Towards the Fulfillment of a Knowledge Gap: Wood Densities for Species of the Subtropical Atlantic Forest

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Laio Zimermann Oliveira ◽  
Heitor Felippe Uller ◽  
Aline Renata Klitzke ◽  
Jackson Roberto Eleotério ◽  
Alexander Christian Vibrans
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
State Level ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Global Database ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Data Tables ◽  
Wood Science

Wood density ( ρ ) is a trait involved in forest biomass estimates, forest ecology, prediction of stand stability, wood science, and engineering. Regardless of its importance, data on ρ are scarce for a substantial number of species of the vast Atlantic Forest phytogeographic domain. Given that, the present paper describes a dataset composed of three data tables: (i) determinations of ρ (kg m−3) for 153 species growing in three forest types within the subtropical Atlantic Forest, based on wood samples collected throughout the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil; (ii) a list of 719 tree/shrub species observed by a state-level forest inventory and a ρ value assigned to each one of them based on local determinations and on a global database; (iii) the means and standard deviations of ρ for 477 permanent sample plots located in the subtropical Atlantic Forest, covering ∼95,000 km2. The mean ρ over the 153 sampled species is 538.6 kg m−3 (standard deviation = 120.5 kg m−3), and the mean ρ per sample plot, considering the three forest types, is 525.0 kg m−3 (standard error = 1.8 kg m−3). The described dataset has potential to underpin studies on forest biomass, forest ecology, alternative uses of timber resources, as well as to enlarge the coverage of global datasets.

scholarly journals The impact of nonresponse in different survey stages on the precision of prevalence estimates for multi-stage survey studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Ma ◽  
Sophie Rosenberg ◽  
Alexander M. Kaizer
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
State Level ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Nonresponse Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective While it is known that nonresponse might produce biased results and impair the precision of results in survey research studies, the pattern of the impact on the precision of estimates due to the nonresponse in different survey stages is historically overlooked. Having this type of information is essential when creating recruitment plans. This study proposes to examine and compare the effect of nonresponse in different stages on the precision of prevalence estimates in multi-stage survey studies. Based on data from a state level survey, a simulation approach was used to generate datasets with different nonresponse rates in three stages. The margin of error was then compared between the datasets with nonresponse at three different survey stages for 12 outcomes. Results At the same nonresponse rate, the mean margin of error was greater for the data with nonresponse at higher stages. Additionally, as the nonresponse rate increased, precision was more inflated within the data with higher stage nonresponse. This suggests that the effort used to recruit the primary sampling units is more crucial to improve the precision of estimates in multi-stage survey studies.

scholarly journals The context of the size and distance of Atlantic Forest fragments in a small city in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e46936
Author(s):  
Matheus Bueno Patrício ◽  
José Hilário Delconte Ferreira ◽  
Edivando Vitor do Couto
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Small City ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
The Mean

The Atlantic Forest is highly anthropized, this reduce the areas of native vegetation and impacts the biodiversity of the biome. The objective of this study is to analyze forest remnants with native vegetation characteristics using a free GIS. This analysis takes place using landscape metrics and was based on the supervised vectorization of land use in the municipality of California, PR. The area of the vectored polygons was obtained and a classified, and then the calculation was made with the nearest neighbor index, mean distance observed, Patton diversity index and the perimeter/area ratio of forest fragments. The results show that most of the fragments have an area smaller than 1 ha, the fragments with more significant area (<50 ha) represent more than 16% of the native vegetation area. The small fragments are important to maintain the connectivity, since the withdrawal of these increases the mean distance observed and nearest neighbor index. Most of the fragments are elongated and amorphous in accordance with the perimeter/area ratio and the Patton diversity index respectively, this may demonstrate the fragments may be subject to edge effects. Even with these characteristics, these fragments may be part of what is planned in public policy for preservation in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Paraná. Therefore, even small fragments with little core area are important for maintaining biodiversity, especially in a highly anthropogenic landscape

scholarly journals Québec forest ecological classification program

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Bergeron ◽  
Jean-Pierre Saucier ◽  
Denis Robert ◽  
André Robitaille
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Ecological Classification ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Surface Deposit

In 1986, the ministère des Forêts du Québec instituted a provincial program to study forest ecosystems entitled the "Forest Ecological Classification (FEC) Program." Under this program, a multidisciplinary team was charged with conducting ecological surveys, analyzing and characterizing the variables of the physical environment, classifying vegetation and preparing integrated forest inventory maps. Their goal is to complete the ecological classification of the forests in all territories south of the 52nd parallel. To undertake such a vast project, it was necessary to prepare detailed methodological guides for data collection, data analysis and mapping. The following products are now available for many different ecological regions: classifications of forest types, toposequences, physiographic and surface deposit maps and integrated forest inventory maps. Multivariate analysis methods are used in analyzing ecological data; in this way, hierarchical classifications and ordinations can be used as the basis for identifying and describing forest types, vegetation-physical environment relationships and successional patterns. Such ecological classification products are an indispensable tool for forest managers and users. Key words: ecological classification, forest ecology, forest management, forest site classification, multivariate analysis, physical environment, Québec.

scholarly journals The erosion of biodiversity and biomass in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. F. de Lima ◽  
Alexandre A. Oliveira ◽  
Gregory R. Pitta ◽  
André L. de Gasper ◽  
Alexander C. Vibrans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractTropical forests are being deforested worldwide, and the remaining fragments are suffering from biomass and biodiversity erosion. Quantifying this erosion is challenging because ground data on tropical biodiversity and biomass are often sparse. Here, we use an unprecedented dataset of 1819 field surveys covering the entire Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. We show that 83−85% of the surveys presented losses in forest biomass and tree species richness, functional traits, and conservation value. On average, forest fragments have 25−32% less biomass, 23−31% fewer species, and 33, 36, and 42% fewer individuals of late-successional, large-seeded, and endemic species, respectively. Biodiversity and biomass erosion are lower inside strictly protected conservation units, particularly in large ones. We estimate that biomass erosion across the Atlantic Forest remnants is equivalent to the loss of 55−70 thousand km2 of forests or US$2.3−2.6 billion in carbon credits. These figures have direct implications on mechanisms of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals State Trends in HIV Testing Among US Adults Aged 18-64 Years, 2011-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
Amy Krueger ◽  
Christopher Johnson ◽  
Janet Heitgerd ◽  
Deesha Patel ◽  
Norma Harris
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
State Level ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence

Objectives HIV testing identifies persons living with HIV and can lead to treatment, decreased risk behaviors, and reduced transmission. The objective of our study was to describe state-level trends in HIV testing in the general US adult population aged 18-64 years, for both ever tested for HIV and tested for HIV in the previous 12 months. Methods Using 2011-2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we estimated the percentage of the state population, plus the District of Columbia, aged 18-64 years ever tested for HIV and tested for HIV in the previous 12 months. The 50 states and the District of Columbia were grouped according to the estimated prevalence of HIV in 2011. We used orthogonal contrasts to calculate P values for linear trends. Results The percentage of the population ever tested for HIV increased significantly in 23 states during 2011-2017, whereas the percentage tested for HIV in the previous 12 months increased significantly in 8 states. In 2017, the mean percentage ever tested for HIV in states with a high prevalence of HIV was 8.6 percentage points higher than the mean percentage in states with a low prevalence of HIV (48.5% vs 39.9%); the mean increase in the percentage ever tested was highest (11.4%) in states with a low prevalence of HIV. Conclusion Enhanced efforts by states to make HIV testing simple, accessible, and routine are needed to reduce the number of persons who are not aware of their infection.

How promptly nonindustrial private forest landowners regenerate their lands after harvest: a duration analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2109-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Sun ◽  
Ian A. Munn ◽  
Changyou Sun ◽  
Anwar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Duration Analysis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Landowners ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nonindustrial Private Forest ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Private Forest Landowners

Understanding factors that influence how promptly landowners regenerate their timberlands after harvest, if at all, is critical to developing policies to improve forest productivity. Mississippi forest landowners with over 100 acres (1 acre = 0.404 ha) of forestland were surveyed in 2006 to collect harvest and regeneration data from 1996 to 2006. This study investigated the length of the time interval between harvest and reforestation. Nonparametric duration analysis was used to examine how long nonindustrial private forest landowners waited to reforest after harvesting. Parametric duration analysis was used to examine factors that influenced the length of this period. The mean time elapsed from harvest to regeneration was 11 months for landowners that regenerated their lands. The instantaneous probability of regeneration reached its highest value in the 16th month after harvest and, thereafter, decreased steadily until the 28th month, after which the probability of regeneration was essentially nil. Interest in timber production, employing a consultant, and ownerships that were predominantly pine forest types were factors associated with substantially shorter reforestation times. Lower stumpage prices and higher reforestation costs were associated with substantially longer reforestation times.

scholarly journals The importance of riparian forest for the maintenance of bird species richness in an Atlantic Forest remnant, southern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz dos Anjos ◽  
Graziele H. Volpato ◽  
Edson V. Lopes ◽  
Patrícia P. Serafini ◽  
Fabíola Poletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Upland Forest ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Forest Remnant

We compared the composition and guild structure of bird communities of riparian and upland forest in an Atlantic forest reserve, the Godoy State Park (GP), in northern Paraná State, southern Brazil. Unlimited distance point counts were sampled monthly from September-December 2001, along four trails. Two trails in upland forest (TA and TB) were parallel to each other and about 300 m apart. Two trails in riparian forest (TC and TD) were along the Apertados River, about 100 m away from the river. A total of 145 species were recorded: 81 species were recorded in both upland and riparian forests, 19 species were recorded only in upland forest and 45 species were recorded exclusively in riparian forest. Among the 81 species occurring in both forest types, 18 species had significantly higher numbers of contacts in the riparian forest while only 8 species had significantly higher numbers of contacts in the upland forest. Taking into account the contacts numbers of the species the large frugivores guild was closely associated to the upland forest, while bamboo and vine-tangles insectivore, canopy insectivores, edge omnivores, ground omnivore and midstory insectivores were those more closely related to the riparian forest.

scholarly journals Variations in the abundance of three Parulidae species in the southern portion of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, state of Paraná

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Cássius R. Santana ◽  
Gabriela M. Bochio ◽  
Luiz dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Forest Strata ◽  
The Difference

We evaluated the distribution of abundance of three species of warblers in the southern portion of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF): Tropical Parula (Parula pitiayumi), the Golden-Crowned Warbler (Basileuterus culicivorus) and the White-Rimmed Warbler (Basileuterus leucoblepharus). Three types of forests comprise this region of the Atlantic Forest: seasonal semi-deciduous forest (SF), mixed rain forest (MF) and dense rain forest (DF). These forest types occur at different elevations: SF ranging from 200 to 800 m, MF ranging from 800 to 1,200 m and DF ranging from sea level up to 2,000 m. We used point counts in fifteen study areas distributed in the three forest types. The White-Rimmed Warbler and the Tropical Parula had higher abundances in MF, and their abundance was positively correlated with the elevation. The Golden-Crowned Warbler did not present a significant difference in abundance among the forest types, and no correlation between abundance and elevation was found. We suggest that the difference in the occupancy of the forest strata by the Golden-Crowned Warbler is because this species is more generalist and thus less sensitive to variations in the vegetation structure among the forests types when compared to the other two warbler species.

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