: In our study, the first episode schizophrenia patients were more educated, more unemployed and had more family history of suicide, elevated sub score of positive symptoms as measured by PANSS. Relative assessment of violence and serious behavior problems that are related to positive symptoms must be done and managed with anti psychotics.

scholarly journals Clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of children with febrile seizures

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Poornima Shankar ◽  
Shajna Mahamud
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Febrile seizure is the most common type of seizure disorder that occurs in children aged 6-60 months. Recurrences are common. This study was conducted to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical profile and laboratory parameters of children presenting with febrile seizure in a teaching hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study among children presenting with febrile seizure admitted to KIMS, Bengaluru from March (2018-2019). Children between six months to five years were included in the study while patients with prior episodes of afebrile seizures, abnormal neurodevelopment and not meeting the age criteria were excluded. Patient’s demographic and clinical data were collected from the in-patient records and analysed.Results: Among 60 children with febrile seizures were enrolled in our study with highest prevalence in males (58%) and amongst 13-24 months age group (37%). Majority (20%) presented in the monsoon season (June) and in the morning hours (43%). Simple febrile seizures and complex febrile seizures were observed in 60% and 40% respectively. Majority (73%) who developed first episode of seizure were below 24 months ago with mean age of 18.71±11.50 months. 42% had recurrence and was significantly associated with first episode of febrile seizures at age ≤1 year and family history of seizures. Upper respiratory tract infections were the commonest cause of fever. Anaemia and leucocytosis were seen in 72% and 70% cases respectively.Conclusions: Febrile seizure was observed predominantly in children below two years, simple febrile seizure being the commonest. Recurrence was common and significantly associated with the first episode of febrile seizure at the age one year or below and family history. Majority had anaemia which showed that iron deficiency anaemia could be a risk factor. Leucocytosis was present in most which could be either due to underlying infection or due to the stress of seizure itself.

scholarly journals ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF VERIFICATION OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF BRONCHOOBSTRUCTIVE SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
O. K. Koloskova ◽  
L. A. Ivanova ◽  
T. M. Bilous ◽  
L. V. Mykaliuk
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asthma In Children

Bronchial asthma in children has different causes of development, and examination of markers to verify the disease in case of the first signs of bronchial obstruction is an important issue to find transitory or persisting asthma phenotypes. There were examined 156 children with signs of bronchial obstruction syndrome.They were divided into three clinical groups: the first (І) group included 36 children with acute obstructive bronchitis (average age 6,1 ± 0,6 years, 36 % of girls), the second (ІІ) group – 74 children with relapsing obstructive bronchitis (average age 5,60 ± 0,34 years, 38 % of girls), the third (ІІІ) group included 46 children suffering from bronchial asthma for two years (average age 11,6 ± 0,5 years, 33 % of girls).The family history of one of the parents and of both parents, aggravated by allergic diseases, was most often found in patients with bronchial asthma: in 34,8 % of children on maternal side (Р ˂ 0,05 with І, ІІ : ІІІ), in 17,4 % of cases on paternal side (Р ˃ 0,05) and in 4,3 % – on both sides (Р ˃ 0,05). Patients suffering from bronchial asthma in 78,3 % of cases demonstrated domestic, food or medical allergy, that was reliably higher than that of an appropriate number of children in І (33,3 %) and ІІ groups (37,2 %), Р ˂ 0,05. In case of complicated family anamnesis with allergic diseases and the level of nitrogen monoxide metabolites more than 40 µmol/l the diagnostic value of this test in detection of bronchial asthma is the following: sensitivity 87,5 %, specificity 89,5 %, predicted value of a negative result 97,1 % with realization odds ratio 59,5, relative risk 22,3. Relative blood eosinophilia (Р ˂ 0,05 with ІІІ : І, ІІ) and sputum eosinophilia (Р ˂ 0,05 with ІІІ : І, ІІ) in children suffering from bronchial asthma as compared to the patients with obstructive bronchitis were found. In patients with verified asthma compared with children with acute and recurrent obstructive bronchitis, a significantly higher number of eosinophils, alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells in sputum is observed, which is accompanied by a lower content of neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes.Thus, in children with bronchial obstruction, even at its first episode, to identify the risk of bronchial asthma, a family history should be carefully collected on the burden of allergic diseases, the history of the child on allergic manifestations, in the dynamics to determine the number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and induced sputum, the level serum immunoglobulin E and the content of metabolites of nitric oxide in the condensate of exhaled air.

Association of NF-κB with Recurrence of Myocardial Infarction- A Study in North Indian Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Tasnim
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Family History ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Episode ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plaque Destabilization ◽  
First Time

Background: Nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) is a decisive transcription factor associated with vascular inflammation which is responsible for plaque destabilization and rupture. Objective: The present study aims to evaluate its levels in patients with recurrent Myocardial Infarction (MI) as compared to controls. Methods: To understand the mechanism of familial susceptibility we decided to study the levels of NF-κB. We enrolled 200 patients after detailed diagnosis, sub-grouping and consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study subjects were segregated into patients without family history and patients having family history of MI. Patients without family history were further sub-grouped into patients who had MI for the first time (n=63) and patients who had recurrentMI (n=37). Also, patients with family history of MI were further sub-grouped into patients who had MI for the first time (n=54) and patients who had recurrent MI (n=46). Serum NF-κB was estimated by ELISA. Results: Study subjects having recurrent episodes of MI had significantly higher level of NF-κB as compared to those who had first episode of MI (p=0.0018). Serum levels of NF-κB were significantly raised in patients with family history having first episode of MI when compared with those patients without family history (p=0.0007). Conclusions: The study suggests that NF-κB activation is pivotal in triggering coronaryinstability and causing recurrence in patients with previous history of unstable angina. Furthermore, family history can increase the susceptibility to increased CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) risk due to raised NF-κB levels in these patients as compared to those without family history.

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