Non-Vital Tooth Bleaching Techniques: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aimed to describe and characterize internal tooth bleaching techniques, conventional (walking-bleach) and combined (inside–outside), referring to their efficacy. The research was conducted on the main databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Only randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were considered, on humans of 18 years old or older. A Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) question was designed to evaluate the scientific evidence. The quality of each randomized controlled trial and cohort study was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (ROBINS-I), respectively. The walking-bleach and the combined techniques were both effective at the end of the treatment, obtaining similar aesthetic results. Regardless of the technique used, internal tooth bleaching is an effective procedure, with good aesthetic results, in the treatment of non-vital teeth. The cervical barrier is a standard of care in internal bleaching techniques and should be used. Considering the similarity in the esthetic results obtained in both techniques, the concentrations used for both, and since the biocompatibility of the bleaching agent is more important than its efficiency or speed in obtaining results, the combined technique should be considered the method of choice rather than the walking-bleach technique.

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Perioperative prehabilitation and rehabilitation in esophagogastric malignancies: a systematic review

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doz058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jarlath C Bolger ◽

Lisa Loughney ◽

Roisin Tully ◽

Melanie Cunningham ◽

Shane Keogh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Muscle Training ◽

Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Resectional Surgery

SUMMARYCancers of the esophagus and stomach are challenging to treat. With the advent of neoadjuvant therapies, patients frequently have a preoperative window with potential to optimize their status before major resectional surgery. It is unclear as to whether a prehabilitation or optimization program can affect surgical outcomes. This systematic review appraises the current evidence for prehabilitation and rehabilitation in esophagogastric malignancy. A literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies including patients undergoing esophagectomy or gastrectomy were included. Studies reporting on at least one of aerobic capacity, muscle strength, quality of life, morbidity, and mortality were included. Twelve studies were identified for inclusion, comprising a total of 937 patients. There was significant heterogeneity between studies, with a variety of interventions, timelines, and outcome measures reported. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) consistently showed improvements in functional status preoperatively, with three studies showing improvements in respiratory complications with IMT. Postoperative rehabilitation was associated with improved clinical outcomes. There may be a role for prehabilitation among patients undergoing major resectional surgery in esophagogastric malignancy. A large randomized controlled trial is warranted to investigate this further.

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The Role of Physiotherapy in Pediatric Palliative Care: A Systematic Review

Children ◽

10.3390/children8111043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1043

Author(s):

Silvia Ortiz-Campoy ◽

Cristina Lirio-Romero ◽

Helena Romay-Barrero ◽

David Martín-Caro Álvarez ◽

Purificación López-Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Pediatric Palliative Care ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Her Family ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Respiratory Physiotherapy

Pediatric palliative care (PPC) is a set of actions aimed at children who suffer from a severe or life-threatening disease to alleviate the symptoms of the disease and improve the quality of life of both the child and his/her family. One of the tools used to control symptoms is physiotherapy; however, its application in the child population has not been thoroughly studied. The main objective of this study was to gather, analyze, and critically evaluate the available scientific evidence on physiotherapy in children who require palliative care through a systematic review of the studies published in the last 10 years in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, CINAHL, and Scopus. Of a total of 622 studies, the inclusion criteria were only met by seven articles, which were focused on the relationship between physiotherapy and PPC. This study analyzed: (1) the main pathologies treated, with a predominance of cerebral palsy and cancer; (2) the interventions applied, such as respiratory physiotherapy, neurological physiotherapy, therapeutic massage, and virtual reality; (3) the effects achieved in the child and his/her family, highlighting the control of symptoms and the improvement of the quality of life; and (4) the knowledge of the physiotherapists on PPC, observing that most of the professionals had not received training in this scope. The findings of this review indicate a lack of an adequate evidence foundation for physiotherapy in PPC.

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A Mobile Phone–Based Telemonitoring Program for Heart Failure Patients After an Incidence of Acute Decompensation (Medly-AID): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.15753 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Emily Seto ◽

Heather Ross ◽

Alana Tibbles ◽

Steven Wong ◽

Patrick Ware ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hospital Readmissions ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Self Care ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Acute Decompensation ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure (HF) are at the highest risk for hospital readmissions during the first few weeks after discharge when patients are transitioning from hospital to home. Telemonitoring (TM) for HF management has been found to reduce mortality risk and hospital readmissions if implemented appropriately; however, the impact of TM targeted for patients recently discharged from hospital, for whom TM might have the biggest benefit, is still unknown. Medly, a mobile phone–based TM system that is currently being used as a standard of care for HF at a large Canadian hospital, may be an effective tool for the management of HF in patients recently discharged from hospital. OBJECTIVE The objective of the <italic>Medly-After an Incidence of acute Decompensation</italic> (Medly-AID) trial is to determine the effect of Medly on the self-care and quality of life of patients with HF who have been recently discharged from hospital after an HF-related decompensation. METHODS A multisite multimethod randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted at 2 academic hospitals and at least one community hospital to evaluate the impact of Medly-enabled HF management on the outcomes of patients with HF who had been hospitalized for HF-related decompensation and discharged during the 2 weeks before recruitment. The trial will include 144 participants with HF (74 in each control and intervention groups). Control patients will receive standard of care, whereas patients in the intervention group will receive standard of care and Medly. Specifically, patients in the intervention group will record daily weight, blood pressure, and heart rate and answer symptom-related questions via the Medly app. Medly will generate automated patient self-care messages such as to adjust diuretic medications, based on the rules-based algorithm personalized to the individual patient, and send real-time alerts to their health care providers as necessary. All patients will be followed for 3 months. Primary outcome measures are self-care and quality of life as measured through the validated questionnaires Self-Care of Heart Failure Index, EQ-5D-5L, and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12. Secondary outcome measures for this study include cost of health care services used and health outcomes. RESULTS Patient recruitment began in November 2018 at the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, with a total of 35 participants recruited by July 30, 2019 (17 in the intervention group and 18 in the control group). The final analysis is expected to occur in the fall of 2020. CONCLUSIONS This RCT will be the first to assess the effectiveness of the Medly TM system for use following discharge from hospital after a HF-related decompensation. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03358303; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03358303

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416 A NARRATIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING SURGERY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doaa087.105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

P Prasad ◽

K Hardy ◽

J Chmelo ◽

M Navidi ◽

A Phillips

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Abstract Esophagectomy is a complex procedure with associated high levels of morbidity. Rehabilitation programmes are being developed and increasingly utilised in the perioperative period and comprise a variety of physical, nutritional and psychological interventions. Such strategies may help reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, mitigate sarcopenia, prevent progressive frailty and restore quality of life. This systematic review aimed to identify and analyse studies reporting outcomes of post-esophagectomy rehabilitative interventions. Methods Major reference databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google scholar) were interrogated and a systematic search with a pre-defined search strategy was performed up until January 2020. All eligible articles were screened in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) criteria for cohort studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised studies. Results Three studies (n = 1 pilot study; n = 1 feasibility study and n = 1 randomised controlled trial) including some 108 patients were included in this narrative review, of whom 64 patients had undergone esophagectomy. Rehabilitative strategies utilised included a combination of physical activities such as walking and low- to moderate-intensity exercises, dietary counselling, psychological support and occupational therapy input. There was wide variation in the outcomes assessed between studies. Postoperative physical activity with exercises consistently demonstrated maximum positive impact upon cardiopulmonary fitness. The median MINORS score for included studies was 9 (8-10) and the risk of bias in the included randomised trial was low. Conclusion There is a paucity of data currently to help determine the impact that rehabilitation may have on clinical outcomes and quality of life following esophagectomy. While improved physical function has been demonstrated, there is a need to determine which interventions patients deem most important and acceptable to help them return to as close to baseline as possible. Additionally, there is a need to further understand the impact rehabilitation may have upon long-term outcomes.

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Investigating bacterial decolonization for the prevention of radiation dermatitis: A randomized controlled trial and quality of life assessment.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.tps12137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. TPS12137-TPS12137

Author(s):

Karolina Mieczkowska ◽

Alana Deutsch ◽

Kosaku Shinoda ◽

Johanna Daily ◽

Nitin Ohri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Life Assessment ◽

Radiation Dermatitis ◽

Low Grade ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Impact

TPS12137 Background: Radiation dermatitis (RD) can be therapy-limiting and detrimental to quality of life for cancer patients receiving radiation therapy (RT). Bacteria play an important role in many inflammatory dermatoses. In an observational clinical study, our group discovered that nasal colonization with bacteria, specifically with Staphylococcus aureus (SA), prior to RT was an independent predictor of higher-grade RD (grade ≥2). Higher-grade RD patients were also found to have more SA on the irradiated skin after treatment. If successful, bacterial decolonization could be a safe and cost-effective method to prevent RD. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of universal bacterial decolonization in preventing RD. Subject inclusion criteria include patients who are aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of a solid tumor of the breast or head and neck with plans for fractionated RT (≥ 15 fractions) with curative intent. Based on previous studies and power analyses, we plan to recruit a total of 80 patients. Patients in the control arm will be treated according to standard of care, including daily application of emollients and gentle bathing. In addition to standard of care, patients in the intervention arm will receive a decolonization regimen consisting of intranasal mupirocin ointment used twice daily and chlorhexidine wash used daily for 5 days prior to the initiation of RT and repeated for 5 days every other week throughout RT. Study evaluations for both groups will include bacterial cultures obtained via superficial swab from the nares, irradiated skin, and contralateral non-radiated skin performed at the beginning, middle, and end of RT. Additionally, standardized photographs of the skin at the radiated site will be performed prior to and at the completion of RT, which will be graded by a dermatologist blinded to study arm. Lastly, at identical timepoints, each patient will complete the SKINDEX-16 questionnaire, a validated quality of life (QoL) assessment. The primary endpoint is development of grade ≥ 2 RD, as compared to low-grade RD (grade 0-1), during RT. The secondary endpoint includes the impact of bacterial decolonization on QoL. Pearson’s chi square or Fisher’s exact tests will be used to compare the incidence rates of higher-grade RD between the interventional arm and control arm to assess if the intervention is associated with a lower incidence rate of higher-grade RD. Paired t-tests will be used to compare the QoL score change from baseline to after RT between the two arms. Linear regression models will be used in both analyses to adjust for covariates. Clinical trial information: NCT03883828.

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Interventions for Alleviating Cancer-Related Dyspnea: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.15.5796 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 2396-2404 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Irit Ben-Aharon ◽

Anat Gafter-Gvili ◽

Mical Paul ◽

Leonard Leibovici ◽

Salomon M. Stemmer

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Supplemental Oxygen ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Terminally Ill Cancer Patients ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Cochrane Library

Purpose Dyspnea is one of the most distressing symptoms experienced by terminally ill cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the role of interventions for the palliation of dyspnea. Methods We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing all pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for dyspnea palliation in cancer patients, and searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, conference proceedings, and references. Two reviewers independently appraised the quality of trials and extracted data. Results Our search yielded 18 trials. Fourteen evaluated pharmacologic interventions: seven assessing opioids (a total of 256 patients), five assessing oxygen (137 patients), one assessing helium-enriched air, and one assessing furosemide. Four trials evaluated nonpharmacologic interventions (403 patients). The administration of subcutaneous morphine resulted in a significant reduction in dyspnea Visual Analog Scale (VAS) compared with placebo. No difference was observed in dyspnea VAS score when nebulized morphine was compared with subcutaneous morphine, although patients preferred the nebulized route. The addition of benzodiazepines to morphine was significantly more effective than morphine alone, without additional adverse effects. Oxygen was not superior to air for alleviating dyspnea, except for patients with hypoxemia. Nursing-led interventions improved breathlessness. Acupuncture was not beneficial. Conclusion Our review supports the use of opioids for dyspnea relief in cancer patients. The use of supplemental oxygen to alleviate dyspnea can be recommended only in patients with hypoxemia. Nursing-led nonpharmacologic interventions seem valuable. Only a few studies addressing this question were performed. Thus, further studies evaluating interventions for alleviating dyspnea are warranted.

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Effectiveness of the hydrotherapy in children with chronic encephalopathy no progressive of the childhood: a systematic review

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/s0103-51502010000100005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Karoline de Carvalho Jacques ◽

Nayana Rocha Drumond ◽

Silmara Aparecida Figueiredo Andrade ◽

Israel Penaforte Chaves Júnior ◽

Walesca Carla de Toffol

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The Body ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Rehabilitation Process ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Body Activity ◽

And Function ◽

The Brain

INTRODUCTION: Now Cerebral Palsy is considered like Chronic Encephalopathy no Progressive of the Childhood and defined as any disorder characterized by alteration in the structure and function of the body, activity and participation due to a lesion no progressive of the brain in development. Several techniques physiotherapy exist for individuals rehabilitation with that pathology, however, no technique stands out as more effective in the literature. The use of the approach hydrotherapy becomes viable in several aspects structural, functional and social in the rehabilitation process. OBJETIVE: It is done necessary to evaluate, through the selection and discerning analysis of article, the evidences of the effectiveness of the hydrotherapy in children and/or adolescents with Chronic Encephalopathy no Progressive of the childhood with inferior age to 17 years. METHODS: Research was accomplished at the Virtual Library in Health in the bases of bibliographical data of LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, Cochrane Library and search active in national and international newspapers. RESULTS: The databases located only two article of systematic review on the approached theme. Through these, it was possible to locate for search activates six scientific articles. These were analyzed in agreement with the inclusion criteria, and finally, only three articles composed the study, where the same ones were appraised as for the methodological quality. No article of the type randomized controlled trial was found, just an quasy- randomized one. CONCLUSION: It had limited evidence of the effects hydrotherapy in that population. Like this being, future studies of the type randomized controlled trial are made necessary for the clinical conduct and for scientific community.

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The Effectiveness and Safety of Moxibustion for Peripheral Facial Paralysis：A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-549760/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shanshan Xiang ◽

Ting Fang ◽

Changan Ren ◽

Junnan Qi ◽

Zheng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Document Retrieval ◽

Effective Rate ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Peripheral Facial Paralysis ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure

Abstract Background: Moxibustion has been used in treating patients with Peripheral Facial Paralysis(PFP), but its effectiveness and safety have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, the objective of this review is to comprehensively assess the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for PFP.Methods: We will conduct a systematic document retrieval of databases from inception to March 18, 2021, including Embase, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Chinese databases SinoMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database and Wanfang Data (WF). Reviewers will independently retrieve databases, identify trials, extract data, and evaluate the quality of eligible randomized controlled trials(RCTs). The outcomes will include: the effective rate, the House-Brackmann (H-B) score, Facial Disability Index (FDI), and side effects. The quality of eligible RCT will be assessed by the Cochrane risk-of-bias. Meta-analysis will be processed by the Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.3.0.Discussion: This review will provide comprehensive evidence of moxibustion for PFP.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020207068

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Acupuncture for adenomyosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shike Lin ◽

◽

Bing Tan ◽

Suren Rao Sooranna ◽

Tlaye Kenean Getaneh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Review Question ◽

Pelvic Imaging ◽

Gynecological Disorder

Review question / Objective: Can patients with adenomyosis benefit from acupuncture treatments? Evaluation of current evidence with respect to the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for adenomyosis by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trial. Condition being studied: Adenomyosis is a gynecological disorder defined as the presence of the endometrial gland and stroma cells within the myometrium. This condition mainly occurs in women who are multiparous and over the age of 30. Among women undergoing hysterectomy, the frequency of adenomyosis is reported to range from 8.8% to 61.5%. Adenomyosis is also observed in 20. 9% to 34% of women who have been referred for pelvic imaging. The incidence of adenomyosis in the general population remains uncertain. Adenomyosis can significantly decrease the patient’s quality of life, with the clinical presentations of menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia, chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia.

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Improving peer review of systematic reviews by involving librarians and information specialists: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

10.31222/osf.io/92n4w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Melissa Rethlefsen ◽

Sara Schroter ◽

Lex Bouter ◽

David Moher ◽

Ana Patricia Ayala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Peer Review ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Quality Of Reporting ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Peer Reviewers

Background: Problems continue to exist with the reporting of and risk of bias in search methods and strategies in systematic reviews and related review types. Peer reviewers who are not familiar with what is required to transparently and fully report a search may not be prepared to review the search components of systematic reviews, nor may they know what is likely to introduce bias into a search. Librarians and information specialists, who have expertise in searching, may offer specialized knowledge that would help improve systematic review search reporting and lessen risk of bias, but they are underutilized as methodological peer reviewers.Methods: This study will evaluate the effect of adding librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers on the quality of search reporting and risk of bias in systematic review searches. The study will be a pragmatic randomized controlled trial using 150 systematic review manuscripts submitted to BMJ and BMJ Open as the unit of randomization. Manuscripts that report on completed systematic reviews and related review types and have been sent for peer review are eligible. For each manuscript randomized to the intervention, a librarian/information specialist will be invited as an additional peer reviewer using standard practices for each journal. First revision manuscripts will be assessed in duplicate for reporting quality and risk of bias, using adherence to 4 items from PRISMA-S and assessors’ judgements on 4 signaling questions from ROBIS Domain 2, respectively. Identifying information from the manuscripts will be removed prior to assessment.Discussion: The primary outcomes for this study are quality of reporting as indicated by differences in the proportion of adequately reported searches in first revision manuscripts between intervention and control groups and risk of bias as indicated by differences in the proportions of first revision manuscripts with high, low, and unclear bias. If the intervention demonstrates an effect on search reporting or bias, this may indicate a need for journal editors to work with librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers.Trial registration: This trial was registered on the Open Science Framework on June 17, 2021 at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/W4CK2.

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