scholarly journals Intersection Sight Distance Characteristics of Turbo Roundabouts

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Akshay Salwan ◽  
Said M. Easa ◽  
Narayana Raju ◽  
Shriniwas Arkatkar
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mathematical Formulas ◽  
Lateral Clearance ◽  
Intersection Geometry ◽  
Mathematical Characteristics

A turbo roundabout uses spiral circulatory roads for effectively counteracting the problems faced in modern multilane roundabouts. First developed in 1996, the turbo roundabout has an advantage over the conventional roundabout regarding capacity and safety. Turbo roundabouts are still in the developing phase in North America, but even in the European subcontinent where they exist in large numbers, reliable analytical studies on the critical parameters of roundabout visibility are lacking. Visibility (sight distance) helps to shape the geometry of the intersection and aids in safety. This paper presents the mathematical characteristics of the intersection geometry and intersection sight distance (ISD) of the turbo roundabout. Mathematical formulas are presented for the sight distance from the approaching vehicle to the conflicting-entering and circulating vehicles. The maximum lateral clearances to the conflicting vehicles are derived using mathematical optimization. The developed analytical method is verified graphically using AutoCAD. To assist in practical applications, design aids for the maximum lateral clearance are presented. The presented method and design aids should aid in promoting safety at turbo roundabouts.

An Interesting Attractant for Priacma serrata (Lee), (Cupesidae: Coleoptera)

1957 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Atkins
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Rotten Wood ◽  
Rotting Wood ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Trinity

On the warm morning of May 27, 1956 at the Trinity Valley field station near Lumby, B.C., some laundry hanging out to dry attracted large numbers of a strange Cerambycid-like beetle. Closer examination showed this insect to be Priacma serrata (Lec.) of the family Cupesidae (Fig. 1), an interesting and infrequently collected species.The family Cupesidae seems to have no economic importance, having only two genera and five species in North America that have been described (Blatchley, 1910). The larvae are reported to live in rotten wood; dissection of some adults collected at this time produced an entirely empty and deflated gut. The females and larvae of the closely related Micromalthus debilis Lec. are found in rotting wood in North America and were reported from decaying mine timbers far under ground in Johannesburg.

The genesis of international mass migration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Richards
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Common ◽  
Over Time

Very large numbers of people began to depart the British Isles for the New Worlds after about 1770. This was a pioneering movement, a rehearsal for modern international migration. This book contends that emigration history is not seamless, that it contains large shifts over time and place, and that the modern scale and velocity of mobility have very particular historical roots. The Isle of Man is an ideal starting point in the quest for the engines and mechanisms of emigration, and a particular version of the widespread surge in British emigration in the 1820s. West Sussex was much closer to the centres of the expansionary economy in the new age. North America was the earliest and the greatest theatre of oceanic emigration in which the methods of mass migration were pioneered. Landlocked Shropshire experienced some of the earliest phases of British industrialisation, notably in the Ironbridge/Coalbrookdale district, deep inland on the River Severn. The turmoil in the agrarian and demographic foundations of life reached across the British archipelago. In West Cork and North Tipperary, there was clear evidence of the great structural changes that shook the foundations of these rural societies. The book also discusses the sequences and effects of migration in Wales, Swaledale, Cornwall, Kent, London, and Scottish Highlands. It also deals with Ireland’s place in the more generic context of the origins of migration from the British Isles. The common historical understanding is that the pre-industrial population of the British Isles had been held back by Malthusian checks.

The Nature of Jewish Studies

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Jewish Studies ◽  
Academic Careers ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Small Base ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S

The recognition of Jewish studies as an area of knowledge worthy of research and teaching in universities is a quite recent phenomenon. From an exceedingly small base in the first half of the twentieth century, the subject has now burgeoned. The great centres for research and teaching reflect the main contemporary centres of the Jewish population, Israel and North America, but Jewish studies are also now taught in other countries where Jews live in large numbers. This explosion of interest, particularly since the 1960s, has led to a massive increase in the number of scholars for whom research in Jewish studies forms a significant part of their academic careers. The discoveries and assertions of scholars about aspects of Jewish culture and the Jewish past are as influential in moulding the Jewish self-consciousness of secular diaspora Jews as the writings of Zionist academics have been in the creation of Israeli identity.

Lithocolletis blancardella Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) on Apple in Eastern North America with Notes on Other Species Occurring on Rosaceae

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Stultz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Large Numbers

AbstractA spotted tentiform leaf miner, often present during recent years in large numbers in apple orchards in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, is identified as Lithocolletis blancardella Fabr., a species common on apples in Europe. Recent collecting indicates that the species occurs widely in Eastern Canada and the northeastern United States. Diagnostic characters, especially those of the male genitalia, are compared with those of specimens identified as L. crataegella Clem. and L. propinquinella Braun, two similar species which commonly occur on apple and black cherry respectively.

Grammar, Contact and Time

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Mithun
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Striking Parallelism

AbstractA continuing issue in work on language contact has been determining the relative borrowability of various structural features. It is easy to imagine, for example, how a tendency to use particular word order patterns in one language might be replicated by bilinguals in another, but difficult to understand how abstract morphological structures could be transferred. When we look at linguistic areas, however, we often find grammatical features shared by genetically unrelated languages that seem unborrowable. Here we consider the importance of adding the dimension of time to investigations into the potential effects of contact. As a point of departure we examine a relatively straightforward example from western North America, a striking parallelism in verbal structure among large numbers of languages indigenous to California. The example illustrates the fact that parallel grammatical structures in neighboring languages need not have been borrowed in their current form. They might instead be the result of an earlier transfer of patterns of expression that set the stage for subsequent parallel developments.

Properties and Applications of Dry-Spun Carbon Nanotube Yarns

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken R. Atkinson ◽  
Chris Skourtis ◽  
S.R. Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
State Process ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Technical Interest ◽  
Reliable Methods

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of great technical interest because of their high strength (~37 GPa), good electrical conductivity, excellent thermal conductivity (3 000 W m-1K-1), and good thermal stability at both low and high temperatures. A difficulty has been absence of reliable methods of controlling assembly of the large numbers of CNTs required for practical applications. We have developed, in collaboration with our partners at the NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, a solid-state process for spinning CNTs into yarns without the use of binders that usually degrade the electrical and thermal conductivities. The singles yarns were twisted together to give coarser (multi-stranded) stronger yarns that were knitted using a miniature 5-needle machine. Mechanical and electrical properties of the yarns and knitted tubes were assessed simultaneously using specially developed test equipment. Some specific applications under investigation include using the CNT yarns as incandescent and x-ray filaments, as electrodes for biomedical applications, and as composites with high toughness. Tests show the biocompatibility of the CNT yarns for selected cell lines is high.

NEWLY DETECTED EXOTIC SPECIES OF XYLEBORUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) WITH A REVISED KEY TO SPECIES IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Atkinson ◽  
Robert J. Rabaglia ◽  
Donald E. Bright
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Large Numbers

AbstractTwo exotic species of Xyleborus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) of Asian origin have recently been detected in the United States. Xyleborus pelliculosus Eichhoff has been collected in Pennsylvania and Maryland, and X. atratus Eichhoff from Tennessee, Georgia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. Descriptions of both species and a revised, illustrated key to members of the genus Xyleborus in eastern North America are presented. An explanation is proposed for the large numbers of recent introductions of exotic ambrosia beetles from eastern Asia into eastern North America.

scholarly journals Climatic dipoles drive two principal modes of North American boreal bird irruption

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (21) ◽  
pp. E2795-E2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay Strong ◽  
Benjamin Zuckerberg ◽  
Julio L. Betancourt ◽  
Walter D. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Seed Eating ◽  
One Year ◽  
Seed Crops

Pine Siskins exemplify normally boreal seed-eating birds that can be sparse or absent across entire regions of North America in one year and then appear in large numbers the next. These dramatic avian “irruptions” are thought to stem from intermittent but broadly synchronous seed production (masting) in one year and meager seed crops in the next. A prevalent hypothesis is that widespread masting in the boreal forest at high latitudes is driven primarily by favorable climate during the two to three consecutive years required to initiate and mature seed crops in most conifers. Seed production is expensive for trees and is much reduced in the years following masting, driving boreal birds to search elsewhere for food and overwintering habitat. Despite this plausible logic, prior efforts to discover climate-irruption relationships have been inconclusive. Here, analysis of more than 2 million Pine Siskin observations from Project FeederWatch, a citizen science program, reveals two principal irruption modes (North-South and West-East), both of which are correlated with climate variability. The North-South irruption mode is, in part, influenced by winter harshness, but the predominant climate drivers of both modes manifest in the warm season as continental-scale pairs of oppositely signed precipitation and temperature anomalies (i.e., dipoles). The climate dipoles juxtapose favorable and unfavorable conditions for seed production and wintering habitat, motivating a push-pull paradigm to explain irruptions of Pine Siskins and possibly other boreal bird populations in North America.

scholarly journals Cannabis sativa as a Host of Rice Root Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Cranshaw ◽  
Suzanne Wainwright-Evans
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
North America ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Cosmopolitan Species ◽  
Large Numbers

Abstract Rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki), is a cosmopolitan species widespread in North America. Most records of this insect are of its association with roots of grasses and sedges, but known hosts also include numerous broadleaved plants both grown outdoors and in greenhouses. Indoor grown Cannabis sativa L., particularly when intensively grown for marijuana production, has also emerged as a common host for this insect in the United States and Canada. On this crop, it has an anholocyclic life cycle where it is almost entirely found in association with plant roots. Colonization of new plants is largely by alate forms that may emerge from soil in large numbers as plants near maturity.

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