scholarly journals Using AnnAGNPS to Simulate Runoff, Nutrient, and Sediment Loads in an Agricultural Catchment with an On-Farm Water Storage System

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Juan D. Pérez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Joel O. Paz ◽  
Mary Love M. Tagert ◽  
Lindsey M. W. Yasarer ◽  
Ronald L. Bingner
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Sediment Loads ◽  
The Individual ◽  
On Farm

On-farm water storage (OFWS) systems are best management practices that consist of a tailwater recovery (TWR) ditch used with a storage pond to provide irrigation water and improve downstream water quality. These systems have been increasingly implemented in the southeastern US, but the individual and cumulative effects of these systems on a watershed scale are unknown. In this study, the runoff, nutrient, and sediment loads entering a TWR ditch in an agricultural catchment were quantified, and contributing sources were identified using the annualized agricultural non-point source (AnnAGNPS) model. Fields with larger areas and soils with a high runoff potential produced more runoff. The volume of runoff exceeded the TWR ditch storage volume approximately 110 times, mostly during the winter and spring seasons. During years when corn and winter wheat were planted, NO3–N loads increased because these crops need nitrogen fertilization to grow. Planting winter wheat in priority subwatersheds reduced the total phosphorous (TP) and sediment loads by about 19% and 13%, respectively, at the TWR ditch inlet. Planting winter wheat can reduce runoff, TP, and sediment loads but also result in higher NO3–N loads. AnnAGNPS simulations quantified the benefits of an OFWS system to advance the understanding of their impact on water availability and quality at a watershed scale.

Selecting a Pesticide Fate Model at the Watershed Scale Using a Multi-criteria Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Quilbé ◽  
Alain N. Rousseau ◽  
Pierre Lafrance ◽  
Jacinthe Leclerc ◽  
Mohamed Amrani
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Selection Framework ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Numerous models have been developed over the last decades to simulate the fate of pesticides at the watershed scale. Based on a literature review, we inventoried thirty-six models categorized as management, research, screening or multimedia models, each of them having specific strengths and weaknesses. Given this large number of models, it may be difficult for potential users (stakeholders or scientists) to find the most suited one with respect to their needs. To help in this process, this paper proposes a pragmatic approach based on a multi-criteria analysis. Selection criteria are defined following the user's needs and classified in five classes: modelling characteristics, output variables, model applicability, possibilities to simulate best management practices (BMPs) and ease of use. The relative importance of each criterion is quantified by a weight and the total score of a model is calculated by adding the resulting weights of satisfied criteria. This selection framework is illustrated with a case study that consists in selecting a model to develop water quality standards at the watershed scale with respect to the implementation of BMPs. This resulted in the selection of three models: BASINS, SWAT and GIBSI.

scholarly journals Smart In-Line Storage Facilities in Urban Drainage Network

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Kändler ◽  
Ivar Annus ◽  
Anatoli Vassiljev ◽  
Raido Puust ◽  
Katrin Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Development Area

Urban stormwater drainage systems (UDS) are severely affected by the changing climate bringing along inter alia more intense rainfall events. The conduits, usually having limited capacity, are unable to cope with these excessive flowrates. Therefore, measures must be undertaken to temporarily accumulate extra flowrates in order to avoid the flooding. There are several options available to tackle this challenge, e.g., low impact development (LID) solutions, best management practices (BMP), stormwater real-time control measures (RTC). In this study the efficiency of in-line and off-line detention tanks are analyzed. Moreover, new concept of smart in-line storage system is created and evaluated. This solution shows significant reduction in peak flow, economic benefit and is particularly suitable for the districts with limited construction space. The concept has been successfully tested in 10 ha dense urban development area in Estonian capital Tallinn.

Stretching water – Queensland's water use efficiency cotton and grains adoption program

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Goyne ◽  
G.T. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
On Farm

The Cotton and Grains Adoption Program of the Queensland Rural Water Use Efficiency Initiative is targeting five major irrigation regions in the state with the objective to develop better irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) through the adoption of best management practices in irrigation. The major beneficiaries of the program will be industries, irrigators and local communities. The benefits will flow via two avenues: increased production and profit resulting from improved WUE and improved environmental health as a consequence of greatly reduced runoff of irrigation tailwater into rivers and streams. This in turn will reduce the risk of nutrient and pesticide contamination of waterways. As a side effect, the work is likely to contribute to an improved public image of the cotton and grain industries. In each of the five regions, WUE officers have established grower groups to assist in providing local input into the specific objectives of extension and demonstration activities. The groups also assist in developing growersÕ perceptions of ownership of the work. Activities are based around four on-farm demonstration sites in each region where irrigation management techniques and hardware are showcased. A key theme of the program is monitoring water use. This is applied both to on-farm storage and distribution as well as to application methods and in-field management. This paper describes the project, its activities and successes.

Modeling watershed-scale effectiveness of agricultural best management practices to reduce phosphorus loading

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 1385-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalini S. Rao ◽  
Zachary M. Easton ◽  
Elliot M. Schneiderman ◽  
Mark S. Zion ◽  
David R. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Agricultural Best Management Practices

Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus loads present in environments impacted by alternative poultry processing operations utilized in pasture-raised poultry production

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corliss A. O'Bryan ◽  
Philip Crandall ◽  
Divya Jaroni ◽  
Steven C. Ricke ◽  
Kristen E. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
On Farm

AbstractPasture-raised poultry (PP) production systems allow chickens, turkeys or other poultry types to be raised entirely on pasture or in small, open-air moveable pens with access to fresh pasture daily. With an increase in consumer demand for poultry products produced using more humane and potentially environmentally sustainable practices, PP production systems are regaining popularity among farmers across the USA. The majority of research on PP is related to meat quality and forage conditions while the environmental effects have remained largely unstudied. The rotation of poultry on pasture is one of the primary best management practices (BMP) used to avoid over grazing and buildup of excess nutrients and pathogens; however, BMPs for handling and processing of the associated wastes (i.e., wastewater, feathers, offal) related to on-farm processing and mobile poultry processing units (MPPU) are not as well established. Therefore, a study with PP growers in the southern USA was initiated to provide important baseline information on the potential environmental impacts of processing methods used by PP production systems. Here, three farms utilizing on-farm processing were sampled over a 9-month period and two farms utilizing a MPPU pilot plant were sampled over a 3-month period. Soil, compost and wastewater samples were collected during each sampling date for on-farm processing while only wastewater was collected at the MPPU pilot plant. Soil samples (24-cm cores) were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), Mehlich-3 extractable phosphorus (M3-P) and moisture content. Compost derived from processing wastes was analyzed for TN, total phosphorus (TP), water extractable P and moisture content. Wastewaters were analyzed for total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and TP. Soil TN levels (0.075–0.30%) reported here are comparable with TN levels reported for various soils in the Southeastern USA while M3-P was generally below levels found in agricultural soils subject to conventional poultry litter application based on previously published data. Conversely, TN and TP levels—0.3 to 1.3 and <0.4%, respectively—in compost were well below recommended values (i.e., approximately 2% each of N and P) for compost highlighting an opportunity for PP growers to create a more useful compost for land application. Last, wastewater collected from both, on-farm processing and the MPPU measure TKN and TP levels were much less than conventional processing. Overall, the present study provided baseline data on soil and compost nutrients related to on-farm poultry processing as well as wastewater composition for on-farm processing and MPPUs.

Alternative nitrogen management options for winter wheat on the eastern prairies of western Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
R B Irvine ◽  
G P Lafond ◽  
W E May ◽  
H R Kutcher ◽  
C B Holzapfel
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Seed Yields

Since fertilizer-grade ammonium nitrate is no longer available for general use in Canada, there is much discussion about the best management practices to minimize nitrogen (N) loss when fertilizing winter wheat. In two separate trials we compared several fall and spring N management options with the standard practice of spring-applied ammonium nitrate. In Study 1, the use of a coulter in fall or spring reduced seed yields, even when ammonium nitrate (AN) was broadcast in the spring, indicating crop damage. Spring broadcast applications of urea and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) produced yields equivalent to spring broadcast AN. Urea applied at the time of planting produced seed yields relative to spring application of AN. The late fall UAN treatment had lower yields than when this product was applied in the spring. Protein levels varied among site-years, but were generally lower than the marketing target of 115 g kg-1, which indicates less than optimal N levels or N uptake. In both studies, late fall surface banded UAN was inferior to other products and timings. In Study 2, seed yield and protein content were similar for all forms of urea placed at seeding, and these were similar to spring broadcast AN. We also found that under the relatively low fall and spring moisture conditions encountered in Study 2 protected N sources did not increase N use efficiency.Key words: Winter wheat, nitrogen, protein, yield

Best Management Practices Optimization at Watershed Scale: Incorporating Spatial Topology among Fields

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wu ◽  
A-Xing Zhu ◽  
Junzhi Liu ◽  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Jingchao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Spatial Topology
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