Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline ZnO Doped with Al3+ and Ni2+ by a Sol–Gel Method Coupled with Ultrasound Irradiation

Zinc oxide is one of the most important semiconducting metal oxides and one of the most promising n-type materials, but its practical use is limited because of both its high thermal conductivity and its low electrical conductivity. Numerous studies have shown that doping with metals in ZnO structures leads to the modification of the band gap energy. In this work, Al-doped ZnO, Ni-doped ZnO, and undoped ZnO nanocrystalline powders were prepared by a sol–gel method coupled with ultrasound irradiation, and the results show the influence of Al3+ and Ni2+ ions in the ZnO network. The doping concentrations in ZnO of 0.99 atom % for ZnO–Al and 0.80 atom % for ZnO–Ni were obtained by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy showed a decreased intensity and broadening of main peaks, indicating metallic ions. The crystallite size of the sample was decreased from 24.5 nm (ZnO) to 22.0 nm (ZnO–Al) and 21 nm (ZnO–Ni). The textural and morphological properties were analyzed via Nitrogen Adsorption (BET method) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).

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Synthesis of Nanocrystalline-Doped ZnO with Al3+ and Ni2+ by Sol-Gel Method Coupled by Ultrasound Irradiation

10.20944/preprints201808.0366.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

M. J. Robles-Águila ◽

J. A. Luna-López ◽

Álvaro D. Hernández de la Luz ◽

J. Martínez-Juárez ◽

M. E. Rabanal

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

Ultrasound Irradiation ◽

Band Gap Energy ◽

Nanocrystalline Powders ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Bet Method ◽

Doped Zno

Zinc oxide is one of the most important semiconductor metal oxides and one of the most promising n-type materials, but its practical use is limited because of both its high thermal conductivity and its low electrical conductivity. Numerous studies have shown that doping with metals in ZnO structures leads to the modification of the band gap energy. In this work, Al-doped ZnO, Ni-doped ZnO, and undoped ZnO nanocrystalline powders were prepared by sol-gel method coupled with ultrasound irradiation. The doping concentration in ZnO was 1.0 at.% of Al and Ni. Influence of Al3+ and Ni2+ ions in the ZnO network are explored in this paper. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Nitrogen Adsorption (BET method), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analyses demonstrated the incorporation of metal ions (aluminum and nickel) into the ZnO wurtzite structure. The crystallite size of the sample was decreased from 24.5 nm (ZnO) to 22.0 nm (ZnO-Al) and 21 nm (ZnO-Ni).

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Structural and Morphological Properties of Ag and In Co-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method

Nano Hybrids and Composites ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.17.101 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 101-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. Porkalai ◽

B. Sathya ◽

Durairaj Benny Anburaj ◽

G. Nedunchezhian ◽

R. Meenambika

Keyword(s):

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Average Particle Size ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Average Particle ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno ◽

Co Doped

Zinc oxide has been receiving an enormous attention due to its potential applications in a variety of field such as optoelectronics, spintronics and sensors. Ag and In co-doped ZnO nanoparticles with different doping concentration 0.1M, 0.2M and 0.3M were prepared by sol-gel method via microwave irradiation followed by calcinations at 600°C for 2h. The structure and morphology were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. Elemental composition has been estimated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption (EDAX), while chemical properties are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) . The average particle size of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was calculated using the Scherrer formula and is found to be of less than 20 nm. Also the effect on the structure and the morphological properties of ZnO when co-doped with silver and Indium is examined. As the process is simple and low cost, it has the potential to be produced on a large scale.

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Magnetic Properties of Bulk Zn0.95-XMnXFe0.05O2 Prepared by Sol-Gel Method and Subsequent Hot Pressing

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.356 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 268-270 ◽

pp. 356-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wen Song Lin ◽

C. H. Wen ◽

Liang He

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Secondary Phase ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno

Mn, Fe doped ZnO powders (Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O2, x≤0.05) were synthesized by an ameliorated sol-gel method, using Zn(CH3COO)2, Mn(CH3COO)2and FeCl2as the raw materials, with the addition of vitamin C as a kind of chemical reducer. The resulting powder was subsequently compacted under pressure of 10 MPa at the temperature of 873K in vacuum. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O2powder and bulk samples have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study chemical valence of manganese, iron and zinc in the samples. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O (x≤0.05) samples were single phase with the ZnO-like wurtzite structure. No secondary phase was found in the XRD spectrum. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Fe and Mn existed in Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O2samples in Fe2+and Mn2+states. The results of VSM experiment proved the room temperature ferromagnetic properties (RTFP) of Mn, Fe co-doped ZnO samples.

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SYNTHESIS OF ZnO-Аg NANOPARTICLES BY SOL-GEL METHOD

Contemporary Materials ◽

10.7251/comen1901022j ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Savka Janković ◽

Dragana Milisavić ◽

Tanja Okolić ◽

Dijana Jelić

Keyword(s):

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Material Surface ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno

Zinc oxide is a highly applicable semiconductor material. Wide applica-tion of this nanomaterial is connected to wide spectrum of energy band gap, high bond en-ergy, great thermal conductivity, but also with its non-toxicity, antibacterial activity, bio-compatibility and biodegradability characteristics. The aim of this paper is synthesis and characterization of silver doped ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO:Ag NP) using sol-gel method. Ob-tained samples of silver doped ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by following tech-niques: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV/VIS spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spec-troscopy (EDX). Efficiency of provided synthesis method was examined by FTIR spectros-copy. XRD determined the purity and crystallinity, and wurtzite structure of synthesized material. Surface morphology and the effect of doping were examined using SEM and EDX characterization methods. Results showed better conductivity after doping ZnO nanoparti-cles with silver. SEM micrographs showed ZnO:Ag NP in the form of nanorods with a par-ticle average size of 6 nm.

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Mg and La Co-doped ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Sol–gel Method: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity

Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppch.12959 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 61-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Behnam Khanizadeh ◽

Morteza Khosravi ◽

Mohammad A. Behnajady ◽

Ali Shamel ◽

Behrouz Vahid

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno ◽

Co Doped

In this study, La and Mg doped, and co-doped ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and N2 physisorption techniques. The XRD results indicated that the prepared nanoparticles can be well adopted by the hexagonal wurtzite structure crystal and there are no second impurity peaks. Studies of the FESEM, EDX and TEM have shown that the samples have uniform spherical-like morphology with a homogenous distribution. The incorporation of La and Mg into the ZnO lattice had no effect on the morphology of the nanoparticles, but a reduction in the size of the grains (≈ 14 nm to ≈ 7 nm) was observed due to the insertion of these ions. The results of N2 physisorption indicated that there was an increase in BET surface area and pore volume for doped and co-doped samples. The results of DRS showed an increase in band gap energy and a blue shift at the absorption edge for doped and co-doped samples. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared catalysts was evaluated in the removal of RhB under UVA irradiation. The results showed that Mg5%-La5%/ZnO had the highest photoactivity (91.18 %) among all samples.

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Effect of Ruthenium Concentration on Structural and I-V Characteristics of ZnO Thin Films by Sol–Gel Method

Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials ◽

10.1142/s2251237317500046 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

pp. 1750004

Author(s):

R. Vettumperumal ◽

S. Kalyanaraman ◽

R. Thangavel

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Zno Thin Films ◽

Zno Films ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Axis Orientation ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno

Nanocrystalline ruthenium (Ru)-doped ZnO thin films on sapphire substrate was prepared using sol–gel method by spin coating technique. The structural and I-V characteristics of Ru doped ZnO thin films were studied from the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and Raman spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the deposited films belonged to hexagonal wurtzite structure with c-axis orientation. It is also confirmed from the Raman spectra. Enhancement of longitudinal optical (LO) phonon is observed by the strong electron–phonon interaction. An observed increment in sheet resistance with increase in dopant percentage of Ru (1–2[Formula: see text]mol%) in ZnO films was found and better I-V characteristic behavior was observed at 1[Formula: see text]mol% of Ru-doped ZnO thin films. Trap limited current flow inside the material was calculated from the log I versus log V plot in the higher voltage region.

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CoMn2O4 Catalyst Prepared Using the Sol-Gel Method for the Activation of Peroxymonosulfate and Degradation of UV Filter 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic Acid (PBSA)

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9050774 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 774 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chihao Lin ◽

Dejian Shi ◽

Zhentao Wu ◽

Lingfeng Zhang ◽

Zhicai Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

Paramagnetic Resonance ◽

Uv Filter ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method

In this study, a bimetallic oxide catalyst of cobalt-manganese (CoMn2O4) was synthesized using the sol-gel method, and it was then characterized using a variety of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. The obtained novel catalyst, i.e., CoMn2O4, was then used as an activator of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the catalytic degradation of a commonly-used UV filter, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) in water. The effects of various factors (e.g., catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, reaction temperature, and pH) in the process were also evaluated. Chemical scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests showed that the •OH and SO4•− were the main reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, this study showed that CoMn2O4 is a promising catalyst for activating PMS to degrade the UV filters.

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Microstructure and optical properties of Na-doped ZnO system, synthesized by the sol–gel method

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/cjc-2018-0270 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 254-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fan Tong ◽

Ye Zhao ◽

Mao-Hua Wang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Lattice Structure ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Average Crystalline Size ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Doped Zno

Pure and Na-doped ZnO (2 at.%, 5 at.%, and 10 at.%) films are synthesized by sol–gel method and annealed at 500 °C for 4 h. The as-synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The samples exhibited hexagonal ZnO lattice structure and another Na2O2 phase was detected in the 5 at.% Na-doped ZnO sample. The calculated average crystalline size increases from 42.0 nm to 43.5 nm when Na content increased from 0 to 10 at.%. FESEM and TEM analysis identifies that the average size of the Na-doped ZnO nanoparticles lies in between 50 nm and they appear in spheroid-like or rod-like shaped particles. The transmittance of the sample was above 80% and the results of photocatalytic activity show that Na-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit higher photodegradation activity (about 91%) than pure ZnO nanoparticles under UV irradiation.

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Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity study of Co and Ni ferrite nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04709-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Pancotti ◽

Dener Pereira Santos ◽

Dielly Oliveira Morais ◽

Mauro Vinícius de Barros Souza ◽

Débora R. Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Test Sample ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Crystallite Sizes

AbstractIn this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) which are widely used in the biomedical area. There is still limited knowledge how the properties of these materials are influenced by different chemical routes. In this work, we investigated the effect of heat treatment over cytotoxicity of cobalt and niquel ferrites NPs synthesized by sol-gel method. Then the samples were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The average crystallite sizes of the particles were found to be in the range of 20–35 nm. The hemocompatibility (erythrocytes and leukocytes) was checked. Cytotoxicity results were similar to those of the control test sample, therefore suggesting hemocompatibility of the tested materials.

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