scholarly journals General Secure Information Exchange Protocol for a Multiuser MIMO Relay Channel

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Qiao Liu ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Relay Channel ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Performance Analyses ◽  
Untrusted Relay

Secure information exchange occurs in many recently emerging cooperative-based networks, such as 5G networks (especially those with a Device to Device architecture), the Internet of Things, and vehicular ad hoc networks. However, the existing information exchange protocols only focus on either pairwise information exchange or group information exchange, and none of these protocols enable private and public information exchange to occur simultaneously. Thus, a general secure information exchange protocol for a multiuser channel is desirable. With this motivation, this paper investigates simultaneous private and public information exchange in a Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO) multiuser relay channel. In an aim to achieve this goal, signal alignment is chosen as the core technique. With the designed precoding matrix for each user, private information is aligned with its exchange partner, and public information forms a coding chain at the relay. With the aligned private signal and public coding chain, neither an untrusted relay nor external eavesdroppers can recover the original individual information. Performance analyses of the proposed protocol are conducted. First, we conduct transmission performance analyses from the perspective of time slot cost. Second, we conduct a security analysis for private information exchange and public information exchange. Third, we conduct secrecy sum-rate analysis for three attack scenarios: an untrusted relay attack only, an eavesdropper attack only, and both an untrusted relay and eavesdropper attack. The simulations are conducted to demonstrate that the proposed protocol can enable simultaneous private and public information exchange while resisting attacks by an undesired receiver, an untrusted relay, and external eavesdroppers.

scholarly journals Learning from prices: information aggregation and accumulation in an asset market

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Information Aggregation ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Private Signals ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Can prices convey information about the fundamental value of an asset? This paper considers this problem in relation to the dynamic properties of the fundamental (whether it is constant or time-varying) and the structure of information available to agents. Risk-averse traders receive two potential signals each period: one exogenous and private and the other, prices, endogenous and public. Prices aggregate private information but include aggregate noise. Information can accumulate over time both through endogenous and exogenous signals. With a constant fundamental, the precision of both private and public cumulative information increases over time but agents put progressively more weight on the endogenous signals, asymptotically disregarding private ones. If the fundamental is time-varying, the use of past private signals complicates the role of prices as a source of information, since it introduces endogenous serial correlation in the price signal and cross-correlation between it and innovations in the fundamental. A modified version of the Kalman filter can still be used to extract information from prices and results show that the precision of the endogenous signals converges to a constant, with both private and public information used at all times.

Conformity Voting and the Value of Public Information

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
pp. 913-920
Author(s):  
Haritz Garro
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Candidate Model ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Public Signals ◽  
Private And Public

I study how the quality of information affects politician selection in a two-candidate model where voters want to vote for the best candidate but also for the winner. Voters receive private and public signals about candidates’ relative valence. Public information has a stronger effect on equilibrium outcomes because voters use it to infer other voters’ beliefs. Contrary to what might be expected, more precise public information does not always benefit the better candidate’s electoral prospects: when voters’ private information is precise enough, improving public information hurts the better candidate’s electoral prospects. The model provides a rationale for the prevalence of large swings in voter sentiment in close elections, and for front-runner candidates’ tendency to avoid face-to-face television debates with the underdog.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Surveillance on Social Media

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Trottier
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Virtual Self ◽  
Médias Sociaux ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Medias Sociaux

This article examines changing rules and regimes of visibility on social media, using Facebook as a case study. Interpersonal social media surveillance warrants a care of the virtual self. Yet this care is complicated by social media’s rapid growth, and especially Facebook’s cross-contextual information flows that publicize otherwise private information. Drawing from a series of thirty interviews, this article focuses on how users perceive and manage their own visibility and take advantage of the visibility of other users. These experiences are tied to shifting understandings of private and public information, as well as new terms like “stalking” and “creeping” that frame surveillant practices.Cet article examine l’évolution des règles et des régimes de visibilité sur les médias sociaux, en utilisant Facebook comme une étude de cas. La surveillance interpersonnelle sur les médias sociaux nécessite un soin de l’être virtuel. Pourtant, ce soin est compliqué par l’expansion rapide des médias sociaux, et en particulier la nature inter contextuel de Facebook, qui diffuse de l’information privé. Tirant d’une série de trente entrevues, cet article concentre sur la manière dont les utilisateurs perçoivent et gèrent leur proper visibilité sur Facebook ainsi que de profiter de la visibilité des autres. Ces expériences sont liées à l’évolution des conceptions de l’information publique et privée, ainsi que de termes nouveaux comme «harcèlement» et «stalking» qui caractérise la surveillance sur les médias sociaux.

How do investors behave in the context of a market crash? Evidence from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1217
Author(s):  
Venkata Narasimha Chary Mushinada
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Market Volatility ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Private And Public

PurposeThe main aim of this paper is to empirically test at market level, the investors' differential reaction to information, contribution of their confidence level and adaptive behaviour to excessive market volatility in Indian stock market.Design/methodology/approachThe Bivariate Vector Autoregression and Impulse Response Analysis are used to study whether investors over/under-react to private and public information. EGARCH models are used to study the contribution of investors' over/under-confidence and adaptive behaviour to excessive market volatility.FindingsThe investors over-react to private information and under-react to public information during pre-crash period, become overconfident and contribute to excessive volatility. They under-react to both private and public information during after-crash period, become under-confident and also conform to adaptive market hypothesis (AMH).Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical results of the study can help investors to minimize the negative impact of over/under-confidence on their expected utility.Practical implicationsThe investors shall perform a post-analysis of investment, become aware of their past behavioural mistakes and start adapting to changing market conditions. This shall move the markets towards a new equilibrium in long run thus conforming AMH. However, the investors sometimes display an apparently irrational behaviour during this process.Originality/valueTo the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study at market level data examining investors' over/under-reaction, over/under-confidence and adaptive behaviour in the context of stock market crash.

scholarly journals Redacted disclosure and analysts' weighting of private and public information

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
Proprietary Information ◽  
Fair Disclosure ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Capital Financing

This paper investigates whether and how redacting proprietary information in regulatory filings affects financial analysts' weighting of private and public information. I examine this issue in the context of initial public offerings (IPO) where firms are allowed to redact value-relevant, proprietary information in relation to material agreements. To the extent that redaction affects firm information environment, I expect redaction to incentivize analysts to overweight their private information relative to public information. As predicted, I find that analysts' overweighting of private information is greater for redacted IPO firms. Moreover, this result prevails particularly when analysts involved rely more on private information. Next, I find analysts' overweighting of private information is more pronounced for analysts who have limited resources, ability, and attention, and when IPO firms do not receive venture capital financing. Finally, I find that the redaction-overweighting relation is attenuated after the passage of Regulation Fair Disclosure. I also find that analysts' overweighting of private information increases redacted IPO firms' idiosyncratic return volatility. Overall, my results extend prior research by examining the role of firm information environment on analysts' decision-making process.

scholarly journals Privacy-Preserving Smart Road-Pricing System with Trustworthiness Evaluation in VANETs

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3658
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Zhu ◽  
Sai Ji ◽  
Jian Shen ◽  
Yongjun Ren
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Location Privacy ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Control Center

With the advanced development of the intelligent transportation system, vehicular ad hoc networks have been observed as an excellent technology for the development of intelligent traffic management in smart cities. Recently, researchers and industries have paid great attention to the smart road-tolling system. However, it is still a challenging task to ensure geographical location privacy of vehicles and prevent improper behavior of drivers at the same time. In this paper, a reliable road-tolling system with trustworthiness evaluation is proposed, which guarantees that vehicle location privacy is secure and prevents malicious vehicles from tolling violations at the same time. Vehicle route privacy information is encrypted and uploaded to nearby roadside units, which then forward it to the traffic control center for tolling. The traffic control center can compare data collected by roadside units and video surveillance cameras to analyze whether malicious vehicles have behaved incorrectly. Moreover, a trustworthiness evaluation is applied to comprehensively evaluate the multiple attributes of the vehicle to prevent improper behavior. Finally, security analysis and experimental simulation results show that the proposed scheme has better robustness compared with existing approaches.

Data Transfer from Clinic to Clinic – Queensland Perspective

OP-Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Westacott ◽  
Kirsten Vallmurr ◽  
Michael Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Security Standards

AbstractData transfer has been forced to evolve as digital technologies are implemented throughout various aspects of the healthcare system. Despite the uniqueness of both the geography and the population of Queensland, information exchange and data communication has continued to follow this evolutionary trend. There have been a number of different health reforms designed to integrate digital innovations and allow critical data and information to be shared with the appropriate health professionals when necessary. Strict healthcare legislation has been navigated and to provide newly upgraded technologies and processes while maintaining privacy, confidentiality and security standards. A large portion of the digital revolution has been the implementation of the national run project, the My Health Record and the state run project, the Integrated Electronic Medical Record. Both are platforms that allow secure information exchange allowing patients to have improved quality of care. To maintain the steady progress, both the state and federal governments have developed strategies and visions to help provide guidance and direct for ongoing and future digital projects. They also outline areas that require further advancements to ensure Queensland is delivering equitable, high quality healthcare.

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