scholarly journals Effects of Pure and Mixed Pine and Oak Forest Stands on Carabid Beetles

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Alexandra Wehnert ◽  
Sven Wagner ◽  
Franka Huth
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Species Effect ◽  
Oak Tree

The multiple-use approach to forestry applied in Germany aims to combine timber production and habitat management by preserving specific stand structures. We selected four forest stand types comprising (i) pure oak, (ii) equal oak–pine mixtures, (iii) single tree admixtures of oak in pine forest and (iv) pure pine. We analysed the effects of stand composition parameters on species representative of the larger carabid beetles (Carabus arvensis, C. coriaceus, C. hortensis, C. violaceus, Calosoma inquisitor). The main statistical methods used were correlation analyses and generalised linear mixed models. Cal. inquisitor was observed in pure oak forests exclusively. C. coriaceus and C. hortensis were absent from pure pine stands. High activity densities of C. arvensis and C. violaceus were observed in all four forest types. When assessed at the smaller scales of species crown cover proportions and spatial tree species effect zones, C. hortensis was found to be positively related to oak trees with a regular spatial distribution, whereas C. coriaceus preferred lower and more aggregated oak tree proportions. C. violaceus showed strong sex-specific tree species affinities. Information about preferences of carabid beetles is necessary for management activities targeting the adaptation of forest structures to habitat requirements.

A scientific approach for the application of criteria for setting up multiannual programmes and zonal afforestation plans in the framework of the council regulation No. 2080/92

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Social Aspects ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Good Insight ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
New Forest ◽  
Council Regulation ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Insight Into

A  successful and justified multiannual afforestation programme requires a good  insight into the objectives and awareness of the constraints of the new  forests, a planning strategy and a thorough research on the missing aspects.      Socio-economic constraints mainly relate to social aspects of the farmers  involved, who must be assured of a viable income.     Therefore the new forest types and silvicultural systems should produce a  reasonable return, without neglecting however the global multiple use  objective.     Planning has to deal with specific goals, the area of new forests, the  location and size, accompanying measures and a time scale.

scholarly journals ASOSIASI POHON DENGAN EPIFIT Hoya spp. DI TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT DUABELAS Tree Association with Epiphytes Hoya spp. in Bukit Duabelas National Park

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Inggar Damayanti ◽  
Iskandar Z. Siregar ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Habitat Variables

In the tropical rainforests of Jambi, Sumatera, a particular group of epiphytes, species in the genus Hoya, have significant potential to be developed as commercially valuable ornamental plants, because of the uniqueness and beauty of their flowers. Hoya spp. are epiphytic vines whose survival depends largely on the presence of carrier trees, i.e. phorophyte trees. The study reported here was conducted to identify the level of epiphytic association between phorophyte trees and identified Hoya species. The study found four Hoya species, namely: Hoya rintzii, Hoya revoluta, Hoya coronaria, and Hoya cf. caudata. The four species of Hoya were found growing on eleven different species of phorophyte trees. Based on the results of t-contingency tables it was found that there is no association between particular Hoya species and the particular phorophyte tree species. This conclusion was supported by the calculation of Jaccard association indices demonstrating that the association between Hoya spp. and phorophyte tree species is relatively weak. Crown cover and the diameter of the tree are two habitat variables that affect the presence of Hoya revoluta at the sites. The presence of Hoya caudata was influenced by the variable temperature, while the presence of Hoya coronaria was associated with humidity, but the degree of association was relatively weak. The most significant variables affecting the presence of Hoya rintzii were tree height and elevation.Key word: association, ephyphites, Hoya spp, phorophyte.

scholarly journals Stand Structure, Productivity and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Oak Dominated Forests in Kumaun Himalaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-476
Author(s):  
Bijendra Lal ◽  
L.S. Lodhiyal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Quercus Leucotrichophora

Present study deals with stand structure, biomass, productivity and carbon sequestration in oak dominated forests mixed with other broad leaved tree species. The sites of studied forests were located in Nainital region between 29058’ N lat. and 79028’ E long at 1500-2150 m elevation. Tree density of forests ranged from 980-1100 ind.ha-1. Of this, oak trees shared 69-97%. The basal area of trees was 31.81 to 63.93 m2 ha-1. R. arboreum and Q. floribunda shared maximum basal area 16.45 and 16.32 m2 ha-1, respectively in forest site-1 and 2 while Quercus leucotrichophora shared maximum (35.69 m2 ha-1) in site-3. The biomass and primary productivity of tree species ranged from 481-569 t ha-1 and 16.9-20.9 t ha-1yr-1, respectively. Of this, biomass and primary productivity of oak tree species accounted for 81 to 95 and 78 to 98%, respectively. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration ranged from 228 to 270 t ha-1 and 8.0 to 9.9 t ha-1yr-1, respectively. The share of oak tree species ranged from 81 to 94.7 and 79 to 97%, respectively. The diversity of tree species ranged from 0.03 to 0.16 in forest sites-1, 2 and 3. The diversity of oak species was 0.08-0.16 in all the forest sites. Thus it is concluded that among the oak tree species, Quercus floribunda and Quercus leucotrichophora were highly dominated in the studied forests. The climax form of oak dominated trees in the studied forest sites depicted slightly lower richness and diversity of tree species compared to the forests in the region and elsewhere. As far as dry matter and carbon of forests is concerned, these estimates are close to the earlier reports of forests in the region. Therefore, studied forests have the potential to increase the diversity, productivity and carbon sequestration of forest tree species by providing the adequate scientific conservation and management inputs.

scholarly journals Tree Species Composition and Height-diameter Allometry of Three Forest Types in Northern Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuttaluck Khamyong ◽  
◽  
Prasit Wangpakapattanawong ◽  
Sutthathorn Chairuangsri ◽  
Angkhana Inta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Tree Species Composition

scholarly journals Effect of Disturbance Regimes on Spatial Patterns of Tree Species in Three Sites in a Tropical Evergreen Forest in Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Thi Ngoc Le ◽  
Nguyen Van Thinh ◽  
Nguyen The Dung ◽  
Ralph Mitlöhner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Disturbance Regimes ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Disturbed Forest

The effects of disturbance regimes on the spatial patterns of the five most abundant species were investigated in three sites in a tropical forest at Xuan Nha Nature Reserve, Vietnam. Three permanent one-ha plots were established in undisturbed forest (UDF), lightly disturbed forest (LDF), and highly disturbed forest (HDF). All trees ≥5 cm DBH were measured in twenty-five 20 m × 20 m subplots. A total of 57 tree species belonging to 26 families were identified in the three forest types. The UDF had the highest basal area (30 m2 ha−1), followed by the LDF (17 m2 ha−1) and the HDF (13.0 m2 ha−1). The UDF also had the highest tree density (751 individuals ha−1) while the HDF held the lowest (478 individuals ha−1). Across all species, there were 417 “juveniles,” 267 “subadults,” and 67 “adults” in the UDF, while 274 “juveniles,” 230 “subadults,” and 36 “adults” were recorded in the LDF. 238 “juveniles,” 227 “subadults,” and 13 “adults” were obtained in the HDF. The univariate and bivariate data with pair- and mark-correlation functions of intra- and interspecific interactions of the five most abundant species changed in the three forest types. Most species indicated clumping or regular distributions at small scale, but a high ratio of negative interspecific small-scale associations was recorded in both the LDF and HDF sites. These were, however, rare in the UDF.

scholarly journals Tree species diversity impacts average radial growth of beech and oak trees in Belgium, not their long-term growth trend

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Vannoppen ◽  
Vincent Kint ◽  
Quentin Ponette ◽  
Kris Verheyen ◽  
Bart Muys
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Oak Trees

scholarly journals Impact of Non-Timber Forest Product Use on the Tree Community in North-Western Vietnam

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Dao ◽  
Dirk Hölscher
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
North Western

Trees providing non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are valuable forest resources, and their management can support conservation objectives. We analyzed the abundance of tree species providing NTFPs, recognized by local H’mong people, in both the strictly protected core zone and the low-intensity forest use buffer zone in north-western Vietnam. We identified 249 tree species, of which 48% were classified as NTFP species. The abundance of 35% of the NTFP tree species was significantly correlated with footpaths, indicating an influence of human activity. A multiple logistic regression model indicates that using NTFP trees for food, medicine, and root harvesting, increases the probability of an NTFP tree absence in the buffer zone. In contrast, the high density of species, and collections of fruit, leaf, and resin decrease the probability of an NTFP tree absence in the buffer zone. Further assessment with a logistic model indicated that NTFP use has lower impacts on the tree community than timber use. We think that the parameterized models will enable comparisons of different situations and forest types and be particularly helpful in evaluating potential changes in tree communities over time.

Are wild insectivorous birds attracted to methyl-jasmonate-treated Pyrenean oak trees?

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (13-15) ◽  
pp. 945-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Saavedra ◽  
Luisa Amo
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Prey Location ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Herbivore Induced Plant Volatiles

Abstract Plants emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) when they are attacked by herbivorous arthropods to attract natural enemies of the herbivores. Previous studies have suggested that insectivorous birds can detect the HIPVs for prey location. The production of HIPVs is partly mediated by the jasmonic acid signalling pathway. Methyl jasmonate is one compound involved in the jasmonic acid signalling pathway. Therefore, spraying of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) solution on plants can induce the emission of volatiles similar to the HIPVs induced by herbivory. We performed two field experiments to test whether insectivorous adult birds are attracted to Pyrenean oak trees (Quercus pyrenaica) treated with MeJa solutions. We used artificial larvae to measure bird predation rate. There were no differences in the predation rates of plasticine larvae between control and MeJa treatments, suggesting that insectivorous birds were not attracted to trees treated with MeJa. We also tested whether blue tit nestlings without previous experience in foraging respond to the scent of Pyrenean oak tree leaves treated with MeJa, to test whether the attraction to MeJa-treated trees is innate. A similar number of nestlings performed begging responses when exposed to the scent of leaves of MeJa-treated trees compared to the scent of leaves of control untreated trees. Furthermore, the duration of the first begging was similar in response to the volatiles emitted by MeJa-treated trees and untreated trees. Despite previous evidence suggesting that insectivorous birds are attracted to HIPVs, our results show that neither insectivorous adult birds nor inexperienced nestlings were attracted to trees treated with MeJa. Further studies are needed to disentangle whether the differences in the emission of volatiles between herbivore-infested trees and MeJa-treated trees can explain this lack of attraction to MeJa-treated Pyrenean oak trees.

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