scholarly journals Experimental Comparative Study on Performance and Emissions of E85 Adopting Different Injection Approaches in a Turbocharged PFI SI Engine

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Luca Marchitto ◽  
Maria Antonietta Costagliola ◽  
Gerardo Valentino
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Cylinder Port

This study examines the effects of ethanol and gasoline injection mode on the combustion performance and exhaust emissions of a twin cylinder port fuel injection (PFI) spark ignition (SI) engine. Generally, when using gasoline–ethanol blends, alcohol and gasoline are externally mixed with a specified blending ratio. In this activity, ethanol and gasoline were supplied into the intake manifold into two different ways: through two separated low pressure fuel injection systems (Dual-Fuel, DF) and in a blend (mix). The ratio between ethanol and gasoline was fixed at 0.85 by volume (E85). The initial reference conditions were set running the engine with full gasoline at the knock limited spark advance boundary, according to the standard engine calibration. Then E85 was injected and a spark timing sweep was carried out at rich, stoichiometric, and lean conditions. Engine performance and gaseous and particle exhaust emissions were measured. Adding ethanol could remove over-fueling with an increase in thermal efficiency without engine load penalties. Both ethanol and charge leaning resulted in a lowering of CO, HC, and PN emissions. DF injection promoted a faster evaporation of gasoline than in blend, shortening the combustion duration with a slight increase in THC and PN emissions compared to the mix mode.

scholarly journals Review of Performance and Emmissions Characteristics of Bio-Additive Fuel on SI Engine Fuelled by Biopetrol

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 430-434
Author(s):  
Azizul Mokhtar ◽  
Nazrul Atan ◽  
Najib Rahman ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Performance And Emissions

Bio-additive is biodegradable and produces less air pollution thus significant for replacing the limited fossil fuels and reducing threats to the environment from exhaust emissions and global warming. Instead, the bio-additives can remarkably improve the fuel economy SI engine while operating on all kinds of fuel. Some of the bio-additive has the ability to reduce the total CO2 emission from internal petrol engine. This review paper focuses to determine a new approach in potential of bio-additives blends operating with bio-petrol on performance and emissions of spark ignition engine. It is shown that the variant in bio-additives blending ratio and engine operational condition are reduced engine-out emissions and increased efficiency. It seems that the bio-additives can increase the maximum cylinder combustion pressure, improve exhaust emissions and largely reduce the friction coefficient. The review concludes that the additives usage in bio-petrol is inseparable for the better engine performance and emission control and further research is needed to develop bio-petrol specific additives.

Investigation of Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of Si Engine Fuelled with Ethanol Blends by Numerical Simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 597-601
Author(s):  
Ceyla Ozgur ◽  
Erdi Tosun ◽  
Tayfun Ozgur ◽  
Gökhan Tuccar ◽  
Kadi̇r Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Ethanol Addition ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

In this study the influences of ethanol addition to gasoline on an spark ignition engine performance and emissions were explored. AVL BOOST software was used to simulate the performance and emission characteristics of different ethanol-gasoline blends. The blended fuels contain 5%, 10% and 15% of ethanol by volume, and indicated as B95E5, B90E10, and B85E15, respectively. The results showed that ethanol addition to gasoline fuel improve combustion process, decrease CO emissions and reduce BSFC of the SI engine.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on the Performance and NOx Emission Characteristics of an 800cc MPI Turbocharged SI Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7419
Author(s):  
Seungmin Kim ◽  
Jaesam Shim ◽  
Youngsoo Cho ◽  
Back-Sub Sung ◽  
Jungsoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Valve Overlap ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

The main purpose of this study is to optimize engine performance and emission characteristics of off-road engines with retarded spark timing compared to MBT by repurposing the existing passenger engine. This study uses a one-dimensional (1D)-simulation to develop a non-road gasoline MPI turbo engine. The SI turbulent flame model of the GT-suite, an operational performance predictable program, presents turbocharger matching and optimal operation design points. To optimize the engine performance, the SI turbulent model uses three operation parameters: spark timing, intake valve overlap, and boost pressure. Spark timing determines the initial state of combustion and thermal efficiency, and is the main variable of the engine. The maximum brake torque (MBT) point can be identified for spark timing, and abnormal combustion phenomena, such as knocking, can be identified. Spark timing is related to engine performance, and emissions of exhaust pollutants are predictable. If the spark timing is set to variables, the engine performance and emissions can be confirmed and predicted. The intake valve overlap can predict the performance and exhaust gas by controlling the airflow and combustion chamber flow, and can control the performance of the engine by controlling the flow in the cylinder. In addition, a criterion can be set to consider the optimum operating point of the non-road vehicle while investigating the performance and exhaust gas emissions accompanying changes in boost pressure With these parameters, the design of experiment (DoE) of the 1D-simulation is performed, and the driving performance and knocking phenomenon for each RPM are predicted during the wide open throttle (WOT) of the gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The multi-objective Pareto technique is also used to optimize engine performance and exhaust gas emissions, and to present optimized design points for the target engine, the downsized gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The results of the Pareto optimal solution showed a maximum torque increase of 12.78% and a NOx decrease of 54.31%.

scholarly journals Oxygenated fuels properties and its relationship with engine performance in port fuel injection engines.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel Gonzalez ◽  
Isaac Schifter
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Heat Of Vaporization ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Charge Cooling

Gasoline oxygenating agents (alcohols, ethers and a carbonate) were used to formulate gasoline at different oxygencontents up to 20 wt.% and compared with commercial Premium gasoline.The performance of each fuel was investigated in a port fuel injected, single cylinder, spark-ignited engine at different stages i.e. air fuel mixture preparation, combustion behavior and exhaust emissions. In all cases, the intake cooling effect (related mainly to fuel properties like latent heat of vaporization and Reid Vapor Pressure), shows an important relationship with engine performance and emissions, probably due to reductions in heat losses associated with decreases in charge temperature at compression stroke before ignition. This results was confirmed by means of vehicle FTP-75 test.The high RVP promotes high intake manifold evaporation rate, and the high HoV is related to important cooling effect as the fuel absorbs heat during evaporation. If the fuel evaporates faster upstream intake valves, the advantages of high HoV as a way to reduce compression work and heat transfer fallen.The quantification of the charge cooling effect was done by means of precision intake air temperature control and the instrumentation of a temperature downstream the injector at intake port and as close as possible to the intake valves.The use of oxygenates reduce the hydrogen and carbon fuel contents as a result of fuel dilution. For a given level of oxygenation as lower is the molecular oxygen content in the additive, higher will be the fuel dilution.For 10 wt.% oxygen and more, fuel performance in port engines depends mainly on oxygenate contents and its relationship with HoV and RVP. For oxygenated gasolines, fuel sensitivity have a direct relationship with latent heatls increase RON. In the other hand, MON is almostinsensible to high heat of vaporization, because the intake air is heated to 159 C as a test requirement.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4855

scholarly journals A Comparison of Ethanol, Methanol, and Butanol Blending with Gasoline and Its Effect on Engine Performance and Emissions Using Engine Simulation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Simeon Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blended Fuels

Air pollution, especially in large cities around the world, is associated with serious problems both with people’s health and the environment. Over the past few years, there has been a particularly intensive demand for alternatives to fossil fuels, because when they are burned, substances that pollute the environment are released. In addition to the smoke from fuels burned for heating and harmful emissions that industrial installations release, the exhaust emissions of vehicles create a large share of the fossil fuel pollution. Alternative fuels, known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are derived from resources other than fossil fuels. Because alcoholic fuels have several physical and propellant properties similar to those of gasoline, they can be considered as one of the alternative fuels. Alcoholic fuels or alcohol-blended fuels may be used in gasoline engines to reduce exhaust emissions. This study aimed to develop a gasoline engine model to predict the influence of different types of alcohol-blended fuels on performance and emissions. For the purpose of this study, the AVL Boost software was used to analyse characteristics of the gasoline engine when operating with different mixtures of ethanol, methanol, butanol, and gasoline (by volume). Results obtained from different fuel blends showed that when alcohol blends were used, brake power decreased and the brake specific fuel consumption increased compared to when using gasoline, and CO and HC concentrations decreased as the fuel blends percentage increased.

Analysis of Variable Intake Runner Lengths and Intake Valve Open Timings on Engine Performances

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Zulkarnain Abdul Latiff ◽  
Aminuddin Saat ◽  
Mazlan Said ◽  
Shaiful Fadzil Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Variable Valve ◽  
Engine Development

In this paper, engine simulation tool is used to investigate the effect of variable intake manifold and variable valve timing technologies on the engine performance at full load engine conditions. Here, an engine model of 1.6 litre four cylinders, four stroke spark ignition (SI) engine is constructed using GT-Power software to represent the real engine conditions. This constructed model is then correlated to the experimental data to make sure the accuracy of this model. The comparison results of volumetric efficiency (VE), intake manifold air pressure (MAP), exhaust manifold back pressure (BckPress) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) show very well agreement with the differences of less than 4%. Then this correlated model is used to predict the engine performance at various intake runner lengths (IRL) and various intake valve open (IVO) timings. Design of experiment and optimisation tool are applied to obtain optimum parameters. Here, several configurations of IRL and IVO timing are proposed to give several options during the engine development work. A significant improvement is found at configuration of variable IVO timing and variable IRL compared to fixed IVO timing and fixed IRL.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Emissions, Noise, and Fuel Consumption Comparison of Direct and Indirect Piezoelectric and Solenoid Injectors in a Low-Compression-Ratio Diesel Engine

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano d’Ambrosio ◽  
Alessandro Ferrari ◽  
Alessandro Mancarella ◽  
Salvatore Mancò ◽  
Antonio Mittica
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

An experimental investigation has been carried out to compare the performance and emissions of a low-compression-ratio Euro 5 diesel engine featuring high EGR rates, equipped with different injector technologies, i.e., solenoid, indirect-acting, and direct-acting piezoelectric. The comparisons, performed with reference to a state-of-the-art double fuel injection calibration, i.e., pilot-Main (pM), are presented in terms of engine-out exhaust emissions, combustion noise (CN), and fuel consumption, at low–medium engine speeds and loads. The differences in engine performance and emissions of the solenoidal, indirect-acting, and direct-acting piezoelectric injector setups have been found on the basis of experimental results to mainly depend on the specific features of their hydraulic circuits rather than on the considered injector driving system.

Paper 4: The Effect of Combustion Chamber Shape and Other Engine Design Factors on Exhaust Emissions

1968 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dartnell ◽  
C. L. Goodacre ◽  
P. V. Lamarque
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Valve Timing ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Basic Engine ◽  
Design Factors

A Heron combustion chamber engine of 2 litre capacity has been utilized to investigate the effect of combustion chamber shape, increased mixture movement, valve timing, mixture formation, and reaction in the exhaust system on engine performance and level of exhaust emissions using the seven-mode U.S. Federal cycle. Such factors as carburettor weakening and limitation of intake manifold vacuum during overrun have been included in this investigation, and it has been shown that it is possible to reduce exhaust emissions and also satisfy the current U.S. requirements with an engine giving acceptable performance, improved economy, and unaffected reliability. Much of the information reported may be negative in terms of improvement to exhaust emissions by detailed engine design. Nevertheless, some positive conclusions have been reached as a result of this work, and it is hoped that this will draw forth more informed discussion than the authors have been able to assemble from the work attempted with one basic engine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document