Assessing the Relative Impacts of Roadkill and Nest Poaching on the Population Viability of the Blue-and-Yellow Macaw, Ara ararauna (Aves: Psittaciformes), in a Brazilian National Park

The blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) is suffering from higher roadkill rates (RK) at the Emas National Park (ENP), an important Brazilian National Park in the Cerrado biome. This species is also a victim of nest poaching for illegal trade. We modeled the blue-and-yellow macaw population’s viability in ENP and how this viability is affected by roadkill and nest poaching. We hereby report that the species is critically at risk and could be extinct in about a decade when considering both threats. Without considering any threat, 150 individuals are necessary to maintain a viable population. When individuals are harvested at a roadkill rate of 0.008 individuals/km/year and at twice this level, the viability figures increase to 4500 and 7500 birds, respectively. For nest poaching, we estimated that 2000 individuals are required to maintain a viable population. When both threats are present, 5000 individuals are necessary. The dynamics of the population are highly sensitive to the age at which females reproduce for the first time and the proportion of reproducing adult females, followed by the rate of adult survival. Our model demonstrates how even a non-threatened highly mobile species, such as the blue-and-yellow macaw, may be at risk due to human activities.

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The revision of lichens, lichenicolous and non-lichenized fungi from the Vodlozersky National Park (Republic of Karelia, Russia) in the Herbarium of the Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2019.53.2.337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 337-348

Author(s):

V. N. Tarasova ◽

T. Ahti ◽

O. Vitikainen ◽

A. V. Sonina ◽

L. Myllys

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Common Species ◽

Lichenized Fungi ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Lichenicolous Fungi ◽

Biogeographic Province ◽

Botanical Museum ◽

The Republic ◽

First Time ◽

Lichen Flora

This is a report of a revision of 565 herbarium specimens of lichens, lichenicolous or non-lichenized fungi and additional locality records of common species produced from a visit of the Russian-Finnish expedition to Vodlozersky National Park right after its foundation in 1991. The analyzed collection and field records represent the earliest information about the lichen flora of the territory of the park. In total, 177 species are listed including 173 lichens, 3 non-lichenized and 1 lichenicolous fungi. Xylographa rubescens is new to the Republic of Karelia. Twenty two species are reported for the first time for biogeographic province Karelia transonegensis; 47 species for the Karelian part of Vodlozersky National Park; and 17 species for the whole territory of the park.

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To the hepatic flora of the Sochi National Park (Western Caucasus)

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2011.45.301 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 301-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. A. Konstantinova ◽

A. N. Savchenko

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Conservation Value ◽

Western Caucasus ◽

The Caucasus ◽

European Species ◽

Red Data Book ◽

Annotated List ◽

New Localities ◽

Data Book ◽

First Time

The annotated list of hepatics of the Sochi National Park includes 80 taxa. It is based on literature records and identification of 250 specimens collected by the authors. Scapania obcordata (Berggr.) S. W. Arnell and Calypogeia fissa (L.) Raddi var. intermedia (C. E. O. Jensen) Jorg. are new for the Caucasus, 17 taxa are new for Krasnodar Territory, 41 hepatics are reported for the first time for the park. New localities of 3 red-listed European species and of 6 species included in the Red Data Book of Krasnodar Territory are cited, indicating significant conservation value of the reserve.

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To the flora of сonjugates (Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae) of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia)

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2014.48.81 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

A. F. Luknitskaya

Keyword(s):

Species Distribution ◽

National Park ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Number Of Species ◽

First Time

76 species, 3 varieties and 1 form from 21 genera of Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae (Actinotaenium, Bambusina, Closterium, Cosmarium, Cylindrocystis, Euastrum, Gonatozygon, Haplotaenium, Micrasterias, Mougeotia, Netrium, Penium, Planotaenium, Pleurotaenium, Raphidiastrum, Spirogyra, Spirotaenia, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus, Tetmemorus, Xanthidium) were found in the basins of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia). The list of species is annotated with data on the species distribution in 55 collecting sites of 29 water bodies of the national park, and species abundance in collected samples according to Luknitskaya (2009). Among above mentioned genera, the genus Cosmarium is represented by the greatest number of species (20). Staurastrum chaetoceros has been found for the first time for the Novgorod Region.

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Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spi-ders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata IVAN L. F. MAGALHÃES & ADALBERTO J. SANTOS (Brazil)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2983 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

IVAN L. F. MAGALHÃES ◽

ADALBERTO J. SANTOS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Adult Males ◽

Development Stages ◽

Brazilian Amazonia ◽

Central Brazil ◽

Adult Females ◽

Two New Species ◽

Senior Synonym ◽

First Time

In this paper, M. yanomami n. sp., from Brazilian Amazonia, Chaetacis bandeirante n. sp., from Central Brazil, and the males of M. gaujoni Simon, 1897 and M. ruschii (Mello-Leitão, 1945) n. comb. , respectively from Ecuador and Brazil, are described and illustrated for the first time. An ontogenetic series of the last development stages of both sexes of Micrathena excavata (C. L. Koch, 1836) is illustrated and briefly described. Adult females are larger and have longer legs and larger abdomens than adult males. Probably females undergo at least one additional moult before adulthood, compared to males. Micrathena ornata Mello-Leitão, 1932 is considered a junior synonym of M. plana (C. L. Koch, 1836), and M. mastonota Mello-Leitão 1940 is synonymized with M. horrida (Taczanowski, 1873). Acrosoma ruschii Mello-Leitão, 1945 is revalidated, transferred to Micrathena and considered a senior synonym of M. cicuta Gonzaga & Santos, 2004. Chaetacis necopinata (Chickering, 1960) is recorded for Brazil for the first time. Chaetacis incisa (Walckenaer, 1841) is considered a nomen dubium.

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The Psychodidae (Diptera) of Jaú National Park (Amazonas, Brazil) with description of two new species of Psychodinae

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.5032.2.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5032 (2) ◽

pp. 275-282

Author(s):

DANILO PACHECO CORDEIRO ◽

KARINA KETHELEN SILVA DE AQUINO ◽

VERACILDA RIBEIRO ALVES

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Insect Fauna ◽

Two New Species ◽

First Time

The Jaú National Park, located in the Amazon, is the largest National Park of Brazil and still its insect fauna is barely known. Herein we describe two new species of Psychodinae, Alepia iy sp. nov. and Parasetomima timmirima sp. nov., and report 19 other species of Psychodidae, subfamilies Phlebotominae, Psychodinae and Trichomyiinae collected from this Conservation Unit. Micrommatos Quate & Brown, represented by M. stephaniae Quate & Brown, and Platyplastinx culmosus Quate & Brown are recorded for the first time for Brazil. Among the collected phlebotomine sand fly species, three species have previously been implicated in transmission of Leishmania: Nyssomyia anduzei (Rozeboom), Psychodopygus ayrozai (Barretto & Coutinho) and Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis (Mangabeira).

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Epibionts on Hydraena species (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) from high mountain rivers of Pyrenees (Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park), with the description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4317.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4317 (1) ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

GREGORIO FERNÁNDEZ-LEBORANS ◽

MARÍA VALLADOLID ◽

MERCEDES ARAUZO ◽

ANDRÉS MILLÁN ◽

REGINA GABILONDO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

High Mountain ◽

Mountain Rivers ◽

Ecological Characteristics ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

Macroinvertebrate samples collected during spring-summer 2013 in high mountain rivers of the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park (Pyrenees) contained several Hydraena species (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) where we found two genera of suctorian ciliates as epibionts: Tokophrya and Discophrya. The individuals of the genus Tokophrya probably belong to species Tokophrya stenostyla, being the first time that this species is observed attached on arthropods. Suctorians of the genus Discophrya were identified as a new species called Discophrya ordesae sp. n. The presence and abundance of epibionts was discussed in the frame of the biological and ecological characteristics of the species of Hydraena where they were found.

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Intramolecular photoinitiator induced atom transfer radical polymerization for electrochemical DNA detection

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/c9an02018g ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 145 (3) ◽

pp. 858-864

Author(s):

Ligang Ma ◽

Qianrui Liu ◽

Lihe Jian ◽

Shan Ye ◽

Xiaoke Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽

Radical Polymerization ◽

Electrochemical Biosensor ◽

Dna Detection ◽

Atom Transfer ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Electrochemical Dna Detection ◽

First Time

A novel electrochemical biosensor was reported for the first time to achieve highly sensitive DNA detection based on photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP).

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Analysis of free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine in human plasma by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method that avoids nitration artifacts

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj3450453 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 345 (3) ◽

pp. 453-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Matthew T. FROST ◽

Barry HALLIWELL ◽

Kevin P. MOORE

Keyword(s):

Reactive Nitrogen Species ◽

Plasma Proteins ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Acidic Conditions ◽

First Time

Measurement of nitrotyrosine in biological fluids and tissues is increasingly being used to monitor the production of reactive nitrogen species in vivo. The detection of nitrotyrosine in vivo has been reported with the use of a variety of methods including immunoassay, HPLC and GLC/MS. The validity of HPLC and immunoassays have been questioned with regard to their selectivity and sensitivity limits. In principle, the measurement of nitrotyrosine by GLC/MS permits a highly specific, highly sensitive and fully quantitative assay. The nitration of tyrosine under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite is well documented. Derivatization for the full quantification of nitrotyrosine by using GLC/MS can lead to the artifactual nitration of tyrosine if performed under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite. We describe a novel alkaline method for the hydrolysis and derivatization of nitrotyrosine and tyrosine, and demonstrate its applicability to the measurement of plasma concentrations of both free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine and tyrosine. A detection limit of 1 pg for nitrotyrosine and 100 pg for tyrosine has been achieved. Our method allows, for the first time, the analysis of free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine and tyrosine in biological samples. The plasma concentrations (means±S.E.M.) of free tyrosine and nitrotyrosine in eight normal subjects were 12±0.6 μg/ml and 14±0.7 ng/ml respectively. Plasma proteins contained tyrosine and nitrotyrosine at 60.7±1.7 μg/mg and 2.7±0.4 ng/mg respectively.

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New species, records, and immature stages of Chimarra Stephens (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) from Campos Amazônicos National Park, northern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4500.2.6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4500 (2) ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

GLEISON ROBSON DESIDÉRIO ◽

PATRIK BARCELOS-SILVA ◽

NEUSA HAMADA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Aquatic Insects ◽

National Park ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Male Adult ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Amazonas State ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

Campos Amazônicos National Park is a federal conservation unit that contains part of the largest Cerrado refuge in the southern part of Brazilian Amazonia. Recently, during a survey of aquatic insects in the park, specimens of the caddisfly genus Chimarra were collected. The primary objective of this paper, as a result of this effort, is to describe and illustrate the male adult of a new species in Chimarra (Chimarrita), Chimarra singularis sp. nov., and the immature stages of Chimarra usitatissima Flint 1971. Additionally, the distributions of C.(Chimarrita) akantha Blahnik 1997 and C. (Curgia) jugescens Flint 1998 are extended to the southern part of Amazonas state, and C. (Chimarrita) heppneri Blahnik 1997 is recorded for the first time in northern Brazil.

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Notes on wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo population trends during a drought in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v38i1.309 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M.G.L. Mills

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Kruger National Park ◽

Population Trends ◽

Adult Survival ◽

Panthera Leo ◽

Lycaon Pictus ◽

Drought Period ◽

In The Wild ◽

High Predation ◽

Wild Dog

Wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo populations in the Kruger National Park appeared to undergo an increase during a drought period in the early 1990s. Newly established packs, high adult survival and pup productivity contributed to an increase in the wild dog population and evidence for high predation success during the height of the drought is presented. An increase in the lion density between 1989 and 1993 on the northern basalt plains, as well as changes in the structure of the population, seem to be related to changes in prey populations, particularly to a decline in numbers and condition of buffalo Syncerus cafer.

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