scholarly journals Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a 3-kW PV system installation in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramhari Poudyal ◽  
Pavel Loskot ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Pv System

AbstractThis study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of installing a 3-kilowatt-peak (kWp) photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study also analyses the importance of scaling up the share of solar energy to contribute to the country's overall energy generation mix. The technical viability of the designed PV system is assessed using PVsyst and Meteonorm simulation software. The performance indicators adopted in our study are the electric energy output, performance ratio, and the economic returns including the levelised cost and the net present value of energy production. The key parameters used in simulations are site-specific meteorological data, solar irradiance, PV capacity factor, and the price of electricity. The achieved PV system efficiency and the performance ratio are 17% and 84%, respectively. The demand–supply gap has been estimated assuming the load profile of a typical household in Kathmandu under the enhanced use of electric appliances. Our results show that the 3-kWp PV system can generate 100% of electricity consumed by a typical residential household in Kathmandu. The calculated levelised cost of energy for the PV system considered is 0.06 $/kWh, and the corresponding rate of investment is 87%. The payback period is estimated to be 8.6 years. The installation of the designed solar PV system could save 10.33 tons of CO2 emission over its lifetime. Overall, the PV systems with 3 kWp capacity appear to be a viable solution to secure a sufficient amount of electricity for most households in Kathmandu city.

scholarly journals A Critical Appraisal of PV-Systems’ Performance

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Zainab Usman ◽  
Joseph Tah ◽  
Henry Abanda ◽  
Charles Nche
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
And Performance

Climate change and global warming have triggered a global increase in the use of renewable energy for various purposes. In recent years, the photovoltaic (PV)-system has become one of the most popular renewable energy technologies that captures solar energy for different applications. Despite its popularity, its adoption is still facing enormous challenges, especially in developing countries. Experience from research and practice has revealed that installed PV-systems significantly underperform. This has been one of the major barriers to PV-system adoption, yet it has received very little attention. The poor performance of installed PV-systems means they do not generate the required electric energy output they have been designed to produce. Performance assessment parameters such as performance yields and performance ratio (PR) help to provide mathematical accounts of the expected energy output of PV-systems. Many reasons have been advanced for the disparity in the performance of PV-systems. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the performance of installed PV-systems, such as geographical location, solar irradiance, dust, and shading. Other factors such as multiplicity of PV-system components in the market and the complexity of the permutations of these components, their types, efficiencies, and their different performance indicators are poorly understood, thus making it difficult to optimize the efficiency of the system as a whole. Furthermore, mathematical computations are presented to prove that the different design methods often used for the design of PV-systems lead to results with significant differences due to different assumptions often made early on. The methods for the design of PV-systems are critically appraised. There is a paucity of literature about the different methods of designing PV-systems, their disparities, and the outcomes of each method. The rationale behind this review is to analyze the variations in designs and offer far-reaching recommendations for future studies so that researchers can come up with more standardized design approaches.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evaluation of a Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Installation under the Climatic Conditions of Texas (USA)

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Fadhil Y. Al-Aboosi ◽  
Abdullah F. Al-Aboosi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have demonstrated growing competitiveness as a viable alternative to fossil fuel-based power plants to mitigate the negative impact of fossil energy sources on the environment. Notwithstanding, solar PV technology has not made yet a meaningful contribution in most countries globally. This study aims to encourage the adoption of solar PV systems on rooftop buildings in countries which have a good solar energy potential, and even if they are oil or gas producers, based on the obtained results of a proposed PV system. The performance of a rooftop grid-tied 3360 kWp PV system was analyzed by considering technical, economic, and environmental criteria, solar irradiance intensity, two modes of single-axis tracking, shadow effect, PV cell temperature impact on system efficiency, and Texas A&M University as a case study. The evaluated parameters of the proposed system include energy output, array yield, final yield, array and system losses, capacity factor, performance ratio, return on investment, payback period, Levelized cost of energy, and carbon emission. According to the overall performance results of the proposed PV system, it is found to be a technically, economically, and environmentally feasible solution for electricity generation and would play a significant role in the future energy mix of Texas.

scholarly journals Design and Economic Analysis of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar PV System for Typical Home Applications in Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razzaqul Ahshan ◽  
A. M. Al-Hanshi ◽  
M. A. Al-Naabi ◽  
H. A. Al-Hashmi ◽  
A. H. Al-Badi
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Design System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Rooftop Solar

This paper presents a techno-economic investigation of an integrated rooftop solar PV system for typical home applications in Oman that reduces the power consumption from the grid and export excess PV generated power back to the gird. Since renewable energy systems design technically depends on the site, this study selects a typical two-story villa in Al-Hamra, Oman as the site. Temperature is one of the critical parameters in this design as it varies widely over the day and has a considerable variation from one season to another in Oman. With the effect of temperature variation, the PV system has designed using system models for the required load of the home. The available rooftop space and the grid-connection availability are two main design constraints have realized in this study. This research also evaluates the economic feasibility of the design system considering the energy export tariff as per the Bulk Supply Tariff (BST) scheme in Oman. The design outcome reveals that the designed PV system can supply the load energy requirement in a year. In addition, the rooftop solar PV system can sell surplus energy back to the grid that generates additional revenue for the owner of the system. The economic performance indices such as payback period, internal rate of return, net present value, and profitability index ensure the financial feasibility of the designed rooftop solar PV system for the selected home. 

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of 33KW Grid Connected Solar Roof Top Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1765-1770
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Ip Address ◽  
The Third ◽  
Final Array

Solar Roof tops are being progressively used worldwide now a days to install solar panels to generate electricity. One such step has been taken by S.R.K.R Engineering College to generate power through solar roof tops by installing a 33KWp On-grid solar power system (Latitude 16.54° N and Longitude 81.50° E) during April-2016. This grid connected PV system is installed at an area of 345 sq. m and the PV modules are tilted at an angle of 18° on the top of a 3 staired building. This paper analyses the Performance of a 33KWp On-grid photovoltaic system which is monitored between Jan-2019 to Dec-2019. Some part of electricity generated by the system is consumed by the college and the remaining power was fed in to the state grid. The tariff for the grid connected system is based on the energy consumed from the grid and the energy supplied in to the grid. The data is collected from the Data-logger of the inverter which is having an IP address. This data is collected according to the IEC protocol which suggests to collect the data for every 15 minutes. The data is collected from the inverter in this format and is stored as a csv file every day. This data along with the meteorological data collected from the coordinates of the site are analyzed by using pvsyst simulation software. The performance of this system is found for the third year in operation. . The analysis of the PV system has been done to enumerate its performance at each and every component and thereby develop solution to mitigate the problems. The different parameters including efficiencies of panels, inverter, array’s initial yield, final array yield, and the performance ratio of PV system are analyzed.

scholarly journals Designing of a Hybrid Photovoltaic Structure for an Energy-Efficient Street Lightning System Using PVsyst Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tamoor ◽  
Abdul Rauf Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Farhan ◽  
Sajjad Miran ◽  
Faakhar Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Utility Grid

With the depletion of traditional fossil fuels, their disastrous impact on the environment and rising costs, renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) energy are rapidly emerging as sustainable and clean sources of power generation. The performance of photovoltaic systems is based on different factors such as the type of photovoltaic modules, irradiation potential and geographic location. In this research, PVsyst simulation software is used to design and simulate a hybrid photovoltaic system used to operate energy-efficient street lightning system. The simulation is performed to analyze the monthly/annual energy generated (kWh) by the hybrid system and specific power production (kWh/KWp). Additionally, various PV system losses are also investigated. The hybrid PV system has 4 parallel strings, and each string has 13 series-connected (mono crystalline 400 W Canadian Solar) PV modules. The energy storage system consists of 16 Narada (AcmeG 12 V 200) batteries with a nominal capacity of 1600 Ah. The simulation results show that the total annual energy production and specific energy production, were calculated to be 26.68 MWh/year and 1283 kWh/kWp/year, respectively. Simulation results also show the maximum energy injected into the utility grid in the month of June (1.814 MWh) and the minimum energy injected into the utility grid in the month of January (0.848 MWh). The battery cycle state of wear is 84.8%, and the static state of wear is 91.7%. Performance ratio (PR) analysis shows that the highest performance ratio of the hybrid system was 68.2% in December, the lowest performance ratio was 62.7% in May and the annual average performance ratio of a hybrid PV system is 65.57%. After identifying the major source of energy losses, the detailed losses for the whole year were computed and shown by the loss diagrams. To evaluate the cost effectiveness of the proposed system, a simple payback period calculation was performed.

scholarly journals A Techno-Economic Analysis of Off-Grid Solar PV System: A Case Study for Punjab Province in Pakistan

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Zhen-yu Zhao ◽  
Munir Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Solar Pv System

Fossil fuels are the primary sources of electricity generation in Pakistan. The energy demand and supply gap have intensified recently due to the massive population and fossil fuels are unable to meet the gigantic energy requirement of the country. Meanwhile, they also have adverse environmental impacts. Remote rural regions that are far away from the national grid do not have any means to fulfill their energy needs. The off-grid solar photovoltaic (PV) system has emerged to be the best energy option to electrify these remote regions. However, the strategic problem pertaining to local electricity generation is the absence of the area-specific generation capacity and economic feasibility data for solar energy. To address this problem, this study aims to assess the potential and economic viability of utilizing an off-grid solar PV system for rural electrification in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The research results reveal that there is an excellent solar irradiance in the rural areas of Punjab for electricity generation. In addition, suitable tilt angles have been calculated to increase the energy output of solar PV in the respective regions. Furthermore, this study has undertaken the economic viability for solar PV systems, and it was found that electricity generation from the solar PV costs Pakistani rupees (PKR) 7.15 per kWh and is much cheaper than conventional electricity, which costs PKR 20.7 per kWh. Besides, the system can reduce carbon emissions considerably. If 100% of the unelectrified households adopt solar PV system, then 617,020 metric tons of CO2 could be mitigated annually. Based on research findings, this study has suggested essential policy recommendations that would serve as a guideline for the government and stakeholders to maximum deploy the off-grid solar PV rural electrification programs in Punjab as well as on a national scale.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Feasibility Assessment of Grid-Connected PV Systems for Residential Buildings in Saudi Arabia—A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir A. Imam ◽  
Yusuf A. Al-Turki ◽  
Sreerama Kumar R.
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Cost Of Energy

This paper presents a techno-economic feasibility evaluation for a grid-connected photovoltaic energy conversion system on the rooftop of a typical residential building in Jeddah, one of the major cities in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, electric energy consumption is the highest in the domestic sector, with 48.1% of the total electricity consumption. As the power generation in Saudi Arabia mainly relies on conventional resources, environmental pollution and energy sustainability are major concerns. To minimize these issues, the Saudi government is in the process of maximizing the utilization of renewable energy resources for power generation. Investing in solar energy in Saudi Arabia is important because the country is witnessing a rapid increase in load demand, with annual growth rates of 6%. In this paper, the system advisor model software for renewable energy modeling has been utilized to perform a techno-economic feasibility analysis of a residential grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system, which is proposed for a typical apartment in Saudi Arabia, on the basis of various key performance indicators, namely: yield factor, capacity factor, performance ratio, levelized cost of energy, net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period. A sensitivity analysis that investigates the impact of varying techno-economic parameters on system performance and feasibility is also discussed. The size of the PV system for a typical Saudi Arabian apartment is estimated to be 12.25 kW. Results have shown that the proposed system can generate 87% of the electricity needs of an apartment. The technical analysis showed that the capacity factor and the performance ratio were 22% and 78% respectively. The levelized cost of energy and net present value revealed competitive figures of 0.0382 $/kWh and $4378, respectively. The investigations indicate that residential PV installations are an effective option for energy management in the country.

scholarly journals The Possibility of Generating Electricity Using Small-Scale Wind Turbines and Solar Photovoltaic Systems for Households in Northern Cyprus: A Comparative Study

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassem ◽  
Al Zoubi ◽  
Gökçekuş
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Northern Cyprus

The increased energy demand and related environmental problems caused by burning fossil fuels have raised interest in alternative energy sources. This study investigated the wind characteristics and available wind energy for three urban regions in Northern Cyprus using the Weibull distribution function. The results illustrate that Gazimağusa is the most applicable location for harvesting the kinetic energy of the wind compared to Lefkoşa and Girne. Moreover, the solar potential at a specific location can be analyzed using a different simulation tool. In the present paper, the performance of a rooftop Photovoltaic (PV) system for household buildings in three selected is assessed. Three types of simulation software (PVGIS, PV*SOL, and PVWatts) are used to evaluate the performance of the 6.4 kWp grid-connected rooftop PV system. This study assessed the energy generation, performance ratio and capacity factor for this PV system. The results concluded that PVGIS is an easy, fast, and reliable software tool that can be used for the simulation of a solar PV system in the studied regions. Furthermore, an economic evaluation of renewable systems in the three urban regions is presented. As a result, a small-scale grid-connected solar/wind system that is able to generate electricity with an excellent percentage of clean energy was proposed and developed. The analysis indicates that the proposed PV projects showed significant potential in the studied locations. In addition, the proposed PV system is the most economical option for generating electricity compared to wind systems due to the low electricity prices and of the ability to recover the initial investment. Consequently, it is expected that the simulation results will help in demonstrating the advantages and challenges of installing grid-connected PV systems for households in Northern Cyprus in order to reduce the electricity consumption produced by fossil fuels.

Comparison Position of Solar PV System : College Learning Building South Lampung

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishal Asri
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
College Learning ◽  
A Performance

Sunlight is energy that can be converted into electrical energy. One of the uses is by applying it to the roof ofthe building. The application in this building has restrictions such as the placement of the PV moduleshorizontally and vertically. In the study comparing the results of energy obtained from the PV system withhorizontal and vertical positions with a standard degree angle in the direction of azimuth sunlight. Positionusing the horizontal produces more energy and reaches a performance ratio of more than 80%.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of 100kWp Roof-top Grid-connected PV System installed in Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 8441-8444 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Efficiency Performance

The performance of 100 kWp roof-top grid-connected PV system was evaluated. The plant was installed at PGDM building in Sharda University, Greater Noida in northern India. The plant was monitored from March 2018 to February 2019. Performance parameters such as system efficiency, performance ratio, capacity utilization factor, and degradation rate were obtained. The plant performance result was compared with the estimated results obtained from SAM and PVsyst software. The total annual energy output was found to be 16426 kWh. The annual average system efficiency and capacity utilization factor of the plant was found to be 15.62 % and 14.72 % respectively. The annual performance ratio and annual degradation rate were found to be 76% and 1.28%/year respectively. The annual performance ratio obtained from SAM and PVsyst was found to be 78% and 82% respectively. It was noticed that the measured performance ratio was highly relative with the one obtained from SAM software.

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