scholarly journals Statistical Assessment of Phenol Biodegradation by a Metal-Tolerant Binary Consortium of Indigenous Antarctic Bacteria

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Kavilasni Subramaniam ◽  
Siti Aqlima Ahmad ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Khalilah Abdul Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Phenol Pollution ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Central Composite

Since the heroic age of Antarctic exploration, the continent has been pressurized by multiple anthropogenic activities, today including research and tourism, which have led to the emergence of phenol pollution. Natural attenuation rates are very slow in this region due to the harsh environmental conditions; hence, biodegradation of phenol using native bacterial strains is recognized as a sustainable remediation approach. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of phenol degradation by a binary consortium of Antarctic soil bacteria, Arthrobacter sp. strain AQ5-06, and Arthrobacter sp. strain AQ5-15. Phenol degradation by this co-culture was statistically optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and tolerance of exposure to different heavy metals was investigated under optimized conditions. Analysis of variance of central composite design (CCD) identified temperature as the most significant factor that affects phenol degradation by this consortium, with the optimum temperature ranging from 12.50 to 13.75 °C. This co-culture was able to degrade up to 1.7 g/L of phenol within seven days and tolerated phenol concentration as high as 1.9 g/L. Investigation of heavy metal tolerance revealed phenol biodegradation by this co-culture was completed in the presence of arsenic (As), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) at concentrations of 1.0 ppm, but was inhibited by cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), and mercury (Hg).

Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant Gram-positive bacteria with bioremedial properties from municipal waste rich soil of Kestopur canal (Kolkata), West Bengal, India

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Gupta ◽  
Chitrita Chatterjee ◽  
Bhaskar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacillus Weihenstephanensis

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine the culturable bacterial profile from Kestopur canal (Kolkata, India) and analyze their heavy metal tolerance. In addition to daily sewage including solid and soluble wastes, a considerable load of toxic metals are released into this water body from industries, tanneries and agriculture, household as well as health sectors. Screening out microbes from such an environment was done keeping in mind their multifunctional application especially for bioremediation. Heavy metals are major environmental pollutants when present in high concentration in soil and show potential toxic effects on growth and development in plants and animals. Some edible herbs growing in the canal vicinity, and consumed by people, were found to harbour these heavy metals at sub-toxic levels. The bioconcentration factor of these plants being <1 indicates that they probably only absorb but not accumulate heavy metals. All the thirteen Grampositive bacteria isolated from these plants rhizosphere were found to tolerate high concentration of heavy metals like Co, Ni, Pb, Cr, Fe. Phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rDNA genes revealed that they belonged to one main taxonomic group — the Firmicutes. Seven of them were found to be novel with 92–95% sequence homology with known bacterial strains. Further microbiological analyses show that the alkaliphilic Bacillus weihenstephanensis strain IA1 and Exiguobacterium aestuarii strain CE1, with selective antibiotic sensitivity along with high Ni2+ and Cr6+ removal capabilities, respectively, can be prospective candidates for bioremediation.

scholarly journals Glycine Betaine Accumulation, Significance and Interests for Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Zohaib Abbas ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
İlkay YAVAŞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices

Unexpected biomagnifications and bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in the surrounding environment has become a predicament for all living organisms together with plants. Excessive release of HMs from industrial discharge and other anthropogenic activities has threatened sustainable agricultural practices and limited the overall profitable yield of different plants species. Heavy metals at toxic levels interact with cellular molecules, leading towards the unnecessary generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), restricting productivity and growth of the plants. The application of various osmoprotectants is a renowned approach to mitigate the harmful effects of HMs on plants. In this review, the effective role of glycine betaine (GB) in alleviation of HM stress is summarized. Glycine betaine is very important osmoregulator, and its level varies considerably among different plants. Application of GB on plants under HMs stress successfully improves growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes activities, nutrients uptake, and minimizes excessive heavy metal uptake and oxidative stress. Moreover, GB activates the adjustment of glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents in plants under HM stress. Excessive accumulation of GB through the utilization of a genetic engineering approach can successfully enhance tolerance against stress, which is considered an important feature that needs to be investigated in depth.

Phenol degradation and heavy metal tolerance of Antarctic yeasts

Extremophiles ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Marcelo Fernández ◽  
María Martha Martorell ◽  
Mariana G. Blaser ◽  
Lucas Adolfo Mauro Ruberto ◽  
Lucía Inés Castellanos de Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Antarctic Yeasts

scholarly journals A new Rhodococcus aetherivorans strain isolated from lubricant-contaminated soil as a prospective phenol-biodegrading agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 3611-3625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisiya Nogina ◽  
Marina Fomina ◽  
Tatiana Dumanskaya ◽  
Liubov Zelena ◽  
Lyudmila Khomenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Microbe-based decontamination of phenol-polluted environments has significant advantages over physical and chemical approaches by being relatively cheaper and ensuring complete phenol degradation. There is a need to search for commercially prospective bacterial strains that are resistant to phenol and other co-pollutants, e.g. oil hydrocarbons, in contaminated environments, and able to carry out efficient phenol biodegradation at a variable range of concentrations. This research characterizes the phenol-biodegrading ability of a new actinobacteria strain isolated from a lubricant-contaminated soil environment. Phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel strain UCM Ac-603 belonged to the species Rhodococcus aetherivorans, and phenol degrading ability was quantitatively characterized for the first time. R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-603 tolerated and assimilated phenol (100% of supplied concentration) and various hydrocarbons (56.2–94.4%) as sole carbon sources. Additional nutrient supplementation was not required for degradation and this organism could grow at a phenol concentration of 500 mg L−1 without inhibition. Complete phenol assimilation occurred after 4 days at an initial concentration of 1750 mg L−1 for freely-suspended cells and at 2000 mg L−1 for vermiculite-immobilized cells: 99.9% assimilation of phenol was possible from a total concentration of 3000 mg L−1 supplied at daily fractional phenol additions of 750 mg L−1 over 4 days. In terms of phenol degradation rates, R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-602 showed efficient phenol degradation over a wide range of initial concentrations with the rates (e.g. 35.7 mg L−1 h−1 at 500 mg L−1 phenol, and 18.2 mg L−1 h−1 at 1750 mg L−1 phenol) significantly exceeding (1.2–5 times) reported data for almost all other phenol-assimilating bacteria. Such efficient phenol degradation ability compared to currently known strains and other beneficial characteristics of R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-602 suggest it is a promising candidate for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Optimization of phenol degradation by Antarctic bacterium Rhodococcus sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Athirrah Tengku-Mazuki ◽  
Kavilasni Subramaniam ◽  
Nur Nadhirah Zakaria ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
Khalilah Abdul Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Antarctic Bacterium ◽  
Burman Design ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Plackett Burman Design ◽  
Central Composite

AbstractThis study focused on the ability of the Antarctic bacterium Rhodococcus sp. strain AQ5-14 to survive exposure to and to degrade high concentrations of phenol at 0.5 g l-1. After initial evaluation of phenol-degrading performance, the effects of salinity, pH and temperature on the rate of phenol degradation were examined. The optimum conditions for phenol degradation were pH 7 and 0.4 g l-1 NaCl at a temperature of 25°C (83.90%). An analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) and the Plackett-Burman design identified salinity, pH and temperature as three statistically significant factors influencing phenol degradation. The maximum bacterial growth was observed (optical density at 600 nm = 0.455), with medium conditions of pH 6.5, 22.5°C and 0.47 g l-1 NaCl in the central composite design of the RSM experiments enhancing phenol degradation to 99.10%. A central composite design was then used to examine the interactions among these three variables and to determine their optimal levels. There was excellent agreement (R2 = 0.9785) between experimental and predicted values, with less strong but still good agreement (R2 = 0.8376) between the predicted model values and those obtained experimentally under optimized conditions. Rhodococcus sp. strain AQ5-14 has excellent potential for the bioremediation of phenol.

scholarly journals Role of Bacillus cereus in Improving the Growth and Phytoextractability of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch in Chromium Contaminated Soil

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Noshin Ilyas ◽  
Humaira Yasmin ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Zuhair Hasnain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Phytoextraction Potential

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) mediate heavy metal tolerance and improve phytoextraction potential in plants. The present research was conducted to find the potential of bacterial strains in improving the growth and phytoextraction abilities of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch. in chromium contaminated soil. In this study, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated from heavy metal polluted soil and were screened for their heavy metal tolerance and plant growth promotion potential. The most efficient strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was identified as Bacillus cereus. The isolate also showed the potential to solubilize phosphate and synthesize siderophore, phytohormones (indole acetic acid, cytokinin, and abscisic acid), and osmolyte (proline and sugar) in chromium (Cr+3) supplemented medium. The results of the present study showed that chromium stress has negative effects on seed germination and plant growth in B. nigra while inoculation of B. cereus improved plant growth and reduced chromium toxicity. The increase in seed germination percentage, shoot length, and root length was 28.07%, 35.86%, 19.11% while the fresh and dry biomass of the plant increased by 48.00% and 62.16%, respectively, as compared to the uninoculated/control plants. The photosynthetic pigments were also improved by bacterial inoculation as compared to untreated stress-exposed plants, i.e., increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a + b, and carotenoid was d 25.94%, 10.65%, 20.35%, and 44.30%, respectively. Bacterial inoculation also resulted in osmotic adjustment (proline 8.76% and sugar 28.71%) and maintained the membrane stability (51.39%) which was also indicated by reduced malondialdehyde content (59.53% decrease). The antioxidant enzyme activities were also improved to 35.90% (superoxide dismutase), 59.61% (peroxide), and 33.33% (catalase) in inoculated stress-exposed plants as compared to the control plants. B. cereus inoculation also improved the uptake, bioaccumulation, and translocation of Cr in the plant. Data showed that B. cereus also increased Cr content in the root (2.71-fold) and shoot (4.01-fold), its bioaccumulation (2.71-fold in root and 4.03-fold in the shoot) and translocation (40%) was also high in B. nigra. The data revealed that B. cereus is a multifarious PGPR that efficiently tolerates heavy metal ions (Cr+3) and it can be used to enhance the growth and phytoextraction potential of B. nigra in heavy metal contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Potential for phenol biodegradation in cloud waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (18) ◽  
pp. 5733-5744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Lallement ◽  
Ludovic Besaury ◽  
Elise Tixier ◽  
Martine Sancelme ◽  
Pierre Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Cloud Water ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Main Degradation Product ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Metabolic Screening ◽  
Cloud Medium

Abstract. Phenol is toxic and can be found in many environments, in particular in the atmosphere due to its high volatility. It can be emitted directly from manufacturing processes or natural sources, and it can also result from benzene oxidation. Although phenol biodegradation by microorganisms has been studied in many environments, the cloud medium has not been investigated yet as the discovery of active microorganisms in cloud is rather recent. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of phenol by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations were measured by GC-MS on two cloud samples collected at the PUY station (summit of Puy de Dôme, 1465 m a.s.l., France): they ranged from 0.15 to 0.21 µg L−1. The strategy for investigating its potential biodegradation involved a metatranscriptomic analysis and metabolic screening of bacterial strains from cloud water collected at the PUY station for phenol degradation capabilities (from the 145 tested strains, 33 were isolated for this work). Among prokaryotic messenger RNA-enriched metatranscriptomes obtained from three cloud water samples, which were different from those used for phenol quantification, we detected transcripts of genes coding for enzymes involved in phenol degradation (phenol monooxygenases and phenol hydroxylases) and its main degradation product, catechol (catechol 1,2-dioxygenases). These enzymes were likely from Gammaproteobacteria, a dominant class in clouds, more specifically the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Bacterial isolates from cloud water samples (Pseudomonas spp., Rhodococcus spp., and strains from the Moraxellaceae family) were screened for their ability to degrade phenol: 93 % of the 145 strains tested were positive. These findings highlight the possibility of phenol degradation by microorganisms in clouds. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that phenol could be biodegraded in clouds, while 93 % of 145 bacterial strains isolated from clouds were able to degrade phenol.

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