scholarly journals Hardware-Simulator Development and Implementation for Hydraulic Turbine Generation Systems in a District Heating System

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Soo Jeon ◽  
Young Jae Lee ◽  
Yeongsu Bak ◽  
Kyo-Beum Lee
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hydraulic Turbine ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Pressure Control Valve

This paper presents not only a hardware-simulator development for hydraulic turbine generation systems (HTGS) in a district heating system (DHS) but also its control strategies and sequence. Generally, a DHS uses a differential pressure control valve (DPCV) to supply high-pressure–high-temperature fluids for customers depending on distance. However, long-term exposure of the DPCV to fluids increases the probability of cavitation and leads to heat loss in an event of cavitation. Therefore, a HTGS was introduced to solve this problem. It performs differential pressure control of the fluids, replaces the DPCV, and converts excess energy wasted by the DPCV to electrical energy. In this paper, the development of a hardware-simulator for HTGSs with a back-to-back converter, which uses two-level topologies, is proposed; moreover, control strategies and sequence used in this design are presented. The performance and validity of the proposed hardware-simulator and its control strategies are demonstrated by experimental results.

scholarly journals Design of direct acting differential pressure control valve test bench

2021 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Ognyan Bekriev ◽  
Radoslav Asenov
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Control Valves ◽  
District Heating Systems ◽  
Pressure Control Valve ◽  
Direct Acting

This article aims to acquaint readers with a designed test bench for direct acting differential pressure control valves. These control valves are used in district heating systems. The conformity of the construction of the test bench with the international standard IEC 60534-2-3:2015 is evaluate and the results of an experimental study of the control valve AVPB DN20 Kvs 6.3 PN16 are present.

scholarly journals Co-generation: Increasing energy efficiency in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Alija Lekic ◽  
Semsudin Hadziefendic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Electrical Distribution Network ◽  
The City

The main sources for power generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are domestic coals, mainly lignite and brown coals, which are relatively characterized with a high content of sulphur (3-5%) and incombustibles (?30%). From the 70?s, use of this type of fuels was not allowed in the city of Sarajevo due to very unfavorable emissions to the atmosphere, during the heating period, and since then Sarajevo has been supplied with natural gas. All the heating installations in the city were reconstructed and adapted. The district heating system Toplane Sarajevo is supplied with electrical energy from the Public electrical distribution network (Elektrodistribucija Sarajevo) at low voltage (0.4 kV). The boiler-house Dobrinja III-2 (KDIII-2), from the district heating system of Sarajevo Suburb Dobrinja, which was not in use after the war 1992-1995, had a lot of advantages for the reconstruction into the co-generation plant. The Government of Canton Sarajevo financially supported this proposal. An analysis of co-generations for the district heating system and a selection of most appropriate co-generation systems were made. In the proposed conceptual design, the co-generation KDIII-2 was located in the existing boiler-house KDIII-2, connected with the heating system in Dobrinja. The operating costs of production of electricity and heat were evaluated in the study and compared with the costs of conventional energy supply to the district heating system. This analysis resulted in economic indicators, which showed that this investment was economically viable, and it also determined the payback period of the investment. In this paper results of the mentioned study and an overview of co-generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are presented.

scholarly journals Determining the possibility of placing turbine systems for hydraulic regulation and production of electrical energy in the District Heating Network in Krakow

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 00026
Author(s):  
Piotr Natkaniec ◽  
Piotr Dzierwa
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Future ◽  
Heating Medium ◽  
Optimal Calculation

This article presents the methods of specifying the potentiality of energy recovery in the turbine installations projected to hydraulic regulation of the heating medium in the Krakow District Heating System. To achieve this, creating hydraulic calculations enabling to indicate the best places to install turbines in District Heating System is necessary. For this reason, a great amount of work - like choosing a methodology and optimal calculation program, creating an actual database for calculations - has to be done. Hydraulic calculations will also help to determine optimal parameters of future instalments, select the most suitable devices necessary for the proper working of turbine installations and create the future impact assessment to District Heating System.

scholarly journals Analysis of Different Strategies for Lowering the Operation Temperature in Existing District Heating Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Neirotti ◽  
Michel Noussan ◽  
Stefano Riverso ◽  
Giorgio Manganini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
District Heating System

District heating systems have an important role in increasing the efficiency of the heating and cooling sector, especially when coupled to combined heat and power plants. However, in the transition towards decarbonization, current systems show some challenges for the integration of Renewable Energy Sources and Waste Heat. In particular, a crucial aspect is represented by the operating temperatures of the network. This paper analyzes two different approaches for the decrease of operation temperatures of existing networks, which are often supplying old buildings with a low degree of insulation. A simulation model was applied to some case studies to evaluate how a low-temperature operation of an existing district heating system performs compared to the standard operation, by considering two different approaches: (1) a different control strategy involving nighttime operation to avoid the morning peak demand; and (2) the partial insulation of the buildings to decrease operation temperatures without the need of modifying the heating system of the users. Different temperatures were considered to evaluate a threshold based on the characteristics of the buildings supplied by the network. The results highlight an interesting potential for optimization of existing systems by tuning the control strategies and performing some energy efficiency operation. The network temperature can be decreased with a continuous operation of the system, or with energy efficiency intervention in buildings, and distributed heat pumps used as integration could provide significant advantages. Each solution has its own limitations and critical parameters, which are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Microturbines at Drinking Water Tanks Fed by Gravity Pipelines: A Method and Excel Tool for Maximizing Annual Energy Generation Based on Historical Tank Outflow Data

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1403
Author(s):  
Thomas John Voltz ◽  
Thomas Grischek
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Pressure Control Valve ◽  
Water Tanks

Wherever the flow of water in a gravity pipeline is regulated by a pressure control valve, hydraulic energy in the form of water pressure can instead be converted into useful mechanical and electrical energy via a turbine. Two classes of potential turbine sites exist—those with (class 1, “buffered”) and those without (class 2, “non-buffered”) a storage tank that decouples inflow from outflow, allowing the inflow regime to be modified to better suit turbine operation. A new method and Excel tool (freely downloadable, at no cost) were developed for determining the optimal hydraulic parameters of a turbine at class 1 sites that maximize annual energy generation. The method assumes a single microturbine with a narrow operating range and determines the optimal design flow rate based on the characteristic site curve and a historical time series of outflow data from the tank, simulating tank operation with a numerical model as it creates a new inflow regime. While no direct alternative methods could be found in the scientific literature or on the internet, three hypothetically applicable methods were gleaned from the German guidelines (published by the German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas and Water (DVGW)) and used as a basis of comparison. The tool and alternative methods were tested for nine sites in Germany.

scholarly journals Effects of implementation of co-generation in the district heating system of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (suppl.) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Stojiljkovic ◽  
Mirko Stojiljkovic ◽  
Bratislav Blagojevic ◽  
Goran Vuckovic ◽  
Marko Ignjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

Implementation of co-generation of thermal and electrical energy in district heating systems often results with higher overall energy efficiency of the systems, primary energy savings and environmental benefits. Financial results depend on number of parameters, some of which are very difficult to predict. After introduction of feed-in tariffs for generation of electrical energy in Serbia, better conditions for implementation of co-generation are created, although in district heating systems barriers are still present. In this paper, possibilities and effects of implementation of natural gas fired cogeneration engines are examined and presented for the boiler house that is a part of the district heating system owned and operated by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis. At the moment, in this boiler house only thermal energy is produced. The boilers are natural gas fired and often operate in low part load regimes. The plant is working only during the heating season. For estimation of effects of implementation of co-generation, referent values are taken from literature or are based on the results of measurements performed on site. Results are presented in the form of primary energy savings and greenhouse gasses emission reduction potentials. Financial aspects are also considered and triangle of costs is shown.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Pavlo Andrenko ◽  
Olha Dmytriienko ◽  
Viktor Klitnoy ◽  
Vadym Myronov
Keyword(s):  
Control Valve ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control Valve
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