scholarly journals Preliminary Evaluation of a Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Installation under the Climatic Conditions of Texas (USA)

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Fadhil Y. Al-Aboosi ◽  
Abdullah F. Al-Aboosi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have demonstrated growing competitiveness as a viable alternative to fossil fuel-based power plants to mitigate the negative impact of fossil energy sources on the environment. Notwithstanding, solar PV technology has not made yet a meaningful contribution in most countries globally. This study aims to encourage the adoption of solar PV systems on rooftop buildings in countries which have a good solar energy potential, and even if they are oil or gas producers, based on the obtained results of a proposed PV system. The performance of a rooftop grid-tied 3360 kWp PV system was analyzed by considering technical, economic, and environmental criteria, solar irradiance intensity, two modes of single-axis tracking, shadow effect, PV cell temperature impact on system efficiency, and Texas A&M University as a case study. The evaluated parameters of the proposed system include energy output, array yield, final yield, array and system losses, capacity factor, performance ratio, return on investment, payback period, Levelized cost of energy, and carbon emission. According to the overall performance results of the proposed PV system, it is found to be a technically, economically, and environmentally feasible solution for electricity generation and would play a significant role in the future energy mix of Texas.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Effect of Dust Deposition on a Car Park Photovoltaic System with Different Cleaning Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7636
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Alawasa ◽  
Rashid S. AlAbri ◽  
Amer S. Al-Hinai ◽  
Mohammed H. Albadi ◽  
Abdullah H. Al-Badi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Car Park ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dust Accumulation

For a decade, investments in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have been increasing exponentially in the Middle East. Broadly speaking, these investments have been facing tremendous challenges due to the harsh weather in this particular part of the world. Dust accumulation is one the challenges that negatively affects the performance of solar PV systems. The overall goal of this paper is to thoroughly investigate the effect of dust accumulation on the energy yield of car park PV systems. With this aim in mind, the paper presents scientific values for further research and opens the horizon for attracting further investments in solar PV systems. This study is based on a real PV system in the Sultanate of Oman and considers different cleaning cycles for 16 months (from 29 July 2018 to 10 November 2019). Furthermore, four different PV groups were assessed, and the system was monitored under different cleaning frequencies. In general, it was found that dust accumulation has a significant impact; under 29-day, 32-day, 72-day, and 98-day cleaning cycles, the average percentages of energy loss due to soiling were 9.5%, 18.2%, 31.13%, and 45.6%, respectively. In addition, the dust effect has a seasonal variation. The study revealed that dust accumulation has a more negative impact during summer than during winter. During summer, the energy losses due to soiling were 8.7% higher than those during winter. The difference was attributed to different environmental conditions, with high humidity and low wind speed being the main factors that worsen the impact of dust during summer. Based on the findings of this research, a monthly cleaning program is highly recommended in the city of Muscat.

scholarly journals Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a 3-kW PV system installation in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramhari Poudyal ◽  
Pavel Loskot ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Pv System

AbstractThis study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of installing a 3-kilowatt-peak (kWp) photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study also analyses the importance of scaling up the share of solar energy to contribute to the country's overall energy generation mix. The technical viability of the designed PV system is assessed using PVsyst and Meteonorm simulation software. The performance indicators adopted in our study are the electric energy output, performance ratio, and the economic returns including the levelised cost and the net present value of energy production. The key parameters used in simulations are site-specific meteorological data, solar irradiance, PV capacity factor, and the price of electricity. The achieved PV system efficiency and the performance ratio are 17% and 84%, respectively. The demand–supply gap has been estimated assuming the load profile of a typical household in Kathmandu under the enhanced use of electric appliances. Our results show that the 3-kWp PV system can generate 100% of electricity consumed by a typical residential household in Kathmandu. The calculated levelised cost of energy for the PV system considered is 0.06 $/kWh, and the corresponding rate of investment is 87%. The payback period is estimated to be 8.6 years. The installation of the designed solar PV system could save 10.33 tons of CO2 emission over its lifetime. Overall, the PV systems with 3 kWp capacity appear to be a viable solution to secure a sufficient amount of electricity for most households in Kathmandu city.

scholarly journals A Critical Appraisal of PV-Systems’ Performance

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Zainab Usman ◽  
Joseph Tah ◽  
Henry Abanda ◽  
Charles Nche
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
And Performance

Climate change and global warming have triggered a global increase in the use of renewable energy for various purposes. In recent years, the photovoltaic (PV)-system has become one of the most popular renewable energy technologies that captures solar energy for different applications. Despite its popularity, its adoption is still facing enormous challenges, especially in developing countries. Experience from research and practice has revealed that installed PV-systems significantly underperform. This has been one of the major barriers to PV-system adoption, yet it has received very little attention. The poor performance of installed PV-systems means they do not generate the required electric energy output they have been designed to produce. Performance assessment parameters such as performance yields and performance ratio (PR) help to provide mathematical accounts of the expected energy output of PV-systems. Many reasons have been advanced for the disparity in the performance of PV-systems. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the performance of installed PV-systems, such as geographical location, solar irradiance, dust, and shading. Other factors such as multiplicity of PV-system components in the market and the complexity of the permutations of these components, their types, efficiencies, and their different performance indicators are poorly understood, thus making it difficult to optimize the efficiency of the system as a whole. Furthermore, mathematical computations are presented to prove that the different design methods often used for the design of PV-systems lead to results with significant differences due to different assumptions often made early on. The methods for the design of PV-systems are critically appraised. There is a paucity of literature about the different methods of designing PV-systems, their disparities, and the outcomes of each method. The rationale behind this review is to analyze the variations in designs and offer far-reaching recommendations for future studies so that researchers can come up with more standardized design approaches.

scholarly journals Transformer less 1Φ Inverter for Grid-Connected PV Systems with an Optimized Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Baldwin Immanuel ◽  
P Muthukumar ◽  
C Gnanavel ◽  
M Rajavelan ◽  
M Marimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Grid Voltage ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Single Phase Inverter ◽  
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation

This paper investigates the transformerless single-phase inverter incorporates with the photovoltaic system along with the support of grid voltage. Solar Energy is a Non-Conventional Energy source which is mandatory for power generation due to their immeasurable parade and green pleasant nature. One-cycle control (OCC), Ruggedness and consistency which makes the interfacing with the grid easily. For grid interfacing, the inverter circuit does not need phase locked loop facility and are gradually being working for such solicitations. The strategy of the OCC inverter of one stage for solar PV applications is supported by means of a Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation to enhance inverter enactment at both low and high insolation levels. These factors allows the plan of a MPPT along P&O controller that pointedly progresses inverter playacting. Though, the OCC-based structures testified previous sensing of the grid voltage which slightly equalizers the strength of its characteristics, In order to dazed the restriction of prior researches, an One Cycle Control based grid-connected one-stage PV system is suggested. The sustainability of the suggested scheme is inveterate by performance simulation justification.

scholarly journals Fýsileiki virkjunar sólarorku á norðurslóðum: Reynsla af sólarpanelum IKEA á Íslandi

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sindri Þrastarson ◽  
Björn Marteinsson ◽  
Hrund Ólöf Andradóttir
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems

The efficiency and production costs of solar panels have improved dramatically in the past decades. The Nordic countries have taken steps in instigating photovoltaic (PV) systems into energy production despite limited incoming solar radiation in winter. IKEA installed the first major PV system in Iceland with 65 solar panels with 17.55 kW of production capacity in the summer of 2018. The purpose of this research was to assess the feasibility of PV systems in Reykjavík based on solar irradiation measurements, energy production of a PV array located at IKEA and theory. Results suggests that net irradiation in Reykjavík (64°N, 21° V) was on average about 780 kWh/m2 per year (based on years 2008-2018), highest 140 kWh/m2 in July and lowest 1,8 kWh/m2 in December. Maximum annual solar power is generated by solar panels installed at a 40° fixed angle. PV panels at a lower angle produce more energy during summer. Conversely, higher angles maximize production in the winter. The PV system produced over 12 MWh over a one-year period and annual specific yield was 712 kWh/kW and performance ratio 69% which is about 10% lower than in similar studies in cold climates. That difference can be explained by snow cover, shadow falling on the panels and panels not being fixed at optimal slope. Payback time for the IKEA PV system was calculated 24 years which considers low electricity prices in Reykjavik and unforeseen high installation costs. Solar energy could be a feasible option in the future if production- and installation costs were to decrease and if the solar PV output could be sold to the electric grid in Iceland.

Impact of Spectral Irradiance Distribution and Temperature on Concentrator Photovoltaic System

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 773-776
Author(s):  
Kensuke Nishioka ◽  
Yasuyuki Ota
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Spectrum Distribution ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Data Period

The output characteristics of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system were analyzed in the data period of a year from November 2010 to October 2011. Characteristics of CPV are more sensitive to environmental factors as compared to flat-plate PV system. Especially, solar spectrum distribution has considerable influence on the output of CPV because CPV uses multi-junction solar cells. In this study, we analyzed the influence of environmental factors using average photon energy (APE) and temperature of solar cell (Tcell). Most frequent condition during operation was APE = 1.87 ± 0.005 eV and Tcell = 65 ± 2.5 °C. Performance ratio at the most frequent condition was 83.9%. These results indicated the importance of the understanding of the behavior of the outdoor performance and the accurate data of environmental conditions where the PV systems were installed.

Performance Analysis of 14 MW Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S Kagilik ◽  
Abduraouf M Tawel
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
First Year ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Local Climate

Many Libyan authorities proposed to investigate the possibility of utilizing a suitable terrain in Libya to add generation capacity of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, the first grid-connected PV plant of 14 MWp which will be executed in Hoon city and supported by the Renewable Energy Authority of Libya (REAOL) is presented. To understand and improve the operational behavior of PV system, a comprehensive study including the plant design and detailed performance analysis under a local climate conditions is performed. Using polycrystalline silicon technology, the first year energy yield is estimated and the monthly system output for this plant is calculated. The performance ratio and various power losses (temperature, irradiance, power electronics, interconnection, etc.) are determined. The PV system supplied 24964 MWh to the grid during the first year giving an average annual overall yield factor 1783 kWh/kWp and average annual performance ratio of the system of 76.9%.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Ground-Mounted vs. Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems Optimized for Interrow Distance between Parallel Arrays

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3639
Author(s):  
Ahmed Bilal Awan ◽  
Mohammed Alghassab ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Abdul Rauf Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Uzair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Mutual Shading ◽  
Land Cost

The aim of this research is to perform an in-depth performance comparison of ground-mounted and rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. The PV modules are tilted to receive maximum solar irradiance. The efficiency of the PV system decreases due to the mutual shading impact of parallel tilted PV modules. The mutual shading decreases with the increasing interrow distance of parallel PV modules, but a distance that is too large causes an increase in land cost in the case of ground-mounted configuration and a decrease in roof surface shading in the case of rooftop configuration, because larger sections of roof are exposed to sun radiation. Therefore, an optimized interrow distance for the two PV configurations is determined with the aim being to minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCoE) and maximize the energy yield. The model of the building is simulated in EnergyPlus software to determine the cooling load requirement and roof surface temperatures under different shading scenarios. The layout of the rooftop PV system is designed in Helioscope software. A detailed comparison of the two systems is carried out based on energy output, performance ratio, capacity utilization factor (CUF), energy yield, and LCoE. Compared to ground-mounted configuration, the rooftop PV configuration results in a 2.9% increase in CUF, and up to a 23.7% decrease in LCoE. The results of this research show that installing a PV system on a roof has many distinct advantages over ground-mounted PV systems such as the shading of the roof, which leads to the curtailment of the cooling energy requirements of the buildings in hot regions and land cost savings, especially for urban environments.

Estimation and Performance analysis of a 15kW Off-Grid Solar PV System

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.25) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneswari C ◽  
Vijay B ◽  
Natarajan P
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Capacity Utilisation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant

The primary and most universal measure of all kinds of work by nature is the energy. Coal, Natural gas, Oil and Nuclear energy are net energy yielders and primary sources of energy. The intent of this paper is to assess the performance of 15KW solar power plant installed in Priyadarshini Engineering College (PEC) campus, Vaniyambadi, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu. A 15 kW solar PV plant has been installed to supply electricity to the internet laboratory and library (lighting load). The results obtained from monitoring a 15 KW Solar Photovoltaic system installed on a library roofing of 10m height building. The system was monitored between (July-Sep2016) from 9.30AM to 4.30PM for three days in a week from Monday to Wednesday. The results can be used to provide manufacturers to develop their products and enhance the knowledge in the future in order to improve the design of the off-grid solar photovoltaic system, return of investment during these years. This work focuses on the performance of the solar photovoltaic plant (July-Sep2016) monthly average demand and annual performance parameters, Efficiency, fill factor,capacity Utilisation factor and the characteristics have been plotted in a graph. The graph is drawn between Generated power vs consumed power. The annual yield of the solar photovoltaic plant ranged from 6500-7000 Kwh and performance ratio of 78%. It has capacity Utilisation factor with 6.97%. 

scholarly journals A Solar Photovoltaic Performance and Financial Modeling Solution for Grid-Connected Homes in Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Katundu Imasiku
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Power Load

Zambia is today 90% hydropower dependent, but this may change because Zambia and the World at large are today facing a changing climate that affects the ecosystem, rain patterns, and spurs drought which reduces the production of hydropower. The current power deficit experienced in Zambia points to a need to deploy a renewable energy generation-mix strategy. This study conducts a solar photovoltaic performance and financial analysis for grid-connected homes in Zambia to investigate the role of solar energy as an enabler for energy security in Zambia using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) System Advisor Model (SAM) simulation method. It further reviews the available solar irradiance, modeling a detailed grid-connected photovoltaic system using locally available products for a single owner in a power purchase agreement (PPA) with the Zambia Electricity Company Limited (ZESCO). This model would alleviate the current power load shedding experienced by the residential sector, of up to 22 hours of no electricity out of 24 hours in a day. Alongside the technical performance model and an unfavorable business climate in Zambia, a financial model is also developed to help assess project feasibility and financial viability. A 1 kW solar PV system was modeled at an installation cost of US$1.27 per watt on a short-term basis of 5 years and found that the project is feasible with a 28.52% IRR achieved in 3 years and a 69% performance ratio and a debt service coverage ratio (DSCR) of 5.12 by the end of the project life, thereby indicating capability to turn around Zambia’s energy poverty to meet the UN SDG 7.

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