scholarly journals Soft and Hard Piezoelectric Ceramics for Vibration Energy Harvesting

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Yan ◽  
Mupeng Zheng ◽  
Mankang Zhu ◽  
Yudong Hou
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester

The question as to which piezoelectric composition is favorable for energy harvesting has been addressed in the past few years. However, discussion on this topic continues. In this work, an answer is provided through a feasible method which can be used in selecting piezoelectric material. The energy harvesting behavior of hard (P4 and P8) and soft (P5 and P5H) lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics was investigated. The results show that the maximum piezoelectric voltage coefficient g33 and transduction coefficient d33 × g33 were obtained in P5 ceramic. Meanwhile, the power generation characteristics at low frequencies were compared by the vibration energy harvester with a cantilever beam structure. The results indicate that the energy harvester fabricated by the P5 ceramic with the maximum d33 × g33 values also demonstrated the best power generation characteristics. The results unambiguously demonstrate that the power density and energy conversion efficiency of the energy harvesting devices are dominated by the d33 × g33 value of the piezoelectric materials.

Energy Harvesting Performance of Vertically Staggered Rectangle-Through-Holes Cantilever in Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Gao ◽  
Hongrui Ao ◽  
Hongyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Abstract Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted significant attention for its applications in integrated circuits, microelectronic devices, and wireless sensors due to high power density, easy integration, simple configuration, and other outstanding features. Among piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting structures, the cantilevered beam is one of the simplest and most commonly used structures. In this work, a vertically staggered rectangle-through-holes (VS-RTH) cantilevered model is proposed, which focuses on the multi-directional vibration collection. To verify the output performance of the device, this paper employs basic materials and fabrication methods with mathematical modeling. The simulations are conducted through finite element methods to discuss the properties of VS-RTH energy harvester on resonant frequency and output characteristics. Besides, an energy storage circuit is adopted as a collection system. It can achieve a maximum voltage of 4.5 V which is responded to the harmonic vibrating input of 1 N force and 1 m/s2 in a single vibrating direction. Moreover, the power density is 2.596 W/cm3 with a 100 kΩ resistor. It is almost four times better than the output of unidirectional cantilever beam with similar resonant frequency and volume. According to the more functionality in the applications, VS-RTH energy harvester can be used in general vibration acquisition of machines and vehicles. Except for electricity storage, the harvester can potentially employ as a sensor to monitor the diversified physical signals for smooth operation and emergence reports. Looking forward, the VS-RTH harvester renders an effective approach toward decomposing the vibration directions in the environment for further complicating vibration applications.

Energy Harvesting Performance of Vertically Staggered Rectangle-Through-Holes Cantilevered in Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Gao ◽  
Hongrui Ao ◽  
Hongyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
High Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Abstract Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted significant attention for its applications in integrated circuits, microelectronic devices and wireless sensors due to high power density, easy integration, simple configuration and other outstanding features. Among piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting structures, cantilevered beam is one of the simplest and most commonly used structures. In this work, a vertically staggered rectangle-through-holes (VS-RTH) cantilevered model of mesoscale piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed, which focuses on the multi-directional vibration collection and low resonant frequency. To verify the output performances of the device, this paper employs basic materials and fabrication methods with mathematical modeling. The simulations are conducted through finite element methods to discuss the properties of VS-RTH energy harvester on resonant frequency and output characteristics. Besides, an energy storage circuit with high power collection rate is adopted as collection system. This harvester is beneficial to the further application of devices working with continuous vibrations and low power requirements.

A Broadband Frequency Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2011 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua An Ma ◽  
Jing Quan Liu ◽  
Gang Tang ◽  
Chun Sheng Yang ◽  
Yi Gui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Working Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

As the low-power wireless sensor components and the development of micro electromechanical systems, long-term supply of components is a major obstacle of their development. One of solutions to this problem is based on the environmental energy collection of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting. Currently, frequency band of piezoelectric vibration energy harvester is narrow and the frequency is high, which is not fit for the vibration energy acquisition in the natural environment. A piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with lower working frequency and broader band is designed and a test system to analyze the harvester is presented in this paper. The traditional mass is replaced by a permanent magnet in this paper, While other two permanent magnets are also placed on the upper and above of the piezoelectric cantilever. Experiments showed, under the 0.5g acceleration, compared with the traditional non-magnetic piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting, a piezoelectric cantilever (length 40mm, width 8mm, thickness 0.8mm) has a peak-peak voltage of 32.4V, effectively enlarges working frequency band from 67HZ-105HZ to 63HZ-108HZ.

Optimal Energy Harvesting From Impulse Trains Using Piezoelectric Transduction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Kody ◽  
J. T. Scruggs
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Optimal Harvesting ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Linear Quadratic Optimal Control ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Harvesting Time

In applications of vibration energy harvesting to embedded wireless sensing, the available power and energy can be very low. This poses interesting challenges for technological feasibility if the parasitic losses in the electronics used to harvest this energy are prohibitive. In this study, we present a theory for the active control of power generation in energy harvesters in a manner which addresses and compensates for parasitic loss. We conduct the analysis in the context of a single-transducer piezoelectric bimorph cantilever beam subjected to a low-frequency impulse train. The power generation of the vibration energy harvester is maximized while considering mechanical losses, electrical losses, and the static power required to activate control intelligence and facilitate power-electronic conversion. It is shown that the optimal harvesting current can be determined through the use of linear quadratic optimal control techniques. The optimal harvesting time over which energy should be generated, following an impulse, is determined concurrently with the optimal feedback law. We show that this optimal harvesting time exhibits bifurcations as a function of the parameters characterizing the losses in the system.

Vibration Energy Harvesting System Based on Magnetically Controlled Shape Memory Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 2521-2524
Author(s):  
Qing Xin Zhang ◽  
Lu Ping Wang ◽  
Yu Huan Xie ◽  
Zhan Bo Cui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Signal ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Power Circuit ◽  
Energy Transducer

Aiming at the problem that the generation power of the vibration generator is small, which is based on current electromechanical energy transducer materials, the conventional circuit could not meet the power supply requirement of the load. First of all, the principle of vibration energy harvesting is analyzed. Furthermore, a new vibration energy harvester based on magnetically controlled shape memory alloy (MSMA) is designed, which were introducing to the intelligent power circuit. The vibration energy harvester based on MSMA solved the problem of low electromagnetic signal change and less deformation that based on other intelligent materials. Last but not least, simulation results show that the new intelligent power circuit can harvest the output power and drive the load to work. Comparing with traditional harvesting circuit, it is superior with lower power consumption and higher efficiency of energy conversion and energy harvesting.

Flow Driven Vibration Energy Harvester

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Bischur ◽  
Sebastian Pobering ◽  
Markus Menacher ◽  
Norbert Schwesinger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Macroscopic Models ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Working Principle

This paper describes an energy harvester working with the repeated deflection of a piezoelectric cantilever. The harvester works in flowing media like wind or water. The bending of the cantilever is driven by vortices traveling across it. The presented device is an easy solution for vibration energy harvesting without the need of external mechanical vibration. The working principle was determined with macroscopic models in wind and water channels. The harvester does not need in general a mechanical adaption to the external vibration frequency, because it oscillates always with its resonance frequency at different flow velocities. Furthermore a self synchronization of cantilevers arranged beside each other could be observed in water. A second system was able to supply a load of approximatly 2 mW in a wind channel at a flow velocity of 8 m/s.

scholarly journals An Arc-shaped Piezoelectric Bistable Vibration Energy Harvester: Modeling and Experiments

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Wenjuan Yang ◽  
Meng Zuo ◽  
Houzhi Tan ◽  
Hongwei Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Modeling And Experiments

In order to improve vibration energy harvesting, this paper designs an arc-shaped piezoelectric bistable vibration energy harvester (ABEH). The bistable configuration is achieved by using magnetic coupling, and the nonlinear magnetic force is calculated. Based on Lagrangian equation, piezoelectric theory, Kirchhoff’s law, etc., a complete theoretical model of the presented ABEH is built. The influence of the nonlinear stiffness terms, the electromechanical coupling coefficient, the damping, the distance between magnets, and the load resistance on the dynamic response and the energy harvesting performance of the ABEH is numerically explored. More importantly, experiments are designed to verify the energy harvesting enhancement of the ABEH. Compared with the non-magnet energy harvester, the ABEH has much better energy harvesting performance.

Modeling of polyurethane/lead zirconate titanate composites for vibration energy harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Rjafallah ◽  
Abdelowahed Hajjaji ◽  
Daniel Guyomar ◽  
Khalid Kandoussi ◽  
Fouad Belhora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Collecting the vibration energy existing in the surrounding environment and its transformation to a useful electrical energy in order to supply ultra-low power systems remains an emerging and promising technology. During the last decades, most of research efforts dealt with energy-harvesting technology using piezoelectric ceramics. However, those materials are stiff and limited in mechanical strain abilities. In addition, they lose their stiffness and piezoelectricity at high levels of mechanical strain. Thus, they are unsuitable for many applications in which low frequency and high strain level are required. However, electrostrictive polymers are lightweight, very flexible, have low manufacturing costs and are easy to mould into any desired shapes. These special properties led to them being considered as potential actuators. However, it is not well known that these materials also can be used for mechanical-to-electrical energy harvesting. In this research paper, electromechanical characterization of polymer/lead zirconate titanate composites was extended. The first part develops the analytical model predicting the energy harvested by polyurethane/PZT composites from electrical and mechanical properties of their constituent materials. Indeed, this model was based on the approach of representing the experimental setup with an equivalent electrical scheme. The second part focuses on the assessment of model performance by comparison between predicted and observed values. As a result, good agreements were observed between the two sets of data; in addition, the model could be used to optimize the choice of constituent materials. The last part concerns the contribution of both the electrostrictive effect and piezoelectric effect in electrical powers harvested by PU/PZT composites.

Simply supported FPEDs connected by springs for broadband energy harvesting

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Tanaka ◽  
Satoru Odake ◽  
Jun Miyake ◽  
Hidemi Mutsuda ◽  
Atanas A. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Polyvinylidene Difluoride ◽  
Simply Supported

Energy harvesting methods that use functional materials have attracted interest because they can take advantage of an abundant but underutilized energy source. Most vibration energy harvester designs operate most effectively around their resonant frequency. However, in practice, the frequency band for ambient vibrational energy is typically broad. The development of technologies for broadband energy harvesting is therefore desirable. The authors previously proposed an energy harvester, called a flexible piezoelectric device (FPED), that consists of a piezoelectric film (polyvinylidene difluoride) and a soft material, such as silicon rubber or polyethylene terephthalate. The authors also proposed a system based on FPEDs for broadband energy harvesting. The system consisted of cantilevered FPEDs, with each FPED connected via a spring. Simply supported FPEDs also have potential for broadband energy harvesting, and here, a theoretical evaluation method is proposed for such a system. Experiments are conducted to validate the derived model.

scholarly journals Power-Generation Optimization Based on Piezoelectric Ceramic Deformation for Energy Harvesting Application with Renewable Energy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2171
Author(s):  
Hyeonsu Han ◽  
Junghyuk Ko
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramic ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramics ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Along with the increase in renewable energy, research on energy harvesting combined with piezoelectric energy is being conducted. However, it is difficult to predict the power generation of combined harvesting because there is no data on the power generation by a single piezoelectric material. Before predicting the corresponding power generation and efficiency, it is necessary to quantify the power generation by a single piezoelectric material alone. In this study, the generated power is measured based on three parameters (size of the piezoelectric ceramic, depth of compression, and speed of compression) that contribute to the deformation of a single PZT (Lead zirconate titanate)-based piezoelectric element. The generated power was analyzed by comparing with the corresponding parameters. The analysis results are as follows: (i) considering the difference between the size of the piezoelectric ceramic and the generated power, 20 mm was the most efficient piezoelectric ceramic size, (ii) considering the case of piezoelectric ceramics sized 14 mm, the generated power continued to increase with the increase in the compression depth of the piezoelectric ceramic, and (iii) For piezoelectric ceramics of all diameters, the longer the depth of deformation, the shorter the frequency, and depending on the depth of deformation, there is a specific frequency at which the charging power is maximum. Based on the findings of this study, PZT-based elements can be applied to cases that receive indirect force, including vibration energy and wave energy. In addition, the power generation of a PZT-based element can be predicted, and efficient conditions can be set for maximum power generation.

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