scholarly journals Relationship between Retinal Microvasculature, Cardiovascular Risk and Silent Brain Infarction in Hypertensive Patients

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Rosa Forés ◽  
Josep M. Manresa ◽  
Victor M. López-Lifante ◽  
Antonio Heras ◽  
Pilar Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Silent Brain Infarction ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The aims of this study are to analyze the role of artery-vein ratio AVR assessment using VesselMap 2 software (Imedos Systems) and cardiovascular risk evaluation by means of REGICOR in the prediction of silent brain infarction (SBI) in middle-age hypertensive patients from the ISSYS study. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 695 patients with hypertension aged 50 to 70 years who participated in the project Investigating Silent Strokes in HYpertensives: a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (ISSYS), was conducted in two Primary Care Centres of Barcelona. Participants agreed to a retinography and an MRI to detect silent brain infarction (SBI). The IMEDOS software was used for the semiautomatic caliber measurement of retinal arteries and veins, and the AVR was considered abnormal when <0.66. The REGICOR score was calculated for all patients. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of AVR and REGICOR scores on SBI. The OR (odds ratio) for a high REGICOR score and an abnormal AVR were 3.16 and 4.45, respectively. When analysing the interaction of both factors, the OR of an abnormal AVR and moderate REGICOR score was 3.27, whereas with a high REGICOR score it reached 13.07. Conclusions: The measurement of AVR in patients with hypertension and with a high REGICOR score can contribute to the detection of silent brain infarction.

Analisis Faktor Determinan yang berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Rekomendasi Modifikasi Gaya Hidup Pasien Hipertensi

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Abdul Qodir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Knowledge Practice

Penatalaksanaan farmakologis dan non farmakologis dipercaya dapat mengontrol tekanan darah dan mencegah komplikasi, tetapi banyak pasien hipertensi tekanan darahnya tidak terkontrol. Hal tersebut dikarenakan kepatuhan yang buruk dalam melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan faktor yang berhungan dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional di pukesmas dinoyo Kota Malang tahun 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Consecutive Sampling. Kuesioner yang digunakan meliputi : karakteristik demografi, pengetahuan dan rekomendasi mofifikasi gaya hidup pasien hipertensi. Hubungan antara rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup dengan variabel independen dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan analisis regresi logistik. 140 pasien hipertensi berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini (60 laki-laki, 80 wanita). Prevalensi kepatuhan adalah 28,6 %. Tingkat pengetahuan berhubungan signifikan  dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup (p=0,00). Jenis kelamin, usia, dan tingkat pendidikan tidak mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup (p= 0,06; p=0,21; p=0,87). Pengetahuan mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup. Management of pharmacological and non-pharmacological is believed to control blood pressure and prevent complications,  but many hypertensive patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. This is due to poor adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications. This study was aimed to determine the factors associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pukesmas Dinoyo Malang in 2019. Consecutive Sampling was used to select study subjects. The questionnaire included information about demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice of lifestyle-modification measures. Associations between adherence to lifestyle modification and independent variables were analyzed using chi square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. 140 hypertensive patients participated in the study (60 men, 80 women). The prevalence of adherence was 28.6%. The level of knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications (p = 0.00). Genders , age, and educational level were no significant associated with to recommended lifestyle modifications (p= 0.06; p=0.21; p=0.87). Knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals “A STUDY OF MICROALBUMINURIA IN NON DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS”

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Anup Latne ◽  
Prabhakar Jirvankar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension is a major public health problem all over the world. The incidence of hypertension is increasing year after year and the prevalence of hypertension is increasing day by day due to increased life expectancy and aging population and their sedentary lifestyle. Hypertension is known to cause microvascular changes and increased cardiovascular risk from it. Microalbuminuria possibly reflects a state of increased renal endothelial permeability and is an easily measured marker of rather diffuse endothelial dysfunction, low grade inflammation and vascular disease burden2. Microalbuminuria has been determined as an important prognostic indicator and has been reported to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and progressive renal damage. Reliable data on the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the general population and its association with cardiovascular risk factors is limited. Till now, there is little data available regarding screening and early treatment of hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria, as in the case of microalbuminuric non diabetic subjects. With these perspective this cross sectional study of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic hypertensive patients was undertaken to study prevalence of microalbuminuria in Non Diabetic hypertensive patients. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic hypertensive patients and to correlate the presence of microalbuminuria with the patients of different clinical profiles. Materials and Methods: This was observational, cross sectional study of Patients diagnosed with hypertension either admitted in ward or attending OPD of Medical College and Tertiary Care Centre. Urine microalbumin creatinine ratio was used for estimation of microalbuminuria. Conclusion: It was proved that microalbuminuria prevalence was directly proportional to the duration of hypertension, the stage of hypertension. Prevalence of microalbuminria was low in ACE inhibitor and ARB treated hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among hospital workers in a severely affected institution in Madrid, Spain: A surveillance cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Felipe Pérez-García ◽  
Aurora Pérez-Zapata ◽  
Naroa Arcos ◽  
Manuel De la Mata ◽  
María Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Secondary Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To analyze the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in workers of a hospital located in one of the most affected areas in Spain. Design, settings, and patients: Cross-sectional study performed between March and May 2020 over all workers of a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain. Methods: We employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR, for symptomatic individuals) and serology (for both PCR-negative symptomatic workers and asymptomatic workers) as diagnostic tests for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We analyzed the prevalence of the virus in healthcare workers (HCWs) and nonhealthcare workers (nHCWs). We also collected information about the use of personal protective equipment (PPEs) and possible contacts prior to infection. Results: In total, 2,963 workers were included: 1,092 were symptomatic, and of these, 539 were positive by PCR (49.4% of symptomatic workers). From the remaining symptomatic workers, 197 (35.6%) were positive by serology. Regarding asymptomatic workers, 345 were positive by serology (31.9% of infected workers). In total, 1,081 (36.5%) presented a positive diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2. Infection rates were different between HCWs (37.4%) and nHCWs (29.8%) (P = .006). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the use of PPE (protective: OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.44–0.72; P < .001) and previous contact with COVID-19 patients (risk factor: OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.28–2.24; P < .001) were independent factors that were associated with SAS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: Overall, >36% of our workers became infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the rate of asymptomatic infections accounted for almost 32% of all SARS-CoV-2 infections. We detected differences in the rates of infection between HCWs and nHCWs. The use of PPE and previous contact with COVID-19 patients were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Communal latrine utilization and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzabeth Girma Kefeni ◽  
Walelegn Worku Yallew
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Despite the quick urban population growth increased volume of wastes, including human excreta, which demands an expanded need of infrastructure, solid institutional setup and communities' engagement for management of safe disposal of excreta, arrangement of such basic social services has not developed as per the rate of population growth. Mostly, communal latrines are inclined towards an absence of cleanliness, as they accommodate many people beyond their capacity, filling up septic tanks quickly. A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in 817 randomly selected communal latrine user households, five focus group discussions and four key informant interviews were analysed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to discover the impact of different factors on the use of communal latrines. The findings revealed that the rate of communal latrine use in Addis Ababa was about 79.8%. Unhygienic conditions, latrine emptying challenges, extreme smell, number of family units sharing the same squats, and latrine designs for the aged and children were identified as barriers to latrine utilization. This study suggests that, in parallel with the continued investments to increase access to sanitary facilities in the city, the management and behavioural change part has likewise to be stressed for better use and sustainability.

scholarly journals Diagnostic inertia in obesity and the impact on cardiovascular risk in primary care: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (636) ◽  
pp. e454-e459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian RJ Martínez-St John ◽  
Antonio Palazón-Bru ◽  
Vicente F Gil-Guillén ◽  
Armina Sepehri ◽  
Felipe Navarro-Cremades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of Resting Heart Rate and Hypertension on the Prevalence of Stroke in Sudanese Adults: A Population- Based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
D. A. Hassan ◽  
M. I. Elamin ◽  
M. Elamin ◽  
H. M. Beheiry ◽  
A. A. Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To investigate the effect of elevated resting heart rate (RHR), hypertension (HTN) and associated risk factors on the prevalence of stroke among Sudanese adults.  Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study based on a survey conducted by Sudanese society of hypertension during the May Month of Measurement (MMM), 2018 campaign. Methods: A total of 12281 respondents (mean age: 32.5±14.5 years, 49% men) were included. Structured questionnaires of demographic data, and self-reported medical history were filled by all respondents and analyzed.  Blood pressure and RHR were measured using an Omron BP monitor. Participants were divided into two main cohorts: normotensive (n=9497, 77.3%) and hypertensive (n=2784, 22.7%) participants. Each cohort was then segregated into three sub-cohorts using RHR tertiles (T1: <79 bpm; T2: RHR: 79 to 100 bpm; and T3:>100 bpm). Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the individual and combined effect of RHR and HTN on prevalence of stroke. Hypertensive patients were more likely to develop stroke compared to normotensive participants (OR= 2. 968, 95% CI 2.028-4.345). Within the hypertensive cohort, RHR T3 participants had a significantly increased risk of stroke compared to RHR T1-T2 combined (OR= 2.35, 95% CI1.043-5.323). Individuals of RHR T3 sub-cohort were more likely to be younger, leaner and displayed significantly higher level of both systolic & diastolic blood pressure compared to RHR T1 and T2 groups. Diabetes Mellitus and smoking increased the odds of stroke among both normotensives (OR (95% CI):5.6 (2.24- 14.09), 3.17 (1.71-6.08 respectively), and hypertensives (OR (95% CI): 4.40 (2.26-8.58), 2.03 (0.95-4.32) respectively). Female gender and older age also increases the odds of stroke among hypertensives (OR (95% CI): 1.85 (1.00- 3.45) and 2.00 (1.02- 4.17) respectively.   In conclusion, this study demonstrated that HTN was an independent risk factor of stroke. The effect of elevated RHR on stroke was only prominent when joined to high blood pressure. Prevalence of tachycardia was higher among the young participants which make them more prone to stroke if the condition is associated with HTN. Our results highlight the importance of addressing elevated RHR to reduce the risk of stroke particularly among hypertensive patients.  

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS ON STATE OF ARTERIAL VESSELS IN COPPER INDUSTRY WORKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Liliya A. Konevskikh ◽  
T. T. Ladokhina ◽  
E. D. Konstantinova ◽  
S. G. Astakhova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Age ◽  
High Fasting Glucose ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Evaluation System

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in working-age population, including mortality occurring through occupational fatalities. The core principle in fighting CVDs is having special consideration for individuals with a high risk of its development. In order to identify those individuals, the SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) system is advised. The realizations (i.e. the effects of exposure) with respect to the same risk factors may vary across individuals. Therefore, it is of urging importance to conduct an assessment of the integral cardiovascular risk estimates that are informative of coming-to-an-effect long-term exposures to adverse factors and helpful in identifying changes at early reversible stages of CVD. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study included 108 male workers aged 27-63 years, without apparent health disorders who been working in unsafe conditions over from 4 to 40 years, employed as occupational staff (converter furnace operators, charge workers, burners, smelters) in copper production enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region. Clinical examination and laboratory tests were conducted at the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center in 2017-2018. The evaluated indices included: total cholesterol (TC), glucose, Pb and Cu level in blood. A 3D-sphygmography with CAVI assessment and aa. carotides ultrasound with intima-media thickness (IMT) assessment were performed. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was evaluated according to the SCORE assessment. Results. The following CVR factors were identified: smoking (72.2%), obesity of various classes (33.3%), TC > 4.9 mmol/l (57.9%), high fasting glucose (73.9%) and arterial hypertension stages 1-2 (40.7%). An arterial vessel stiffness increase by CAVI (>8.0) was found in 28.7% of subjects. Associations were found between CAVI index and (i) total CVR level as evaluated by SCORE (p=0.00105), (ii) blood Cu level (r=0.33). Therefore, further research is needed.

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