scholarly journals Influence of Electrification Pathways in the Electricity Sector of Ethiopia—Policy Implications Linking Spatial Electrification Analysis and Medium to Long-Term Energy Planning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209
Author(s):  
Ioannis Pappis ◽  
Andreas Sahlberg ◽  
Tewodros Walle ◽  
Oliver Broad ◽  
Elusiyan Eludoyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
The Government

Ethiopia is a low-income country, with low electricity access (45%) and an inefficient power transmission network. The government aims to achieve universal access and become an electricity exporter in the region by 2025. This study provides an invaluable perspective on different aspects of Ethiopia’s energy transition, focusing on achieving universal access and covering the country’s electricity needs during 2015–2065. We co-developed and investigated three scenarios to examine the policy and technology levels available to the government to meet their national priorities. To conduct this analysis, we soft-linked OnSSET, a modelling tool used for geospatial analysis, with OSeMOSYS, a cost-optimization modelling tool used for medium to long-run energy planning. Our results show that the country needs to diversify its power generation system to achieve universal access and cover its future electricity needs by increasing its overall carbon dioxide emissions and fully exploit hydropower. With the aim of achieving universal access by 2025, the newly electrified population is supplied primarily by the grid (65%), followed by stand-alone (32%) technologies. Similarly, until 2065, most of the electrified people by 2025 will continue to be grid-connected (99%). The country’s exports will increase to 17 TWh by 2065, up from 832 GWh in 2015, leading to a cumulative rise in electricity export revenues of 184 billion USD.

scholarly journals How Does the Law and Policy Encourage Towards a Low Carbon Energy Transition in the Scotland?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Md. Raisul Islam Sourav
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

This article contains a doctrinal analysis of the law and policy encouragement towards a low carbon energy transition in the Scotland. To do this, the present article is primarily focused on electricity sector of the Scotland and its commitment towards a low carbon transition in this sector in coming years. This article analyzes the existing significant laws and policies in Scotland that encourage towards a low carbon transition. However, it also evaluates international obligation upon the Scotland and the UK, as well, towards this transition. Subsequently, it assesses the UK’s legal framework in this regard. However, Scotland is firmly committed to achieve its targets towards a low carbon transition in the power sector although it needs more incentive and tight observation of the government to smoothen the process.

Entrepreneurs’ Competencies and Competitive Advantages: A Study on Malaysian Microenterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 097215091985493
Author(s):  
Syed Ali Fazal ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Ghazali Bin Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Mehedi Masud
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Competency

Considering the significance of relevant competencies towards business success and the dependency of socio-economical vulnerable micro-entrepreneurs on their enterprise income, this study examined the effect of entrepreneurs’ competencies (i.e., opportunity recognizing competency, strategic competency, organizing competency, relationship competency, conceptual competency and commitment competency) on the competitive advantage of microenterprises in Malaysia. This study adopted a cross-sectional research design and collected quantitative data from 300 randomly selected respondents from Peninsular Malaysia. The findings revealed significant positive effects of organizing and commitment competency on the competitive advantage with a significantly negative effect of relationship competency on the competitive advantage. Apart from enriching the current literature, this study offers significant policy implications for the government and socio-developmental organizations in Malaysia for improving the micro-entrepreneurship and uplifting large low-income groups from poverty.

The Dynamic Fluctuation Relationship between China’s Urbanization and the Disparity of Urban-Rural Resident Living Direct Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A SVAR Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 6079-6083
Author(s):  
Yaqin Liu ◽  
Guo Hao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rural Resident ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Fluctuation

Currently, continuous China’s urbanization will emit considerable carbon dioxide emissions, so that China is facing mounting pressure from not only the international community but also domestic itself. This paper applies SVAR model to evaluate the dynamic fluctuation relationship between China’s urbanization and the disparity of urban-rural resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions. The result indicates that the urbanization has an obvious positive effect on the difference of resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions from urban and rural in the short term and it has negative impact in the long term. Moreover, the impact of urban-rural resident living direct carbon dioxide emissions disparity on the urbanization has a negative effect in the short term, gradually turns into a positive, and finally stabilizes zero level. Based on the above conclusions, the government should provide corresponding policy implications for China's carbon emission reduction.

Germany’s Energiewende at a Crossroads

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Jonas Heering ◽  
Thane Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Collaborative Action ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
National Leadership ◽  
Real Progress ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Compromises

This article examines Germany’s current climate and energy policies. Nearly two decades on, Germany’s Energiewende—the transition to a less carbonintensive economy—is at a crossroads. While remarkable advances have been made, the technical difficulties of expanding the energy transition beyond the electricity sector, the mounting costs of the transition itself, and now the covid-19 pandemic are slowing further progress. Maintaining the momentum of the Energiewende would require collaborative action, yet the principal political players have different agendas, making it difficult to reach decisions. In this article, we consider three of those actors: the German public, the opposition parties, and the government. We find that agreements on German climate policy have been diluted in political compromises and that real progress is being blocked. These problems will only increase as Germany deals with the consequences of the pandemic and faces a transition in national leadership in 2021.

scholarly journals The Raspberry Pi as a Computer Substitute at Elementary Schools in Developing Countries: A Pilot Experiment in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 04023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Nuñez-Unda ◽  
Angelo Vera ◽  
Lidice Haz ◽  
Viviana Pinos ◽  
Roberto Zurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Pilot Experiment ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
The Government ◽  
Technology And Communication

One of the main challenges of developing countries is to shorten the digital divide that exists with developed countries and countries in transition. The government of Ecuador through its National Plan for Technologies and Telecommunications (Plan Nacional de Telecomunicaciones y Tecnologías), has as a goal to give universal access to Technologies of Information and Communication (TICs) to its entire citizens. One of its projects is to assure connectivity and infrastructure in schools. This paper proposes a low-cost open source solution to improve the access to information technology and communication through computers to children of schools in low income areas. The proposed alternative was set out to using the Raspberry Pi 3 s a substitute of standard computer. Its performance and capabilities were put to test comparing them to standard PC main functions. the pilot experiment was implemented at the "Ciudad de Ariel" elementary school, located on Durán, Ecuador.

scholarly journals Implementation of Swadaya Housing Stimulant Assistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 650-669
Author(s):  
Mia Sekarvilia ◽  
Karsinah Karsinah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Beneficiary Community ◽  
Prior Notification ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Government

People who are less fortunate still find it difficult to get access to decent homes. The Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Public Works and Housing has developed a program that is oriented towards housing development, namely the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance aimed at Low-Income Communities. The purpose of this study is to measure the success of the implementation of Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance in Tempuran Village, Bringin District, Semarang Regency. The research method used is descriptive percentage. The type of data used is primary data using a questionnaire. The variables used are program standards and targets, institutional capacity, funding and social and political conditions. The results of the study, the percentage of standard variables and program targets is 73% categorized as successful. The results of the analysis of the percentage of institutional capacity variables that is 73% are categorized successful. The results of the analysis of the percentage of financing variables are 86% until the categorization is very successful. The results of the analysis of the percentage of social and political conditions variables are 44% categorized quite successful. The policy implications, assistance and supervision of the Field Facilitator are needed for the KPB to carry out its development independently, the need for prior notification of the preparation of additional self-funding in the BSPS program by the beneficiary community itself for the completion of the housing construction process, the need for participation from surrounding communities and interest groups who have the opinion that the implementation goes well. Masyarakat yang kurang beruntung masih sulitnya akses untuk mendapatkan rumah layak huni. Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Kementeriann PUPR membuat suatu program yang berorientasi pada pembangunan perumahan yaitu Bantuan Stimulan Perumahan Swadaya ditujukan bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah. Tujuajn penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur keberhasilan impelementasi Bantuan Stimulan Perumahan Swadaya di Desa Tempuran Kecamatan Bringin Kabupaten Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif persentase. Jenis data yang digunakan adalaah data primer dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Variabel yang digunakan adalah standar dan sasaran program, kapasitas kelembagaan, pembiayaan serta kondisi sosial dan politik. Hasil penelitian persentase variabel standar dan sasaran program adalah sebesar 73% dikategorikan berhasil. Hasil analisis persentase variabel kapasitas kelembagaan yaitu 73% dikategorikan berhasil. Hasil analisis persentase variabel pembiayaan adalah 86% sdikategorikan sangat berhasil. Hasil analisi persentase variabel kondisi sosial dan politik adalah 44% dikategorikan cukup berhasil. Implikasi kebijakan, pendampingan dan pengawasan dari Tenaga Fasilitator Lapangan diperlukan agar KPB melakukan pembangunannya secara swadaya, perlunya pemberitahuan terlebih dahulu untuk persiapan dana tambahan swadaya pada program BSPS oleh masyarakat penerima bantuan itu sendiri demi terselesaikannya proses pembangunan rumah, perlunya partisipasi dari masyarakat sekitar serta kelompok kepentingan yang berpengarung agar implementasi berjalan dengan baik.

scholarly journals GOVERNMENTAL SUPPORT MECHANISM OF THE RENEWABLE ENERGY IN GERMANY

2016 ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
N. V. Kozaeva
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Energy Reform

German Energy transition could be considered to be one of the most challenging a widescaled reforms, quite capital-intensive, requiring a high level of scientific input, having an influence on other economic sectors and economic entities. Energy reform is intended to increase the energy security level by increasing the share of renewables in its energy portfolio, environmental protection by decreasing the emission into the atmosphere and the level of energy consumption. Since 1990 the share of renewables in the whole energy sector and in electricity sector has been rising steadily. Governmental support, including direct finance, fiscal benefits and creating favorable market conditions for the sector has been expanding for renewable and declining for traditional energy. The costs for renewable energy are more transparent, during those for traditional energy are often hidden and indirectly charge the budget, can emerge later in form of subsequent costs of the climate. However, the system of support itself discloses its imperfection, when its implementation causes an opposite impact or contradiction between several instruments, which are actually aimed to solve one problem. Given the high strategic importance of the goals set, even an evident necessity to revise the mechanism of governmental support doesn't, however, mean that the government doubts the usefulness of the reform.

scholarly journals Socially inclusive renewable energy transition in sub-Saharan Africa: A social shaping of technology analysis of appliance uptake in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Muza ◽  
Ramit Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Social Shaping Of Technology ◽  
Social Shaping

Rural off-grid renewable energy solutions often fail due to uncertainties in household energy demand, insufficient community engagement, inappropriate financial models, policy inconsistency and lack of political will. Social shaping of technology (SST) of specific household electric appliances provides a critical lens of understanding the involved socio-technical drivers behind these constraints. This study employs an SST lens to investigate appliance uptake drivers in Rwanda using the EICV5 micro dataset, such that these drivers can aid in policy design of a socially inclusive renewable energy transition. The methodology includes a systemic and epistemological review of current literature on the drivers of appliance uptake in the Global South. These drivers were then analysed using binary logistic regression on 14,580 households. Results show that appliance uptake is highly gendered in Rwanda and the type of appliance determines its diffusion across the welfare categories, commonly referred as to Ubudehe categories. Regression results show that mobile phones, radios and TV-sets have a higher likelihood of ownership than welfare appliances (refrigerator and laundry machine) by low-income households. There is also a high likelihood of uptake of power stabilisers in urban areas, indicating poor power quality. Policy implications were drawn using the lens of disruptive innovation.

scholarly journals Inequality in energy transitions: Subnational air pollution disparities resulting from national decarbonization strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teagan Goforth ◽  
Destenie Nock
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Energy Equality ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
Rapid Changes

Abstract Energy transitions and decarbonization require rapid changes to a nation’s generation mix. There are a host of possible decarbonization pathways, yet there is vast uncertainty about how different decarbonization pathways will advance or derail the nation’s energy equality goals. We present a framework for investigating how decarbonization pathways, driven by a least cost paradigm, will lead to air pollution inequality across different vulnerabilities (e.g., low-income, energy poverty). If an equitable energy transition is the goal (i.e., one that reaches total equality), using least cost optimization capacity expansion models without strict renewable energy technology mandates will not accomplish this. Thus, it is imperative that decisions regarding national regarding national decarbonization pathways have strict mandates for equality outcomes or be driven by an equality focused paradigm.

scholarly journals Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition security in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
A Suryana ◽  
M D Hartono ◽  
M R Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Government ◽  
Zero Hunger

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has negative impacts on the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs) goal number 2: Zero Hunger. The poor and temporary unemployed, due to pandemic, experienced the hardest hit. Objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of the pandemic on the achievement of the SDGs goal 2, especially the targets 2.1 and 2.2 (universal access to safe and nutritious food and end all forms of malnutrition). The scope of this study was at the country level, and data used were from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS/Statistics Indonesia) and related ministries for the 2015‒2020 period. Data were analyzed using a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. This study indicated that the pandemic disrupted the improvement of food and nutrition security in Indonesia that has been achieved until 2019. Compared to the previous year, in 2020, the prevalence of undernourishment (8.34%) and food quality consumed measured by the desirable dietary pattern (86.3) worsened, and the prevalence of food insecurity experience scale (5.12%) decreased but at a slower rate. The low-income households and families headed by a women or disabilities were among the most vulnerable groups in maintaining food security. The government social assistance programs distributed timely have resulted in positive impacts in easing the burden. Since the pandemic has not ended yet, the social safety net programs should be extended and the government’s effort to maintain food supply and price stabilization should be continued.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document