scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy in Myanmar: Energy Source Preference

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Masako Numata ◽  
Masahiro Sugiyama ◽  
Wunna Swe ◽  
Daniel del Barrio Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Hydropower

The increased use of renewable energy is imperative as a countermeasure to climate change. As with conventional electricity generation technologies, public acceptance of renewables is an important issue, and willingness to pay (WTP) is a widely used indicator to assess such public attitudes. Unfortunately, the literature to date mostly covers developed countries, with few WTP surveys in developing countries. Tackling climate change is an urgent issue for these developing countries; therefore, understanding of public attitudes toward renewables in developing countries is crucial. This study conducted the first survey on WTP for introducing renewable energy in Myanmar. Although Myanmar boasts abundant renewable energy resources, including solar power and biomass in addition to large-scale hydro plants, its resources are not being properly utilized to generate electricity. This study surveyed WTP for power generation by solar photovoltaics, small hydropower, and biomass facilities. The results showed the highest WTP for solar power (USD 1.92) with 10% share in the energy mix, and lower WTP for biomass and small hydropower electricity generations (USD 1.13 and USD 1.17, respectively). Careful public communication is thus crucial for expanding biomass and small-scale hydro power plants.

scholarly journals Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Technique for Solar Power Sites Selection in Duhok Governorate – Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylan R. Faqe Ibrahim ◽  
Kamaran Wali Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Mirza Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Solar Power Plants

Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, used particularly in developing countries. There are insufficient fossil fuels and their availability is gradually declining. This leads to a steady increase in prices. Renewable energy is clean, cost-effective and limitless. The considerable population growth and industrial growth have made the construction of solar power plants essential in developing countries. The study used Boolean logical-AHP techniques to select a suitable site for solar power in Duhok Governorate. The result indicated that 68.5% of the area in the governorate of Duhok is available for solar power station construction, especially the most appropriate zone which has 132.2 sq. km and can provide more than 8000 megawatts of solar energy. Most of the appropriate areas are in the south and southwest regions of the governorate, located mostly in the districts of Bardarash, Shekhan and Semel, situated between the major cities of Mosul, Erbil and Duhok. These locations can supply a significant amount of clean, renewable energy for these areas.

scholarly journals Smart Electric Mobility Operating System Integrated with Off-Grid Solar Power Plants in Tanzania: Vision and Trial Run

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Hyop-Seung Rhee ◽  
Hyuck-Soon Im ◽  
Frank Andrew Manongi ◽  
Young-In Shin ◽  
Ho-Won Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Operating System ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Solar Power Plants

To respond to the threat of global warming, countries around the world are promoting the spread of renewable energy and reduction of carbon emissions. In accordance with the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal to combat climate change and its impacts, global automakers are pushing for a full transition to electric vehicles within the next 10 years. Electric vehicles can be a useful means for reducing carbon emissions, but in order to reduce carbon generated in the stage of producing electricity for charging, a power generation system using eco-friendly renewable energy is required. In this study, we propose a smart electric mobility operating system integrated with off-grid solar power plants established in Tanzania, Africa. By applying smart monitoring and communication functions based on Arduino-based computing devices, information such as remaining battery capacity, battery status, location, speed, altitude, and road conditions of an electric vehicle or electric motorcycle is monitored. In addition, we present a scenario that communicates with the surrounding independent solar power plant infrastructure to predict the drivable distance and optimize the charging schedule and route to the destination. The feasibility of the proposed system was verified through test runs of electric motorcycles. In considering local environmental characteristics in Tanzania for the operation of the electric mobility system, factors such as eco-friendliness, economic feasibility, ease of operation, and compatibility should be weighed. The smart electric mobility operating system proposed in this study can be an important basis for implementing the SDGs' climate change response.

scholarly journals Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Technique for Solar Power Sites Selection in Duhok Governorate – Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylan Rasul Faqe Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Solar Power Plants

Abstract Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, used particularly in developing countries. There are insufficient fossil fuels and their availability is gradually declining. This leads to a steady increase in prices. Renewable energy is clean, cost-effective and limitless. The considerable population growth and industrial growth have made the construction of solar power plants essential in developing countries. The study used Boolean logical-AHP techniques to select a suitable site for solar power in Duhok Governorate. The result indicated that 68.5% of the area in the governorate of Duhok is available for solar power station construction, especially the most appropriate zone which has 132.2 sq. km and can provide more than 8000 megawatts of solar energy. Most of the appropriate areas are in the south and southwest regions of the governorate, located mostly in the districts of Bardarash, Shekhan and Semel, situated between the major cities of Mosul, Erbil and Duhok. These locations can supply a significant amount of clean, renewable energy for these areas.

scholarly journals Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Technique for Solar Power Sites Selection in Duhok Governorate – Iraq

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylan R. Faqe Ibrahim ◽  
Kamaran Wali Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Mirza Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Solar Power Plants

Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, used particularly in developing countries. There are insufficient fossil fuels and their availability is gradually declining. This leads to a steady increase in prices. Renewable energy is clean, cost-effective and limitless. The considerable population growth and industrial growth have made the construction of solar power plants essential in developing countries. The study used Boolean logical-AHP techniques to select a suitable site for solar power in Duhok Governorate. The result indicated that 68.5% of the area in the governorate of Duhok is available for solar power station construction, especially the most appropriate zone which has 132.2 sq. km and can provide more than 8000 megawatts of solar energy. Most of the appropriate areas are in the south and southwest regions of the governorate, located mostly in the districts of Bardarash, Shekhan and Semel, situated between the major cities of Mosul, Erbil and Duhok. These locations can supply a significant amount of clean, renewable energy for these areas.

Performance Analysis of Non-Renewable Energy in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
M. G. Rabbani ◽  
C. T. Sattary ◽  
M. R. A. Mamun ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. N. H. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
The Cost

The demand of energy is dramatically increased nowadays and the demand either can renewable or non renewable depends on the drawbacks. Hence, non renewable energies show the better performance where the limitations are comprisable very few and environmental friendly. Already developed countries are being used renewable energies as the main sources of energy to produce electricity where it proved the less easy and more benefits. However, non renewable energies such as natural gas, gas generator and so on  still have been  producing more and more electricity and this amount is around 10 times more than renewable energies especially developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper is being discussed the importance of renewable energies and non renewable energies to produce electricity, comparing the different countries electricity production and the using sources. Here analysis the data of different power plants in Bangladesh and the types of fuel, CO2 emission and electricity production. In additionally, Gazipur district has been selected to show the power consumption factories with the cost analysis in selected fuel types.

scholarly journals CO2 emissions determinants: The case of the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Esseghir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Union For The Mediterranean

<p>Awareness of climate change dangers on environmental sustainability has prompted some researcher to understand the explanatory factors behind increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Being the most important anthropogenic GHG in the atmosphere and the main cause of the environmental degradation, this paper aims to investigate the factors that are associated with variations in CO2 emissions in the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) countries from 1990 to 2010, in order to design and implement appropriate policies. We use the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE) estimation method regarding its power in the presence of heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence between variables. We find that improvement in energy efficiency and increasing use of renewable energy would positively affect CO2 emissions abatement. However, economic growth and industrialization development affect it negatively. Country analysis shows that the negative effect of economic activity on CO2 appears more in developing countries. Industrialization negatively affects CO2 emissions - mainly in developed countries. The positive effect of renewable energy as well as energy efficiency in curbing CO2 emissions is well pronounced in developed countries. Results also prove that the UfM developed and developing countries illustrate complementarities and necessities of exchanging and sharing to fight against climate change.</p>

scholarly journals A SWOT Analysis Approach for a Sustainable Transition to Renewable Energy in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3933
Author(s):  
Solomon E. Uhunamure ◽  
Karabo Shale
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources

South Africa is been faced with erratic power supply, resulting in persistent load shedding due to ageing in most of its coal-fired power plants. Associated with generating electricity from fossil fuel are environmental consequences such as greenhouse emissions and climate change. On the other hand, the country is endowed with abundant renewable energy resources that can potentially ameliorate its energy needs. This article explores the viability of renewable energy using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis approach on the key renewable potential in the country. The result indicates that geographic position, political and economic stability and policy implementation are some of the strengths. However, Government bureaucratic processes, level of awareness and high investment cost are some of the weaknesses. Several opportunities favour switching to renewable energy, and these include regional integration, global awareness on climate change and the continuous electricity demand. Some threats hindering the renewable energy sector in the country include land ownership, corruption and erratic climatic conditions. Some policy implications are suggested based on the findings of the study.

scholarly journals A room with a view: a special issue with a special perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Simone Borghesi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Climate Policies

AbstractThe present article describes the main insights deriving from the papers collected in this special issue which jointly provide a ‘room with a view’ on some of the most relevant issues in climate policy such as: the role of uncertainty, the distributional implications of climate change, the drivers and applications of decarbonizing innovation, the role of emissions trading and its interactions with companion policies. While looking at different issues and from different angles, all papers share a similar attention to policy aspects and implications, especially in developing countries. This is particularly important to evaluate whether and to what extent the climate policies adopted thus far in developed countries can be replicated in emerging economies.

International Governance on Carbon Tariff and Its Vacuum in International Regime

2013 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mou WANG
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Governance ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Climate Governance ◽  
Emission Quota ◽  
Carbon Tariff

Drawing on the idea that countries are eligible to implement differentiated emission reduction policies based on their respective capabilities, some parties of UNFCCC attempt to weaken the principle of “Common but differentiated responsibilities(CBDR)” and impose carbon tariff on international trade. This initiative is in fact another camouflage to burden developing countries with emission cut obligation, which has no doubt undermined the development rights of developing countries. This paper defines Carbon Tariff as border measures that target import goods with embodied carbon emission. It can be import tariffs or other domestic tax measures that adjust border tax, which includes plain import tariffs and export rebates, border tax adjustment, emission quota and permit etc. For some developed countries, carbon tariffs mean to sever trade protectionism and to build trade barriers. Its theoretical arguments like “loss of comparative advantage”, “carbon leakage decreases environmental effectiveness” and “theoretical model bases” are pseudo-propositions without international consensus. Carbon tariff has become an intensively debated issue due to its duality of climate change and trade, but neither UNFCCC nor WTO has clarified this issue or has indicated a clear statement in this regard. As a result, it allows some parties to take advantage of this loophole and escape its international climate change obligation. Carbon tariff is an issue arising from global climate governance. To promote the cooperation of global climate governance and safeguard the social and economic development of developing countries, a fair and justified climate change regime and international trade institution should be established, and the settlement of the carbon tariff issue should be addressed within these frameworks. This paper argues that the international governance of carbon tariff should in cooperation with other international agreements; however, principles and guidelines regarding this issue should be developed under the UNFCCC. Based on these principles and guidelines, WTO can develop related technical operation provisions.

Climate Change Science in School Curriculum: Solution to Ignorance of Commons in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
K.P. Thrivikramji ◽  
K.S. Sajinkumar ◽  
V.R. Rani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High School ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Knowledge Deficit ◽  
High Schoolers

In developing countries and to a certain degree in developed countries too, either climate change (CC) consequences or drivers of CC are alien to the mindset of commoners, who after High School had with/without vocational skills entered the workforce. This deficit or ignorance can be rectified only by adding CC education in the school system. We present a school appropriate outline of CC learning content spanning Kinder Garten to High School. Adding CC content in school education is immensely warranted, as a large chunk of high schoolers annually joins the work force with or without vocational or skill training. Further, such a knowledge deficit among the generations of working class can be remedied only by providing appropriate and sufficient knowledge on CC consequences, etc., only through a structured adult education campaign.

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