scholarly journals Aromatics from Beechwood Organosolv Lignin through Thermal and Catalytic Pyrolysis

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos G. Kalogiannis ◽  
Leonidas Matsakas ◽  
Angelos A. Lappas ◽  
Ulrika Rova ◽  
Paul Christakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Organosolv Lignin ◽  
Biomass Fractionation ◽  
Lignin Fraction ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Bio Oil

Biomass fractionation, as an alternative to biomass pretreatment, has gained increasing research attention over the past few years as it provides separate streams of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These streams can be used separately and can provide a solution for improving the economics of emerging biorefinery technologies. The sugar streams are commonly used in microbial conversions, whereas during recent years lignin has been recognized as a valuable compound as it is the only renewable and abundant source of aromatic chemicals. Successfully converting lignin into valuable chemicals and products is key in achieving both environmental and economic sustainability of future biorefineries. In this work, lignin retrieved from beechwood sawdust delignification pretreatment via an organosolv process was depolymerized with thermal and catalytic pyrolysis. ZSM-5 commercial catalyst was used in situ to upgrade the lignin bio-oil vapors. Lignins retrieved from different modes of organosolv pretreatment were tested in order to evaluate the effect that upstream pretreatment has on the lignin fraction. Both thermal and catalytic pyrolysis yielded oils rich in phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons. Use of ZSM-5 catalyst assisted in overall deoxygenation of the bio-oils and enhanced aromatic hydrocarbons production. The oxygen content of the bio-oils was reduced at the expense of their yield. Organosolv lignins were successfully depolymerized towards phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons via thermal and catalytic pyrolysis. Hence, lignin pyrolysis can be an effective manner for lignin upgrading towards high added value products.

Products characterization for fast in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of bio-oil over Ni/Al2O3

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Zengtong Deng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Song Hu ◽  
Sheng Su ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Application of Upgraded Drop-In Fuel Obtained from Biomass Pyrolysis in a Spark Ignition Engine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Veses ◽  
Juan Martínez ◽  
María Callén ◽  
Ramón Murillo ◽  
Tomás García
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

This paper reports the performance of a spark ignition engine using gasoline blended with an upgraded bio-oil rich in aromatics and ethanol. This upgraded bio-oil was obtained using a two-step catalytic process. The first step comprised an in-situ catalytic pyrolysis process with CaO in order to obtain a more stable deoxygenated organic fraction, while the second consisted of a catalytic cracking of the vapours released using ZSM-5 zeolites to obtain an aromatics-rich fraction. To facilitate the mixture between bio-oil and gasoline, ethanol was added. The behaviour of a stationary spark ignition engine G12TFH (9600 W) was described in terms of fuel consumption and electrical efficiency. In addition, gaseous emissions and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were determined. Trial tests suggested that it is possible to work with a blend of gasoline, ethanol and bio-oil (90/8/2 vol%, herein named G90E8B2) showing similar fuel consumption than pure gasoline (G100) at the same load. Moreover, combustion could be considered more efficient when small quantities of ethanol and organic bio-oil are simultaneously added. A reduction, not only in the PAH concentrations but also in the carcinogenic equivalent concentrations, was also obtained, decreasing the environmental impact of the exhaust gases. Thus, results show that it is technically feasible to use low blends of aroma-rich bio-oil, ethanol and gasoline in conventional spark ignition engines.

Effect of acidity and manner of addition of HZSM-5 catalyst on the aromatic products during catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis

BioResources ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 8286-8305
Author(s):  
Yunwu Zheng ◽  
Lei Tao ◽  
Xiaoqin Yang ◽  
Yuanbo Huang ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Hydrocarbon Yield ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

To investigate the effects of acidity on aromatic yield and selectivity during the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, the silica to alumina ratio (SAR), as well as the amount and addition method of HZSM-5 catalyst were varied. The results showed that with an increase in the SAR, the pore volume was reduced, the average pore diameter of the HZSM-5 catalyst increased, and the total acidity and catalytic activity decreased. Meanwhile, the increase in acidity led to an increased non-condensable gases yield, which was associated with a decrease in the bio-oil yield. The calorific value and moisture content increased, and the ability of deoxygenation was enhanced. The single ring aromatic hydrocarbons (BTXE) content increased, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2-ring, 3-ring) content decreased noticeably. The selectivity of BTXE decreased substantially from 69 wt.% to 6.85 wt.%, while the selectivity of naphthalene and its derivatives increased remarkably, as the SAR increased. Additionally, the acidity increased the selectivity of unsubstituted aromatic compounds, but decreased the selectivity of substituted aromatic compounds. Moreover, ex situ catalytic pyrolysis more effectively enhanced the aromatic hydrocarbon yield and selectivity (69 wt.%) compared with in situ catalytic pyrolysis (27.51 wt.%), and in situ catalytic pyrolysis generated more polyaromatics and solid residue.

scholarly journals Aromatics Production With Cobalt-Modified Ultra-Stable Y Zeolites As Catalysts In Catalytic Pyrolysis of Ginkgo Biloba Residue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenwei Yu ◽  
Khurram yousaf ◽  
Fuyang Tian ◽  
Jialin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Y Zeolites ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

Abstract The current research studied the performance of novel and cheap catalysts, ultra-stable Y zeolites (USY) and cobalt-modified USY for the efficient production of aromatics from the ginkgo Biloba residue (GBR) using a pyrolysis reactor. Cobalt-modified USY improved the quality of the pyrolysis products e.g. removed unwanted impurities from bio-oil, increased the yield of gases, and overall boosted the GBR conversion. Under the action of USY modified with cobalt, the yield of CO, CH4, and CO2 in the gas production increased significantly, while the yield of H2 was dropped. The selectivity of naphthalene and 1-methylnaphthalene gradually decreased. The composition of aromatic hydrocarbons was reduced, while the content and selectivity ratios of toluene and xylene were increased. This study describes a high-value method using GBR, which could be used as a sustainable resource for the production of hydrocarbons, especially for the preparation of high-quality toluene and phenols.

Selective production of aromatic hydrocarbons from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass over Cu or Fe loaded mesoporous rod-like alumina

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (56) ◽  
pp. 50618-50629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surachai Karnjanakom ◽  
Asep Bayu ◽  
Pairuzha Xiaoketi ◽  
Xiaogang Hao ◽  
Suwadee Kongparakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Sunflower Stalks ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Alumina Catalysts

The selective production of aromatic hydrocarbons from bio-oil derived from the fast pyrolysis of sunflower stalks over Cu or Fe-modified mesoporous rod-like alumina catalysts was investigated.

Effect of oxide catalysts on the properties of bio-oil from in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen Yee Chong ◽  
Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar ◽  
Hoon Kiat Ng ◽  
Lai Yee Lee ◽  
Suyin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Bio Oil

In-situ catalytic pyrolysis upgradation of microalgae into hydrocarbon rich bio-oil: Effects of nitrogen and carbon dioxide environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 123758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Mo ◽  
Hongxia Dai ◽  
Li Feng ◽  
Bingzhi Liu ◽  
Xuhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Effects of torrefaction pretreatment and Mg-Al modified HZSM-5 catalysts on components distribution in bio-oils from camphorwood pyrolysis

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3706-3717
Author(s):  
Wei-Dong Liu ◽  
Shan-Jian Liu ◽  
Yong-Jun Li ◽  
An Zhao ◽  
Dong-Mei Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Maximum Content

Torrefaction pretreatment conducted at a low temperature is an important technique for refining the bio-oil and improving the production of some chemicals in the bio-oil (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbons). In this work, the effects of torrefaction temperature and catalysts on the yields of pyrolysis products and components distribution in the bio-oils were analyzed. The weak acid sites shifted to higher temperature as the HZSM-5 was modified by Mg2+ or Al3+. The catalytic pyrolysis from camphorwood was done at pyrolysis of 450 °C and torrefaction temperature of 200 °C. The catalysts remarkably influenced the yields of bio-oil and components distribution. The catalysts increased the production of phenols. The content of phenols in the resulting bio-oil exhibited the following trend: HZSM-5 < MgO-modified HZSM-5 < Al2O3-modified HZSM-5. In addition, the content of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol was the highest among all phenol components (5.58%). The production of aldehydes was remarkably improved by the Al2O3-modified HZSM-5, resulting in a maximum content of 8.21%. Thus the torrefaction temperature and catalysts would refine the bio-oil (such as the acid value decreased) and significantly improve the contents of components (such as D-allose, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propeny)-phenol, 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene, and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol). The results provide a theoretical basis for the resource recovery of biomass.

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