scholarly journals A Review of Battery Equalizer Circuits for Electric Vehicle Applications

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5688
Author(s):  
Alfredo Alvarez-Diazcomas ◽  
Adyr A. Estévez-Bén ◽  
Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz ◽  
Miguel-Angel Martínez-Prado ◽  
Roberto V. Carrillo-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electronics Industry ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
High Voltage Battery

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) cars, as they can reduce the environmental impact of transportation. The bottleneck for EVs is the high-voltage battery pack, which utilizes most of the space and increases the weight of the vehicle. Currently, the main challenge for the electronics industry is the cell equalization of the battery pack. This paper gives an overview of the research works related to battery equalizer circuits (BECs) used in EV applications. Several simulations were carried out for the main BEC topologies with the same initial conditions. The results obtained were used to perform a quantitative analysis between these schemes. Moreover, this review highlights important issues, challenges, variables and parameters associated with the battery pack equalizers and provides recommendations for future investigations. We think that this work will lead to an increase in efforts on the development of an advanced BEC for EV applications.

scholarly journals A novel hybrid thermal management approach towards high-voltage battery pack for electric vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 114676
Author(s):  
Lu Jin ◽  
Jun Tian ◽  
Shen Gao ◽  
Peng Xie ◽  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
High Voltage Battery

A Methodological Approach for Supporting the Thermal Design of Li-Ion Battery for Customized Electric Vehicles

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Landi ◽  
Paolo Cicconi ◽  
Michele Germani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Li Ion

An important issue in the mechanical industry is the reduction of the time to market, in order to meet quickly the customer needs. This goal is very important for SMEs that produce small lots of customized products. In the context of greenhouse gas emissions reduction, vehicles powered by electric motors seem to be the most suitable alternative to the traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. The market of customized electric vehicles is a niche market suitable for SMEs. Nowadays, the energy storage system of an electric vehicle powertrain consists of several Li-ion cells arranged in a container called battery pack. Particularly, the battery unit is considered as the most critical component in electric vehicle, because it impacts on performance and life cycle cost. Currently, the design of a battery pack mostly depends on the related market size. A longer design time is expected in the case of a large scale production. While a small customized production requires more agility and velocity in the design process. The proposed research focuses on a design methodology to support the designer in the evaluation of the battery thermal behavior. This work has been applied in the context of a customized small production. As test case, an urban electric light commercial vehicle has been analyzed. The designed battery layout has been evaluated and simulated using virtual prototyping tools. A cooling configuration has been analyzed and then prototyped in a physical vehicle. The virtual thermal behavior of a Li-ion battery has been validated at the test bench. The real operational conditions have been analyzed reproducing several ECE-15 driving cycles and many acceleration runs at different load values. Thermocouples have measured the temperature values during the physical experiments, in order to validate the analytical thermal profile evaluated with the proposed design approach.

Modelling of HEV Lithium-Ion High Voltage Battery Pack using Dynamic Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 6448-6453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Junnuri ◽  
Shivaram Kamat ◽  
Nitin Goyal ◽  
Ramanathan Annamalai ◽  
Dipali Modak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Dynamic Data ◽  
High Voltage Battery

scholarly journals Transformación de un vehículo de combustión a eléctrico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Alonso Salazar Marín ◽  
Juan Felipe Arroyave Londoño
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
The Impact

Colombia, like other developing countries, has been incorporating various electric vehicles in its automotive park, motivated by an emerging policy of incentives, a concern for the environment and health, and a high cost of fuel; however, these types of vehicles remain relatively expensive. The transformation of thermal vehicles (combustion engine) to electric vehicles becomes an interesting option, due to its low cost compared to new commercial electric vehicles and the positive environmental impact which represents. The present work illustrates the technological steps that have been required in the transformation from a traditional internal combustion vehicle to an electric one (sprint vehicle), showing the economic benefit and the impact on the attenuation of greenhouse gases. The analysis of the traction dynamics and validation with various laboratory and field (road) tests, have shown the viability of a transformed vehicle, which satisfies the power demands under different load...

scholarly journals Environmental and Economic Benefits of a Battery Electric Vehicle Powertrain with a Zinc–Air Range Extender in the Transition to Electric Vehicles

Vehicles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manh-Kien Tran ◽  
Steven Sherman ◽  
Ehsan Samadani ◽  
Reid Vrolyk ◽  
Derek Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Range Extender ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Li Ion

Emissions and pollution from the transportation sector due to the consumption of fossil fuels by conventional vehicles have been negatively affecting the global climate and public health. Electric vehicles (EVs) are a cleaner solution to reduce the emission and pollution caused by transportation. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the main type of energy storage system used in EVs. The Li-ion battery pack must be considerably large to satisfy the requirement for the vehicle’s range, which also increases the cost of the vehicle. However, considering that most people use their vehicles for short-distance travel during daily commutes, the large pack is expensive, inefficient and unnecessary. In a previous paper, we proposed a novel EV powertrain design that incorporated the use of a zinc–air (Zn–air) battery pack as a range-extender, so that a smaller Li-ion pack could be used to save costs. The design and performance aspects of the powertrain were analyzed. In this study, the environmental and economic benefits of the proposed dual-battery powertrain are investigated. The results from the new powertrain were compared with values from a standard EV powertrain with one large Li-ion pack and a conventional internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) powertrain. In addition, an air pollution model is developed to determine the total amount of pollution released by the transportation sector on Highway 401 in Ontario, Canada. The model was then used to determine the effects of mass passenger EV rollout on pollution reduction.

System Reliability of High-voltage Battery Systems for Electric Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Heim ◽  
Alexander Dautfest ◽  
David Flaschenträger ◽  
Chalid El Dsoki
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Battery Systems ◽  
High Voltage Battery

scholarly journals Managing Fuel Consumption and Emissions in the Renewed Fleet of a Transport Company

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Pašagić Škrinjar ◽  
Borna Abramović ◽  
Lucija Bukvić ◽  
Željko Marušić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Vehicle Purchase

This research shows the relationship between the energy emission parameters and CO2 equivalents for conventional fossil fuel-powered vehicles (ICEV, Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) to determine the life cycle costs of the vehicles. The combination of transport policy and alternative fuels has the purpose of creating a sustainable transport system. Transport policy focuses on increasing energy efficiency and reducing the price of electric vehicles as technology advances. The profitability for each vehicle type was also observed through current vehicle purchase prices. The main objective of this paper is to study the environmental impact of diesel vans, taking into account lifelong energy use, fuel consumption and CO2 equivalents through air pollution. Although the purchase price of the ICEV is less than the HEV, all electric vehicles are determined to have the lowest overall environmental impact during the operational phase. The goal of transport companies and logistics operators that own a fleet is to achieve quality service with maximum cost and negative environmental impact reduction.

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