scholarly journals Design and Simulation of a Point-of-Care Microfluidic Device for Acoustic Blood Cell Separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sharifi ◽  
Armin Sedighi ◽  
Mubashar Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Diagnostic Process

Hematology tests, considered as an initial step in the patient diagnostic process, require laboratory equipment and technicians which is a time- and labor-consuming procedure. Such facilities may be available in a few central laboratories in under-resourced countries. The growing need for low cost and rapid diagnostic tests contributes to point-of-care (POC) medical diagnostic devices providing convenient and rapid test tools particularly in areas with limited medical resources. In the present study, a comprehensive numerical simulation of a POC blood cell separation device (POC-BCS) has been modeled using a finite element method. Tag-less separation of blood cells, i.e., platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells, was carried out using standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs) generated by interdigital transducers (IDTs) located at lateral sides of the microfluidic channel. Blood sample intake along with sheath flow was introduced via two symmetrical tilted angle inlets and a middle inlet, respectively. Superposition of acoustic radiation force applied by SSAWs accompanied by drag force caused by medium flow drove the blood cells toward different path lines correlated to their size. White blood cells were sorted out in the middle outlet and red blood cells and platelets were sorted out through the separate locations of the side outlets. Each cell was then guided to their respected visualization chamber for further image processing analysis. The results of the presented numerical study would be very promising in designing and optimizing the POC blood testing device.

scholarly journals AI-enabled microscopic blood analysis for microfluidic COVID-19 haematology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiancheng Xia ◽  
Richard Fu ◽  
Nanlin Jin ◽  
Paul Chazot ◽  
Plamen Angelov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Cell Counts

Microscopic blood cell analysis is an important methodology for medical diagnosis, and complete blood cell counts (CBCs) are one of the routine tests operated in hospitals. Results of the CBCs include amounts of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in a unit blood sample. It is possible to diagnose diseases such as anemia when the numbers or shapes of red blood cells become abnormal. The percentage of white blood cells is one of the important indicators of many severe illnesses such as infection and cancer. The amounts of platelets are decreased when the patient suffers hemophilia. Doctors often use these as criteria to monitor the general health conditions and recovery stages of the patients in the hospital. However, many hospitals are relying on expensive hematology analyzers to perform these tests, and these procedures are often time consuming. There is a huge demand for an automated, fast and easily used CBCs method in order to avoid redundant procedures and minimize patients’ burden on costs of healthcare. In this research, we investigate a new CBC detection method by using deep neural networks, and discuss state of the art machine learning methods in order to meet the medical usage requirements. The approach we applied in this work is based on YOLOv3 algorithm, and our experimental results show the applied deep learning algorithms have a great potential for CBCs tests, promising for deployment of deep learning methods into microfluidic point-of-care medical devices. As a case of study, we applied our blood cell detector to the blood samples of COVID-19 patients, where blood cell clots are a typical symptom of COVID-19.

scholarly journals AI-enabled microscopic blood analysis for microfluidic COVID-19 haematology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiancheng Xia ◽  
Richard Fu ◽  
Nanlin Jin ◽  
Paul Chazot ◽  
Plamen Angelov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Cell Counts

Microscopic blood cell analysis is an important methodology for medical diagnosis, and complete blood cell counts (CBCs) are one of the routine tests operated in hospitals. Results of the CBCs include amounts of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in a unit blood sample. It is possible to diagnose diseases such as anemia when the numbers or shapes of red blood cells become abnormal. The percentage of white blood cells is one of the important indicators of many severe illnesses such as infection and cancer. The amounts of platelets are decreased when the patient suffers hemophilia. Doctors often use these as criteria to monitor the general health conditions and recovery stages of the patients in the hospital. However, many hospitals are relying on expensive hematology analyzers to perform these tests, and these procedures are often time consuming. There is a huge demand for an automated, fast and easily used CBCs method in order to avoid redundant procedures and minimize patients’ burden on costs of healthcare. In this research, we investigate a new CBC detection method by using deep neural networks, and discuss state of the art machine learning methods in order to meet the medical usage requirements. The approach we applied in this work is based on YOLOv3 algorithm, and our experimental results show the applied deep learning algorithms have a great potential for CBCs tests, promising for deployment of deep learning methods into microfluidic point-of-care medical devices. As a case of study, we applied our blood cell detector to the blood samples of COVID-19 patients, where blood cell clots are a typical symptom of COVID-19.

scholarly journals PO-283 Correlation Analysis between Blood Cell Viability, Five Elements and Competition Performance of Elite Men’s Rowers

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junbei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Five Elements

Objective To observe the national elite male rowers blood, red blood cell activity and serum copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron content of the five elements, and compared with the ordinary people. Aimed to investigate the between athletes, athletes and ordinary differences between the two sets of indicators and to explore the impact of element contents in red blood cell activity and five factors. Trying to bring two sets of indicators and specific combining ability, used in training on the monitoring function, and for the future to provide some references for further study. Methods It was included 22 athletes and 22 ordinary men, as the research object, in the collection of blood, measuring red blood cell activity in the blood content of the five elements, simultaneous measurement of physical indicators , will be doing all the data at the differences between the two groups compared to the group to do correlation analysis. The recent record of 2000m, 6000m rowing Dynamometer test results, and red blood cell activity associated with the five elements of content analysis. Results 1. Athletes indicators related to aerobic exercise were significantly higher than ordinary people. The white blood cells of athletes group were average.It shows that athletes have high aerobic capacity, while white blood cells are more stable than normal people. The members of the national rowing men's iron, magnesium content was significantly higher than ordinary group, the iron content is higher than the normal reference value; blood calcium levels were significantly lower than ordinary people, and lower than the normal reference value. The total number of red blood cells and the number of living cells was very significant positive correlation in two groups subjects; Red blood cell activity and red blood cell diameter is proportional, and red blood cell roundness in inverse proportion to the relationship; from this experiment a special ability to see red blood cell activity and there is no correlation. In both groups, hemoglobin was positively correlated with iron content, while iron was positively correlated with copper content. Conclusions 1. Increasing the number and volume of red blood cells can effectively increase the activity of red blood cells; red blood cell activity has no correlation with specific ability, and can not be used as an indicator to determine specific ability. The content of iron and magnesium in rowers is higher than that in ordinary people, which indicates that the adjustment of aerobic capacity and nerve control is very effective. The lower calcium content indicates that the injury caused by calcium loss should be prevented and the urgency of calcium supplementation should be emphasized. In training, we should pay attention to increasing hemoglobin content and aerobic capacity by supplementing iron. We can further consider the effect of supplementing copper to promote iron supplementation.

scholarly journals Klasifikasi Sel Darah Putih dan Sel Limfoblas Menggunakan Metode Multilayer Perceptron Backpropagation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Apri Nur Liyantoko ◽  
Ika Candradewi ◽  
Agus Harjoko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Techniques

 Leukemia is a type of cancer that is on white blood cell. This disease are characterized by abundance of abnormal white blood cell called lymphoblast in the bone marrow. Classification of blood cell types, calculation of the ratio of cell types and comparison with normal blood cells can be the subject of diagnosing this disease. The diagnostic process is carried out manually by hematologists through microscopic image. This method is likely to provide a subjective result and time-consuming.The application of digital image processing techniques and machine learning in the process of classifying white blood cells can provide more objective results. This research used thresholding method as segmentation and  multilayer method of back propagation perceptron with variations in the extraction of textural features, geometry, and colors. The results of segmentation testing in this study amounted to 68.70%. Whereas the classification test shows that the combination of feature extraction of GLCM features, geometry features, and color features gives the best results. This test produces an accuration value 91.43%, precision value of 50.63%, sensitivity 56.67%, F1Score 51.95%, and specitifity 94.16%.

Prolongation of bleeding time by acute hemolysis in rats: a role for nitric oxide

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. H2875-H2884 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wollny ◽  
L. Iacoviello ◽  
W. Buczko ◽  
G. de Gaetano ◽  
M. B. Donati
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
White Blood Cells

The present study was aimed at clarifying the interaction between red blood cell trauma and bleeding observed in some clinical conditions. Acute hemolysis provoked by distilled water injection was followed by a significant prolongation of the "template" bleeding time in rats. Comparable effects were observed after injection of an isotonic lysate of washed red blood cells. N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) formation from L-arginine, normalized bleeding time when given to rats before hemolysis induction. The occurrence of hemolysis decreased ex vivo platelet adhesion to collagen without affecting platelet aggregation and induced a transient drop in blood pressure, the latter occurring during the first minute after injection. L-NAME pretreatment increased ex vivo platelet adhesion but did not affect either platelet aggregation or fall in blood pressure. All the effects of L-NAME were blunted by treating the animals with the NO precursor L-arginine but not D-arginine. Incubation of the erythrocyte lysate with apyrase prevented the prolongation of bleeding time induced by the hemolysate. Moreover, ADP administration, at doses that did not increase hemoglobin levels, induced effects similar to those observed after hemolysis (on template bleeding time and ex vivo platelet adhesion), which were also reversed by L-NAME and restored by L-arginine. ADP is abundantly released from (hemo)lysed red blood cells and is known to stimulate release of NO, a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet adhesion. ADP-dependent NO release could be responsible for bleeding time prolongation, due to abnormalities in platelet-vessel wall interaction, during acute hemolysis. Lysis of white blood cells may also contribute to prolongation of bleeding time. Because ADP could not be detected in these cells, we postulate that other mechanisms also can be involved in bleeding time prolongation after blood cell activation in vivo.

A Numerical Study on Drug Delivery via Multiscale Synergy of Cellular Hitchhiking onto Red Blood Cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Nikfar ◽  
Meghdad Razizadeh ◽  
Ratul Paul ◽  
Vladimir N Muzykantov ◽  
Yaling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Numerical Study

Red blood cell (RBC)-hitchhiking, in which different nanocarriers (NCs) shuttled on the erythrocyte membrane and disassociated from RBCs to the first organ downstream of the intravenous injection spot, has recently...

scholarly journals Continuous changes in biological levels of complete blood count in a high altitude area of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212093133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Luo ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
XueJing Bai ◽  
JiangXian Zhu ◽  
GuanCheng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cell Parameters

Objectives: We aimed to establish a new reference interval of blood cell parameters by classifying and counting blood Cells of 16- to 85-year-old healthy volunteers and observing continuous changes with age. Methods: We analyzed the blood cell parameters of 42,678 cases (men, 24,406; women, 18,272), and compared the blood cell parameters of men and women in different age groups using an independent samples t-test. Using limits of 2.5%–97.5%, a 90% confidence interval was used to develop new reference intervals. Results: Counts of blood cell parameters, including white blood Cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, red blood Cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, distribution width of red blood Cells and platelets, were found to differ between men and women in different age groups. These parameters were used to establish a new reference interval of blood Cells. Conclusion: The blood cell parameters of both men and women changed with increasing age. The reference interval that we established will provide more accurate basic evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

scholarly journals Laboratory and clinical management of leukocytospermia and hematospermia: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 263349412092251
Author(s):  
Kajal Khodamoradi ◽  
Manish Kuchakulla ◽  
Manish Narasimman ◽  
Zahra Khosravizadeh ◽  
Aleena Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cryopreservation Techniques

Leukocytospermia and hematospermia are defined as the presence of abnormally high white blood cell and red blood cell concentration in the semen, respectively. Numerous etiologies and various implications on fertility have been identified. In a small proportion of men, the presence of white blood cells or red blood cells can adversely affect sperm quality by the production of reactive oxygen species. Several methods have been used to assess the presence of white blood cells and red blood cells in samples, such as identification of round cells, immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies, the Endtz test, the peroxidase test, and flow cytometry or microscopy. In addition, techniques have been identified to separate sperm samples from white blood cells and red blood cells for cryopreservation to improve outcomes in assisted reproductive technology. In this review, laboratory and clinical management of leukocytospermia and hematospermia are discussed. Currently available diagnostic methods and treatment options are outlined, and available optimal cryopreservation techniques for samples with white blood cells or red blood cells are summarized.

scholarly journals Blood-Cell Separation: Deterministic Migration-Based Separation of White Blood Cells (Small 37/2016)

Small ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (37) ◽  
pp. 5101-5101
Author(s):  
Byeongyeon Kim ◽  
Young Joon Choi ◽  
Hyekyung Seo ◽  
Eui-Cheol Shin ◽  
Sungyoung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
White Blood Cells

scholarly journals Changes in Leukogram and Erythrogram Results in Bitches with Vaginitis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1403
Author(s):  
Maria Chmurska-Gąsowska ◽  
Bartosz Bojarski ◽  
Natalia Sowińska ◽  
Magdalena Strus
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Blood Cell Morphology ◽  
Hematological Changes

Vaginitis in female dogs is a problem most veterinarians face in their practice. It manifests as localized inflammation, and its variable etiology and different severities often make diagnosis problematic. The study consisted of comparing blood smears taken from 16 animals: 8 healthy bitches and 8 bitches with confirmed vaginitis. We analyzed the percentage of different types of white blood cells (leukogram) and changes in the shape of red blood cells (erythrogram) in both groups. We observed changes in red blood cell morphology, i.e., a higher percentage of lacrimocytes and schistocytes in female dogs with vaginitis compared to their healthy counterparts. The observed hematological changes may illustrate the severity of inflammation. The analysis of erythrograms showed a significantly higher percentage of lacrimocytes and schistocytes in diseased bitches (1.58 ± 1.19% and 0.13 ± 0.12%) compared to healthy animals (0.58 ± 0.38 and 0.00 ± 0.00, respectively). The obtained results may indicate that the analysis of erythrograms throughout the course of vaginitis in bitches may constitute a diagnostic tool, as opposed to the analysis of leukograms, which is more sensitive when it comes to the systemic inflammatory response of the organism. It seems that simultaneous analysis of erythrograms and leukograms may facilitate the diagnostic process in clinical practice.

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