scholarly journals Natural Fluorite from Órgiva Deposit (Spain). A Study of Its Pozzolanic and Mechanical Properties

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367
Author(s):  
Domingo A. Martín ◽  
Jorge Luis Costafreda ◽  
Esteban Estévez ◽  
Leticia Presa ◽  
Alicia Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties ◽  
Mineralogical Phase

This work presents the results of the partial substitution of Portland cement (PC) by natural fluorite (NF) and calcined fluorite (CF) in mortars, at 10%, 25% and 40%. To meet these objectives, a sample of fluorite was initially studied by XRD, SEM and Raman Spectroscopy (RS). A chemical quality analysis (CQA) and a chemical pozzolanicity test (CPT) at 8 and 15 days were carried out in a second stage to establish the pozzolanic properties of the investigated sample. Finally, a mechanical compressive strength test (MCST) at 7, 28 and 90 days was carried out on specimens made up with PC/NF and PC/CF mixes, at a ratio of 10%, 25% and 40%. XRD, SEM and RS results indicated fluorite as the major mineralogical phase. The CPT and CQA showed an increase in the pozzolanicity of the samples from 8 to 15 days. The MCST showed an increase in compressive strength from 7 to 90 days for both PC/NF and PC/CF specimens. The results obtained establish that fluorite produces positive effects in the mortar and contributes to the gain of mechanical strength over time, being a suitable material for the manufacture of cements with pozzolanic addition with a reduction of CO2 emissions, and by reducing the energy costs of production.

scholarly journals Potency Of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Partial Substitution Of Cement In Concrete

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Marzuki ◽  
Erniati Bachtiar ◽  
ASRI MULYA SETIAWAN ◽  
SRIGUSTY
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash

the availability of sugarcane bagasse ash produced by Arasoe Sugar Factory, it is not used utilized. That sugarcane bagasse ash has size very fine that it can pollute the air. The sugarcane bagasse ash has silicate content, and it has pozzolan properties. The needs of construction material are something that to think about that. It is an alternative to substitute the using of cement in concrete construction. This study is aimed to find the potential of sugarcane bagasse ash in Arasoe Sugar Factory for partial substitution of cement in concrete. The sample made from the variety of sugarcane bagasse ash 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% as partial substitution of cement in concrete. The ratio of water and cement is 0.45. The specimen of concrete is taken care in standard condition at the laboratory and compressive strength test when the sample is in 28, 45, and 62 days old. The compressive strength test refers to ASTM C39/ C39M-01 (Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens). The development of compressive strength of concrete with many variations of sugarcane bagasse ash 0% 2.5%, 5% is increasing along with the age of concrete, however in contrast with 7.5% of sugarcane bagasse ash the decreasing in 60 days old later. Partial substitute of sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete is possible to do in an amount about 5% of sugarcane bagasse ash

scholarly journals Kelayakan Abu Terbang PLTU Buntoi Sebagai Campuran Beton Geopolimer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Dadang Suriyana ◽  
Liliana Sahay ◽  
Okta Meilawaty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength ◽  
Geopolymer Material ◽  
Geopolymer Paste

The main basic ingredients needed for the manufacture of this geopolymer material are materials that contain a lot of silica and aluminia elements. The 1st stage test was carried out to determine the geopolymer paste with the maximum compressive strength at the ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 of 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5. The second stage of testing was carried out using a geopolymer paste with the highest compressive strength, namely the ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 of 2.5 with a compressive strength of 22.56 MPa. Based on the results of the compressive strength test, the maximum compressive strength at the age of 28 days is 7.64 MPa. The results of the compressive strength of concrete are much lower than the compressive strength of the paste, it shows that the paste does not bind too much with the aggregate. This is evidenced by the results of the compressive strength of conventional concrete which is much higher than that of geopolymer concrete using the same aggregate. With the results of the maximum compressive strength at the age of 28 days is 29.51 MPa.

Effects of Coal Bottom Ash on the Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Mortar

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Huddin Ibrahim ◽  
Kok Keong Choong ◽  
Megat Azmi Megat Johari ◽  
Shahril Izham Md Noor ◽  
Nur Liyana Zainal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties

The possibility of utilizing treated coal bottom ash as a partial replacement of Portland cement was examined through compressive strength test on mortar samples. A total of 16 batches of mortar mixtures with cement:sand ratio of 1:2.5 and 1:2.75 were prepared using two types of treated coal bottom ash. The chemical compositions including the unburned carbon of coal bottom ash were also analyzed. In order to remove the excess unburned carbon which will affect the potential pozzolanic properties, the coal bottom ash was heated at 550 ± 50oC and 700 ± 50°C for 60 min in an electrical furnace.The results showed that compressive strength of mortar mixtures with cement:sand ratio of 1:2.5 and 1:2.75 containing treated coal bottom ash which was heated at 550oC results in an increase in compressive strength. At 10% and 20% of treated coal bottom ash replacement levels to Portland cement, the compressive strength of the mortar mixture was significantly improved at the age of 28 days. The compressive strength of the mortar mixtures at early ages gives lower strength as compared to the plain Portland cement mortar. However, the effect of treated coal bottom ash that was heated at 700°C is to reduce the compressive strength of the mortar mixtures except for mixture with cement:sand ratio of 1:2.5 containing 10% coal bottom ash at 56 days.

scholarly journals Effect of Ferrock Slag, Marble Chips as Potential Additives to Stablize the Cement with Sludge Ash

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5786-5788
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Sludge Ash

Climatic change and a worldwide temperature alteration come about by ozone harming substance outflow, is a developing misery in the contemporary world. In India, there is a tremendous demand of aggregates for structural building ventures, for example, streets, solid development and so forth, so the specialists created squander the executives systems to apply swap of characteristic materials for explicit needs. This analysis has been carried out which exhibits the variety in the quality of cement by partial substitution of Cement by sludge ash (25%), Coarse total by Marble chips (45%) and Fine total by ferrock slag for 30% to half in the means of 10% individually. The replacements of fine total began with 30% dependent on different diaries were examined and the compressive strength was more noteworthy than the ostensible cement. The properties quality of solid like compressive strength test for cubes and split tensile for cylinders was examined for different substitutions

scholarly journals Alkali-Activated Zeolite 4A Granules—Characterization and Suitability Assessment for the Application of Adsorption

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Pauls P. Argalis ◽  
Laura Vitola ◽  
Diana Bajare ◽  
Kristine Vegere
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Suitability Assessment ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Zeolite 4A ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Alkali Activated

A major problem in the field of adsorbents is that binders (kaolin clay, bentonite) introduced to bind zeolites and ensure the needed mechanical strength, are not able to sorb gases like CO2 and N2, and decrease the overall adsorption capacity. To solve this problem, one of the pathways is to introduce a binder able to sorb such gases. Thus, in this study, the physical and mechanical properties of a novel binder based on metakaolin and its composite with zeolite 4A in the granular form were studied. Metakaolin was used as a precursor for alkali-activated binder, which was synthesized using an 8M NaOH activation solution. Raw materials were characterized using granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential thermal analysis (DTA); and final products were characterized using density measurements, a compressive strength test, XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkali-activated metakaolin was found to be efficient as a binding material when data for morphological properties were analyzed. A relationship was observed—by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), compressive strength decreased. Zeolite granule attrition was higher than expected: 2.42% and 4.55% for ZG-0.8, 3.64% and 5.76% for ZG-1.0, and 2.73% and 4.85% for ZG-1.2, measured at 4 and 5 atmospheres, respectively.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Fired Brick Produced from Industrial Ash and Natural Clay: A Study of Waste Reuse

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Doğan-Sağlamtimur ◽  
Ahmet Bilgil ◽  
Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda ◽  
Sławomir Parzych ◽  
Marek Hebda
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Waste Reuse ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Storage

Bottom ash (BA) is an industrial solid waste formed by the burning of coal. The environmental problems and storage costs caused by this waste increase with every passing day. In this study, the use of BA as an additive (clay substitute) in fired brick production was investigated. The study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, cylinder blocks were produced from clay used in brick production. The second stage was the examination of the experimental substitution of clay with 10, 20, 30 and 40% BA. Samples were fired at 900, 1000, 1100 and 1150 °C to produce fired brick samples. The unit weight, compressive strength (before and after freeze–thawing) and water absorption were analyzed for the samples. The unit weight values decreased in the samples containing BA. The mechanical properties met the conditions prescribed in the relevant standards; i.e., all of the samples fired at 1100 and 1150 °C had a sufficient compressive strength over 20 MPa. The high potential of fired bricks for the construction industry was proved. BA can be used as a clay substitute, while the developed protocol can be used to effectively produce fired bricks.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on the Utilization of RHA as a Performance Enhancer for Rubber Mortar

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3216
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Peiyuan Chen ◽  
Haibing Cai ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Chunchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Waste Rubber ◽  
Chloride Resistance ◽  
Preliminary Study

In this study, rice husk ash (RHA) was explored as a strength enhancer for mortars containing waste rubber. The effects of RHA on the flow, mechanical strength, chloride resistance, and capillary absorption of rubber mortar were investigated by substituting up to 20% cement with RHA. The experimental results showed that the incorporation of rubber into mortar could be safely achieved by adding RHA as a cement substitute by up to 20% without compromising the compressive strength of mortar. Moreover, the RHA also exerted positive effects on the enhancement of the chloride resistance as well as the capillary absorption of rubber mortars, for which 15% RHA was found to be the optimal dosage.

Treated Effluent in Concrete Technology

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Lee Ooi ◽  
Mohd Razman Salim ◽  
Mohammad Ismail ◽  
Md. Imtiaj Ali
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Mixing Water

In this paper, the feasibility of using treated effluent for concrete mixing was studied. Treated effluent from sewage treatment plants in Malaysia is currently being wasted through direct discharge into waterways. With proper water quality control, this treated effluent can also be considered as a potential water resource for specific applications. Two tests were carried out namely compressive strength test and setting time to determine the feasibility of using treated effluent for concrete mixing. The results were compared against the test conducted on control specimens which used potable water. The results showed that treated effluent increases the compressive strength and setting time when compared with potable water. Key words: treated effluent; mixing water; compressive strength; setting time; concrete technology.

Strength Properties of Activated Hwangtoh Mortars

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
Dongsik Oh ◽  
Doheom Song ◽  
Seongseok Go
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Substitution Ratio ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Furnace Slag

Hwangtoh (loess) has pozzolanic properties that mean it can be used as a cement admixture when activated at high temperatures, and that it can be used in combination with building materials such as fly ash or blast furnace slag. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the compressive strength and the brick bond strength of various mortars containing hwangtoh, and also to find the optimum mixing conditions for the use of hwangtoh. It was found that the mortars’ strength properties are significantly influenced by the water/cement ratio W/C and the activated hwangtoh substitution ratio. We recommend the following materials and mixing conditions: W/C 60%, a cement substitution ratio of activated hwangtoh of 20 ~ 25%, and the addition of 10% blast furnace slag to improve the compressive strength of such mortars.

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