Climate Change Science in School Curriculum: Solution to Ignorance of Commons in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
K.P. Thrivikramji ◽  
K.S. Sajinkumar ◽  
V.R. Rani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High School ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Knowledge Deficit ◽  
High Schoolers

In developing countries and to a certain degree in developed countries too, either climate change (CC) consequences or drivers of CC are alien to the mindset of commoners, who after High School had with/without vocational skills entered the workforce. This deficit or ignorance can be rectified only by adding CC education in the school system. We present a school appropriate outline of CC learning content spanning Kinder Garten to High School. Adding CC content in school education is immensely warranted, as a large chunk of high schoolers annually joins the work force with or without vocational or skill training. Further, such a knowledge deficit among the generations of working class can be remedied only by providing appropriate and sufficient knowledge on CC consequences, etc., only through a structured adult education campaign.

scholarly journals A room with a view: a special issue with a special perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Simone Borghesi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Climate Policies

AbstractThe present article describes the main insights deriving from the papers collected in this special issue which jointly provide a ‘room with a view’ on some of the most relevant issues in climate policy such as: the role of uncertainty, the distributional implications of climate change, the drivers and applications of decarbonizing innovation, the role of emissions trading and its interactions with companion policies. While looking at different issues and from different angles, all papers share a similar attention to policy aspects and implications, especially in developing countries. This is particularly important to evaluate whether and to what extent the climate policies adopted thus far in developed countries can be replicated in emerging economies.

International Governance on Carbon Tariff and Its Vacuum in International Regime

2013 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mou WANG
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Governance ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Climate Governance ◽  
Emission Quota ◽  
Carbon Tariff

Drawing on the idea that countries are eligible to implement differentiated emission reduction policies based on their respective capabilities, some parties of UNFCCC attempt to weaken the principle of “Common but differentiated responsibilities(CBDR)” and impose carbon tariff on international trade. This initiative is in fact another camouflage to burden developing countries with emission cut obligation, which has no doubt undermined the development rights of developing countries. This paper defines Carbon Tariff as border measures that target import goods with embodied carbon emission. It can be import tariffs or other domestic tax measures that adjust border tax, which includes plain import tariffs and export rebates, border tax adjustment, emission quota and permit etc. For some developed countries, carbon tariffs mean to sever trade protectionism and to build trade barriers. Its theoretical arguments like “loss of comparative advantage”, “carbon leakage decreases environmental effectiveness” and “theoretical model bases” are pseudo-propositions without international consensus. Carbon tariff has become an intensively debated issue due to its duality of climate change and trade, but neither UNFCCC nor WTO has clarified this issue or has indicated a clear statement in this regard. As a result, it allows some parties to take advantage of this loophole and escape its international climate change obligation. Carbon tariff is an issue arising from global climate governance. To promote the cooperation of global climate governance and safeguard the social and economic development of developing countries, a fair and justified climate change regime and international trade institution should be established, and the settlement of the carbon tariff issue should be addressed within these frameworks. This paper argues that the international governance of carbon tariff should in cooperation with other international agreements; however, principles and guidelines regarding this issue should be developed under the UNFCCC. Based on these principles and guidelines, WTO can develop related technical operation provisions.

scholarly journals Is Current Research on How Climate Change Impacts Global Food Security Really Objective?

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2342
Author(s):  
Wangang Liu ◽  
Yiping Chen ◽  
Xinhua He ◽  
Ping Mao ◽  
Hanwen Tian
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Food

Global food insecurity is becoming more severe under the threat of rising global carbon dioxide concentrations, increasing population, and shrinking farmlands and their degeneration. We acquired the ISI Web of Science platform for over 31 years (1988–2018) to review the research on how climate change impacts global food security, and then performed cluster analysis and research hotspot analysis with VosViewer software. We found there were two drawbacks that exist in the current research. Firstly, current field research data were defective because they were collected from various facilities and were hard to integrate. The other drawback is the representativeness of field research site selection as most studies were carried out in developed countries and very few in developing countries. Therefore, more attention should be paid to developing countries, especially some African and Asian countries. At the same time, new modified mathematical models should be utilized to process and integrate the data from various facilities and regions. Finally, we suggested that governments and organizations across the world should be united to wrestle with the impact of climate change on food security.

scholarly journals Remarks of Jose Felix Pinto-Bazurco

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 235-236
Author(s):  
Jose Felix Pinto-Bazurco
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
A Priority

Developed countries usually have the means to take action, but face the challenges of politicians debating whether or not climate change is a priority. The case of developing countries is different: because even though they might want to take action toward climate change, most of these countries lack the means to do it, which are mainly having effective institutional arrangements and regulation.

W.T.O. AND LABOUR ISSUES: A CHALLENGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Dr. Sunil Kumar Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Competent Body ◽  
Labour Standards

Labour standard is the most burning agenda of the WTO ministerial dialogue held in Doha because advance countries wants to counter the demand of developing countries eg. opening market for agro exports, reduction of subsidy and support by developed countries etc. but the true picture of labour force in developing countries is that they do not have skilled, socially, economically child labour protected work force  due to lots of reasons at the international standard. The International Labour Organization (ILO) is the competent body to set and deal with these standards, and we affirm our support for its work in promoting them. We believe that economic growth and development fostered by increased trade and further trade liberalization contribute to the promotion of these standards. We reject the use of labour standards for protectionist purposes, and agree that the comparative advantage of countries, particularly low-wage developing countries, must in no way be put into question. In this regard, we note that the WTO and ILO Secretariats will continue their existing collaboration.

The Media and the Major Emitters: Media Coverage of International Climate Change Policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Lal Pandey ◽  
Priya A. Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Study ◽  
News Frames ◽  
Climate Change Negotiations

News media outlets are crucial for the dissemination of information on climate change issues, but the nature of the coverage varies across the world, depending on local geopolitical and economic contexts. Despite extensive scholarship on media and climate change, less attention has been paid to comparing how climate change is reported by news media in developed and developing countries. This article undertakes a cross-national study of how elite newspapers in four major greenhouse gas emitting countries—the United States, the United Kingdom, China and India—frame coverage of climate change negotiations. We show that framing is similar by these newspapers in developing countries, but there are clear differences in framing in the developed world, and between the developed and developing countries. While an overwhelming majority of these news stories and the frames they deploy are pegged to the stance of domestic institutions in the developing countries, news frames from developed countries are more varied.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ON FORESTRY BASED ON REED+ IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Sukanda Husin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Law ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Carbon Project ◽  
Change Mitigation

The Climate Change Convention and the Kyoto Protocol are designated to restrict and reduce the emissions of GHG through three mechanisms, i.e., carbon sinks, bubbling schemes and flexibility mechanisms. All mechanisms are designed for developed countries Parties. The developing countries Parties do not have such obligations. However, the developing countries are given chance to participate in achieving the Protocol’s objectives through REDD+, especially to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide in forestry sector. Indonesia has enacted several regulations for implementing REDD+ Program. To this date, Indonesia has had carbon project mechanisms and succeeded to realize 40 projects in the period of 2008-2012.Keywords: climate change, mitigation, REDD+. Konvensi Perubahan Iklim dan Protokol Kyoto dirancang untuk membatasi dan mengurangi emisi GRK melalui 3 (tiga) mekanisme, yaitu carbon sinks, bubbling schemesdan flexibility  mechanisms. Semua mekanisme tersebut ditujukan untuk Pihak negara maju. Negara berkembang tidak dibebani kewajiban seperti itu. Tapi negara berkembang diberi kesempatan untuk berpartisipasi mencapai tujuan Protokol melalui REDD+, yang secara khusus dibuat untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida di sektor kehutanan. Indonesia telah membuat beberapa peraturan untuk menerapkan Program REDD+. Sampai saat ini, Indonesia telah membuat mekanisme proyek karbon dan berhasil mendapatkan 40 proyek dalam kurun waktu 2008-2012.

scholarly journals Vocational and technical high school 12th grade students’ perceptions of their internships in businesses and skill training studiesMesleki ve teknik liseleri 12. sınıf öğrencilerinin işletmelerde yaptıkları staj ve beceri eğitimi çalışmalarına ilişkin algıları

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 3044
Author(s):  
Cemal Kalsen ◽  
İzzet Kaplan ◽  
Muzaffer Şimşek
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Artificial Respiration ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Work Force ◽  
School Students ◽  
Technical High School ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Occupational Skill

The aim of this research is to reveal the perceptions of 12th gradevet students about their internship activity and occupational skill training by using metaphors. The universe of the research is 12 th grade vocational and technical high school students in Afyon. In analyzing process content analysis, which is one of the quantitive analysis methods, wasused. According to the results students identified internship and occupational skill training with metaphors such as slavery, experience, funandent ertainment, useless and meaningless. Students’ metaphors such as “slave, torture, grave punishment, share cropper and hodman indicate that students have problems in internship training, the working conditions are not good it heyareseen as cheap work-force and they are not valued. Furthermore students’ metaphors such as “artificial respiration, marsh, broken glass, harassment Show that there is an mismatch between students’ need sand firms’ needs. However, students’ metaphors of internship’ spreparing them for work life, more experience, learning of the job and earning moneys how that students have good attitudes towards the jobs they chose by interiorizing them.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, mesleki ve teknik ortaöğretim kurumlarının 12. sınıfına devam eden öğrencilerin işletmelerdeki staj ve beceri kazanma eğitimi algılarını metaforlar yoluyla ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini Afyonkarahisar ilinde mesleki ve teknik liselere devam eden 12.sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; öğrenciler, staj ve beceri eğitimini, kölelik, tecrübe, keyif ve eğlence, gereksiz ve anlamsız gibi metaforlarla tanımlamışlardır. Öğrencilerin de staj/beceri eğitimine ilişkin “köle, işkence, kabir azabı, maraba, amele” gibi metaforları staj eğitiminde sorunlar yaşandığı, çalışma koşullarının uygun olmadığı, ucuz işgücü olarak görüldüğü ve değer verilmediğinin göstergeleri niteliğindedir. Yine staj ve beceri eğitimi alan öğrencilerin “suni solunum, bataklık, kırık bardak, usandırma, patlıcan yoğurma” gibi metaforları, öğrencilerin beklentileri ile işletmelerin beklentileri arasında bir uyumsuzluk olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, öğrencilerin, staj/beceri eğitim çalışmalarının kişiyi iş yaşamına hazırladığı, tecrübesini arttırdığı, mesleği öğrendiği, para kazandırdığı yönündeki metaforları, staj/beceri eğitimi ile seçmiş olduğu mesleği içselleştirerek olumlu bir tutum içerisinde olduklarını göstermektedir. 

scholarly journals Production of Carbon Offsets Using Conservation Agriculture Practices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Rochecouste ◽  
Paul Dargusch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carbon Offsets ◽  
The United Nations

This paper examines opportunities for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to consider financial mechanisms for the uptake of conservation agriculture (CA) practices in developing countries to reverse the loss of soil organic carbon. Conservation agriculture, commonly described as the reduction of tillage, maintaining soil cover and introducing crop rotations, is currently being promoted by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation as the most sustainable form of farming into the future. It was found that the increasing uptake of CA practices by developed countries improved soil organic carbon benefit and reduced energy inputs. Furthermore industrial agriculture has evolved a range of new technologies that can be adapted in developing countries to improve food security, increase environmental benefits and provide carbon offsets. This is in line with the climate change mitigation strategy of putting atmospheric carbon back in the soil to increase soil organic carbon. It is also noted that recognising conservation agriculture methodologies in carbon offset schemes would require the development of alternative economic instruments specifically to support small landholder changes in farming practices such as exist for hydrological and biodiversity ecosystem services schemes. Some of the constraints for small landowners providing agricultural carbon offsets are investment capital and an established trading mechanism that recognises the inherent issues of agriculture. Adaptation of conservation agricultural practices from industrialised agriculture to developing countries is examined along with current offset schemes being proposed in developed countries. A review of the literature examines Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) and suggests a number of methodologies for consideration as part of an offset market. It was found that the two main obstacles in market terms are the acceptance of a level of soil carbon sequestration that can be easily calculated and the degree of attached liability for farmers in selling the equivalent of a Certified Emission Reduction unit from a highly volatile system.

North-South Divisions in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Negotiating the Private Sector's Role in Three Rio Agreements

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Multilateral Environmental Agreements ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
The North ◽  
Technology Transfers

AbstractThis article analyzes negotiations in the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, the Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Convention to Combat Desertification and focuses on discussions related to technology transfers from the North to the South. These transfers and the financial flows that the private sector could bring with it are closely related to what was believed to be a bargain reached in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit. During subsequent negotiations, delegates from developed and developing countries have followed a fairly predictable 'script' on these issues – developed countries generally insist that the private sector, as the owner of the technology, must be involved in its transfer, while developing countries have insisted the governments of developed countries should honor their past commitments and promote these transfers. This study describes the development of the script under the three negotiating bodies at Rio, examines the variables that have contributed to the development of the script and, based on this analysis, identifies opportunities to move the talks forward.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document