scholarly journals Early Confirmation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection by Two Short-Term Serologic IgM Examination

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Ha Eun Jeon ◽  
Hyun Mi Kang ◽  
Eun Ae Yang ◽  
Hye Young Han ◽  
Seung Beom Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serologic Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Patient Selection Bias ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

The aim of the present study is to re-evaluate the clinical application of two-times serologic immunoglobulin M (IgM) tests using microparticle agglutination assay (MAA), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in diagnosing Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection. A retrospective analysis of 62 children with MP pneumonia during a recent epidemic (2019–2020) was conducted. The MAA and ELISA immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG measurements were conducted twice at admission and around discharge, and MP PCR once at presentation. Diagnostic rates in each test were calculated at presentation and at discharge. The seroconverters were 39% (24/62) of patients tested by MAA and 29% (18/62) by ELISA. At presentation, the diagnostic positive rates of MAA, ELISA, and PCR tests were 61%, 71%, and 52%, respectively. After the second examination, the rates were 100% in both serologic tests. There were positive correlations between the titers of MAA and the IgM values of ELISA. The single serologic IgM or PCR tests had limitations to select patients infected with MP in the early stage. The short-term, paired IgM serologic tests during hospitalization can reduce patient-selection bias in MP infection studies.

Fatal Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in an Adolescent

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali S. Khan ◽  
Thomas G. Ksiazek ◽  
Sherif R. Zaki ◽  
Stuart T. Nichol ◽  
Pierre E. Rollin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sin Nombre Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a recently recognized viral zoonosis characterized by a febrile prodrome progressing to severe noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.1-4 This syndrome is caused by at least three newly described hantaviruses: the first, Sin Nombre virus, is the Southwestern hantavirus that caused an outbreak of respiratory failure during the summer of 1993; the second, Black Creek Canal virus, caused a case of HPS in Florida; and the third hantavirus was identified in lung tissue from a patient in Louisiana. Diagnosis is by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serology with elevated immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers against heterologous and homologous hantaviral antigens, positive immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed tissue, or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of hantaviral nucleotide sequence from frozen tissue.

Viral Causes of Acute Febrile Jaundice in Selected Provinces of Zambia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boniface Kabungo ◽  
AaroAyato Takada ◽  
Masahiro Kajihara ◽  
Akina Mori ◽  
Katendi Changula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Febrile Jaundice

Abstract Background Following the yellow fever (YF) risk assessment conducted in 2013, Ministry of Health in collaboration with WHO successfully implemented YF case based surveillance among the YF suspects in the high risk areas of Zambia. To date, none of the patients has been confirmed as a case of YF and the epidemiology of flavi-viruses has not been comprehensively investigated in Zambia. As YF may be hardly distinguished clinically from other febrile diseases, because early in the clinical course YF may appear similar to other diseases but YF will diverge clinically as the disease course progresses. This study was designed to investigate the viral causes of febrile jaundice among YF suspects in selected provinces of Zambia. Method We conducted a retrospective study on 93 archived serum samples previously collected from patients meeting a case definition of YF suspect from January 2014 to July 2015 presented in selected health facilities. Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, West Nile, pan Flavivirus, and Hepatitis A viruses were tested by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT_PCR) and Hepatitis B virus using PCR, while Hepatitis C and Hepatitis E viruses were tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Samples were also tested for YF and dengue fever (DF) antibodies using in-house immunoglobulin M enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ig M ELISA) and immunoglobulin M rapid test respectively. STATA version 12 was used for data analysis. Results Fourteen percent (13/93) of the serum samples were identified as YF IgM positive. None of the samples tested positive for DF IgM ELISA. All 93 serum samples tested negative for the flaviviruses by RT-PCR. However, 8.6% (8/93) showed acute Hepatitis A and 2/20 (10%) of pooled sera tested positive for HBV. The median age of patients with Hepatitis A was 9.5 years old and for those without evidence of HAV infection was 19 years old. Approximately 85 (91.4%) of patients had acute diseases of unknown origin. Conclusion The study revealed that YF IgM was prevalent among study participants. However, the causes of fever and jaundice in Zambia may include viral hepatitis and needs to be considered if flaviviral diseases are suspected.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and asthma in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surinder Kumar ◽  
Ruma Dev Roy ◽  
GR Sethi ◽  
Sanjeev R Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Asthma Group ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection ◽  
Group 1

A clinical association between exacerbation of asthma symptoms and Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( M. pneumoniae) infection has long been suspected. We studied 80 children aged 5–15 years; 50 with asthma (Group 1) and 30 without an acute exacerbation of asthma (Group 2) for detection of M. pneumoniae by serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on nasopharyngeal aspirates. Our study confirms that lower respiratory tract infections with M. pneumoniae are frequently associated with exacerbations of asthma in children.

Comparison of Nucleic Acid Amplification and IgM Tests for the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children During a Recent Korean Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Young Lee ◽  
Seunghwan Sul ◽  
Jeong Young Lee ◽  
Mi-Na Kim ◽  
Jinho Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

Abstract Objective In the absence of standardized methods for Mycoplasma pneumoniae detection, we evaluated the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and IgM assays for detecting M. pneumoniae infection in children during a recent Korean outbreak. Methods The diagnostic performances of PCR and IgM assays for M. pneumoniae in 1,109 clinical specimens were evaluated by the Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) scoring system as an interim reference standard. Results The level of agreement between both tests was fair. As analyzed by the JRS scoring system, the sensitivity of PCR was 45.2% in the group aged <5 years, 86.8% in the group aged 5 years to 10 years group, and 72.2% in the group aged 10 years to 18 years; the sensitivity of the IgM assay was 66.8%, 71.4%, and 55.6% in each group, respectively. Conclusion The sensitivity of PCR is relatively low but is superior to that of IgM assays such that diagnostic performance can be improved by both test methods in patients aged <5 years.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin and Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Milk of Gestational Diabetic Mothers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Jolanta Lis-Kuberka ◽  
Marta Berghausen-Mazur ◽  
Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Care ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of having a high-care newborn and has an impact on maternal wellbeing. This study aimed to assess the effect of GDM on the lactoferrin (LF), secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations in early colostrum, colostrum, and transitional milk samples of hyperglycemic (n = 53) and normoglycemic (n = 49) mothers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The concentrations of milk lactoferrin and SIgA, but not IgG and IgM, from hyperglycemic and normoglycemic mothers, showed a similar negative correlation with lactation from the first to the fifteenth day. Apart from early colostral IgG, there were no differences in concentrations of LF and immunoglobulins in milk from hyperglycemic and normoglycemic mothers. For hyperglycemia compensated by diet (GDM G1) or insulin treatment (GDM G2), slight differences were seen for LF and IgG, but not for SIgA and IgM, during an early stage of lactation only. Early colostral IgG and colostral LF of insulin-treated mothers were higher (10.01 ± 4.48 mg/L and 11.50 ± 0.58 g/L, respectively) than for diet-control diabetic mothers (7.65 ± 5.67 mg/L and 8.05 ± 1.38 g/L, respectively). GDM of mothers does not have a significant impact on immunological quality of early milk.

scholarly journals Rhabdomyolysis: An Unusual Presentation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in an Adult—A Case Report and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Kaler ◽  
Osama Mukhtar ◽  
Bilal Khan ◽  
Binav Shrestha ◽  
Ravinder Kaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Mycoplasma Infection ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intravenous Hydration ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, and many extrapulmonary manifestations have been described, but rhabdomyolysis is infrequently reported in adults. Of the few cases that have been reported in adults, it was almost exclusively seen when pneumonia was present. We report a case of a 30-year-old male who came in with complaints of fever and myalgia for three days. Immunoglobulin M antibodies for Mycoplasma pneumoniae were positive and trending up, despite having no radiographic evidence of pneumonia on chest X-ray or CT scan. He was treated successfully with levofloxacin and intravenous hydration. Later, his condition was clinically and biochemically improved, and he was discharged. Our patient did not present with typical respiratory tract symptoms of a mycoplasma infection. In addition, there was an absence of pneumonia on imaging, suggesting that rhabdomyolysis secondary to mycoplasma might be underdiagnosed and go untreated in the setting of low clinical suspicion. Upon review of the literature, there is only one other case of mycoplasma infection where rhabdomyolysis occurred in the absence of pneumonia. However, the degree of rhabdomyolysis in our case was much more severe. Although rare, when faced with rhabdomyolysis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae should be kept as a differential diagnosis even in the absence of pneumonia on radiological imaging.

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