Evaluation of a Bi-Analyte Immunoblot as a Useful Tool for Diagnosing Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Immune responses to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and nonapeptides of gliadin (npG) are associated with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), a gluten-related dermatosis. Recently, a bi-analyte immunoblot (b-aIB) was introduced to detect IgA antibodies in response to tTG and npG. We compared the utility of ELISA and b-aIB with tTG in serological diagnoses of DH and their agreement with direct immunofluorescence (DIF). In total, 55 sera (27 DIF-positive DH patients, 4 DIF-negative DH patients and 24 healthy controls) were examined. ELISA for anti-tTG IgA, b-aIB for anti-npG and anti-tTG IgA, and statistical analysis were performed. The b-aIB with tTG showed 78% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 82% negative predictive value in relation to ELISA. A better rate of agreement (Cohen’s kappa values) in IgA detection was observed in the pair tTG ELISA and b-aIB with npG (0.85) than in pairs tTG ELISA and b-aIB with tTG (0.78) or b-aIB with tTG and b-aIB with npG (0.78). No degree of agreement was found between serological tests and DIF. Both serological tests may be used to detect the anti-tTG IgA in DH patients. Still, DH diagnosing requires careful consideration of clinical data as well as results of tissue imaging (crucial DIF) and immunoserological techniques detecting DH-type features.

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Association between Levels of IgA Antibodies to Tissue Transglutaminase and Gliadin-Related Nonapeptides in Dermatitis Herpetiformis

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/363296 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska ◽

Monika Bowszyc-Dmochowska ◽

Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros ◽

Elżbieta Kaczmarek ◽

Marian Dmochowski

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Causal Relationship ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Iga Antibodies ◽

Healthy Persons

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmunity-driven inflammatory blistering dermatosis associated with a gluten-dependent enteropathy. Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and nonapeptides of gliadin (npG) are considered in its pathomechanism/diagnostics. Here, the diagnostic accuracy of anti-tTG/anti-npG IgA ELISAs in Slavic DH patients with active skin rash was assessed through creating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, determining cutoff values, and calculating correlations between levels of anti-tTG/anti-npG IgA in DH, IgA/neutrophil-mediated non-DH patients and healthy persons. Altogether, sera from 80 Slavic individuals were examined. There were negligible differences between cutoff points obtained by the ELISAs manufacturer and those in this study. There were statistically significant correlations between levels of anti-tTG/anti-npG IgA in both DH group and the group of IgA/neutrophil-mediated non-DH dermatoses. There was no such correlation in healthy controls. It seems that IgA autoantibodies to tTG and npG in the IgA/neutrophil-mediated DH are produced in the coordinated way implying their causal relationship.

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Clinical immunology Cutaneous expressions of interleukin-6 and neutrophil elastase as well as levels of serum IgA antibodies to gliadin nonapeptides, tissue transglutaminase and epidermal transglutaminase: implications for both autoimmunity and autoinflammation involvement in dermatitis herpetiformis

Central European Journal of Immunology ◽

10.5114/ceji.2014.45944 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska ◽

Monika Bowszyc-Dmochowska ◽

Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros ◽

Elżbieta Kaczmarek ◽

Paweł Pietkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 6 ◽

Neutrophil Elastase ◽

Clinical Immunology ◽

Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Serum Iga ◽

Iga Antibodies ◽

Epidermal Transglutaminase

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A Rare Comorbidity: Dermatitis Herpetiformis and Sarcoidosis - A Case Report

Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology ◽

10.1515/sjdv-2016-0015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176

Author(s):

Stoyan Ivanov Pavlov ◽

Irina Ivanova Ivanova ◽

Hristo Boychev Popov ◽

Maria Angelova Tzaneva ◽

Peter Ivanov Ghenev

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Case Report ◽

Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Epithelioid Cell ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Simultaneous Occurrence ◽

Direct Immunofluorescence ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Sarcoidosis is an enigmatic, multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology and wide range of clinical presentations. Case report: A 54-year-old female presented with facial rash: polymorphic, round, infiltrated erythematous plaques, 1 - 3 cm in size, disseminated on several areas of the face. The medical history was consistent with dermatitis herpetiformis and persistent intrahepatic cholestasis. The laboratory test results suggested celiac disease (strong positivity of IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies) but upper endoscopy was not performed to confirm it. The skin biopsy revealed noncaseating epithelioid-cell granulomas, and negative direct immunofluorescence showed IgA deposits in the dermis. Sarcoidosis with cutaneous and hepatic involvement was established based on compatible clinical findings and supportive histology. The period between manifestations of Duhring disease and skin manifestations of sarcoidosis was 20 years. Conclusion: Our clinical case supports the hypothesis for common immune pathogenic factors in gluten-sensitive diseases and sarcoidosis. The simultaneous occurrence of celiac disease and sarcoidosis is rare, but should not be under recognized.

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A Low-Cost SARS-CoV-2 rRBD ELISA to Detect Serostatus in Ecuadorian Population with COVID-19

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.20-1420 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (4) ◽

pp. 1513-1515 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ángel Guevara ◽

Sandra Vivero ◽

Victoria Nipaz ◽

Victor Guaraca ◽

Josefina Coloma

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Low Cost ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACTLaboratory diagnosis of the COVID-19 relies on RT-PCR to amplify specific fragments of SARS-CoV-2 genome. However, serological tests are required to determine the immune response elicited after infection. Here, we analyzed convalescent sera collected from positive individuals by RT-PCR to SARS-CoV-2 (n = 78), Zika (n = 20), dengue (n = 20), chikungunya (n = 54), intestinal parasites (n = 11), and HIV (n = 1), from different areas of Ecuador, with an in-house ELISA using a SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain recombinant (rRBD) antigen to detect IgG antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 78 samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, 73 showed high absorbance value compared with the cutoff and five were negative. All tested sera from other infections showed no reactivity. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 93.6%, 100%, 100%, and 95.4%, respectively. This in-house anti-IgG rRBD ELISA offers an economic and simple alternative to determine IgG immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Dermatitis Herpetiformis: An Update on Diagnosis, Disease Monitoring, and Management

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57080843 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (8) ◽

pp. 843

Author(s):

Christopher N. Nguyen ◽

Soo-Jung Kim

Keyword(s):

Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

The United States ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Direct Immunofluorescence ◽

Disease Monitoring ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Management Options ◽

Epidermal Transglutaminase

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), Duhring disease, is caused by gluten sensitivity and affects 11.2 to 75.3 per 100,000 people in the United States and Europe with an incidence of 0.4 to 3.5 per 100,000 people per year. DH is characterized by a symmetrical blistering rash on the extensor surfaces with severe pruritus. The diagnosis continues to be made primarily by pathognomonic findings on histopathology, especially direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Recently, anti-epidermal transglutaminase (TG3) antibodies have shown to be a primary diagnostic serology, while anti-tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and other autoantibodies may be used to support the diagnosis and for disease monitoring. Newly diagnosed patients with DH should be screened and assessed for associated diseases and complications. A gluten-free diet (GFD) and dapsone are still mainstays of treatment, but other medications may be necessary for recalcitrant cases. Well-controlled DH patients, managed by a dermatologist, a gastroenterologist, and a dietician, have an excellent prognosis. Our review comprehensively details the current diagnostic methods, as well as methods used to monitor its disease course. We also describe both the traditional and novel management options reported in the literature.

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Automated Assay of a Four-Protein Biomarker Panel for Improved Detection of Ovarian Cancer

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13020325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 325

Author(s):

Christopher Walker ◽

Tuan-Minh Nguyen ◽

Shlomit Jessel ◽

Ayesha B. Alvero ◽

Dan-Arin Silasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Early Stage ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Classification Models ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Protein Biomarker ◽

Biomarker Panel

Background: Mortality from ovarian cancer remains high due to the lack of methods for early detection. The difficulty lies in the low prevalence of the disease necessitating a significantly high specificity and positive-predictive value (PPV) to avoid unneeded and invasive intervention. Currently, cancer antigen- 125 (CA-125) is the most commonly used biomarker for the early detection of ovarian cancer. In this study we determine the value of combining macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), osteopontin (OPN), and prolactin (PROL) with CA-125 in the detection of ovarian cancer serum samples from healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 432 serum samples were included in this study. 153 samples were from ovarian cancer patients and 279 samples were from age-matched healthy controls. The four proteins were quantified using a fully automated, multi-analyte immunoassay. The serum samples were divided into training and testing datasets and analyzed using four classification models to calculate accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The four-protein biomarker panel yielded an average accuracy of 91% compared to 85% using CA-125 alone across four classification models (p = 3.224 × 10−9). Further, in our cohort, the four-protein biomarker panel demonstrated a higher sensitivity (median of 76%), specificity (median of 98%), PPV (median of 91.5%), and NPV (median of 92%), compared to CA-125 alone. The performance of the four-protein biomarker remained better than CA-125 alone even in experiments comparing early stage (Stage I and Stage II) ovarian cancer to healthy controls. Conclusions: Combining MIF, OPN, PROL, and CA-125 can better differentiate ovarian cancer from healthy controls compared to CA-125 alone.

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Eotaxins and Their Receptor as Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122675 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2675

Author(s):

Monika Zajkowska ◽

Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik ◽

Maciej Dulewicz ◽

Kamil Safiejko ◽

Marcin Juchimiuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Diagnostic Utility ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Immunoenzymatic Assay

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies. Despite the availability of diagnostic tests, an increasing number of new cases is observed. That is why it is very important to search new markers that would show high diagnostic utility. Therefore, we made an attempt to assess the usefulness of eotaxins, as there are few studies that investigate their significance, in patients with CRC. The study included 80 subjects (CRC patients and healthy volunteers). Serum concentrations of all eotaxins were measured using a multiplexing method (Luminex), while CCR3 was measured by immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA). CRP levels were determined by immunoturbidimetry and classical tumor marker levels (CEA and CA 19-9) and were measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The highest usefulness among the proteins tested showed CCR3. Its concentrations were significantly higher in the CRC group than in healthy controls. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of CCR3 were higher than those of CA 19-9. The maximum values for sensitivity, negative predictive value, and AUC were obtained for a combination of CCR3 and CRP. Our findings suggest the potential usefulness of CCR3 in the diagnosis of CRC, especially in combination with CRP or CEA.

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MICA*019 Allele and Soluble MICA as Biomarkers for Ankylosing Spondylitis in Taiwanese

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11060564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 564

Author(s):

Chin-Man Wang ◽

Keng-Poo Tan ◽

Yeong-Jian Jan Wu ◽

Jing-Chi Lin ◽

Jian-Wen Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Hla B27 ◽

Host Immune Responses ◽

Histocompatibility Complex ◽

High Level ◽

Coding Snp

MICA (major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A) interacts with NKG2D on immune cells to regulate host immune responses. We aimed to determine whether MICA alleles are associated with AS susceptibility in Taiwanese. MICA alleles were determined through haplotype analyses of major MICA coding SNP (cSNP) data from 895 AS patients and 896 normal healthy controls in Taiwan. The distributions of MICA alleles were compared between AS patients and normal healthy controls and among AS patients, stratified by clinical characteristics. ELISA was used to determine soluble MICA (sMICA) levels in serum of AS patients and healthy controls. Stable cell lines expressing four major MICA alleles (MICA*002, MICA*008, MICA*010 and MICA*019) in Taiwanese were used for biological analyses. We found that MICA*019 is the only major MICA allele significantly associated with AS susceptibility (PFDR = 2.25 × 10−115; OR, 14.90; 95% CI, 11.83–18.77) in Taiwanese. In addition, the MICA*019 allele is associated with syndesmophyte formation (PFDR = 0.0017; OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.29–2.22) and HLA-B27 positivity (PFDR = 1.45 × 10−33; OR, 28.79; 95% CI, 16.83–49.26) in AS patients. Serum sMICA levels were significantly increased in AS patients as compared to healthy controls. Additionally, MICA*019 homozygous subjects produced the highest levels of sMICA, compared to donors with other genotypes. Furthermore, in vitro experiments revealed that cells expressing MICA*019 produced the highest level of sMICA, as compared to other major MICA alleles. In summary, the MICA*019 allele, producing the highest levels of sMICA, is a significant risk factor for AS and syndesmophyte formation in Taiwanese. Our data indicate that a high level of sMICA is a biomarker for AS.

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