Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes

In comparison to lignocellulosic biomass, which is suitable for thermo-chemical valorization, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is mainly treated via composting or anaerobic digestion (AD). An efficient utilization of OFMSW is difficult due to variations in its composition. Based on the characteristics of OFMSW, hydrothermal treatment (HTT) experiments at temperatures < 200 °C as an alternative OFMSW-processing were evaluated in this study. The raw OFMSW was characterized with a dry matter (DM)-based organic dry matter (oDM) content of 77.88 ± 1.37 %DM and a higher heating value (HHV) of 15,417 ± 1258 J/gDM. Through HTT at 150, 170 and 185 °C, the oDM contents as well as H/C and O/C ratios were lowered while the HHV increased up to 16,716 ± 257 J/gDM. HTT led to improved fuel properties concerning ash melting, corrosion stress and emission behavior. Negative consequences of the HTT process were higher contents of ash in the biochar as well as accumulated heavy metals. In the sense of a bioeconomy, it could be beneficial to first convert raw OFMSW into CH4 through AD followed by HTT of the AD-digestate for the generation of solid fuels and liquid products. This could increase the overall utilization efficiency of OFMSW.

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Influence of Digester Temperature on Methane Yield of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW)

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11072907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 2907

Author(s):

Gregor Sailer ◽

Martin Silberhorn ◽

Johanna Eichermüller ◽

Jens Poetsch ◽

Stefan Pelz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Energy Input ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Energy Output ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Batch Tests ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Yield Determination ◽

Digested Sewage Sludge

This study evaluates the anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and digested sewage sludge (DSS) at lowered temperatures. AD batch tests for CH4 yield determination were carried out with DSS as inoculum between 23 and 40 °C. All results were related to organic dry matter and calculated for standard conditions (1013 hPa, 0 °C). The AD experiments at 40 °C and at 35 °C delivered specific CH4 yields of 325 ± 6 mL/g and 268 ± 27 mL/g for OFMSW alone. At lower temperatures, specific CH4 yields of 364 ± 25 mL/g (25 °C) and 172 ± 21 mL/g (23 °C) were reached. AD at 25 °C could be beneficial regarding energy input (heating costs) and energy output (CH4 yield). Plant operators could increase AD efficiencies by avoiding heating costs. The co-digestion of OFMSW together with DSS could lead to further synergies such as better exploitation of the energy potentials of DSS, but the digestate utilization could become problematic due to hygienic requirements. Efficiency potentials through lowered operating temperatures are limited. In further research, lowered process temperatures could be applied in the AD of energy crops due to large numbers of existing plants.

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Assessment of the Potential of Energy Recovery from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste

The Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management ◽

10.5276/jswtm/2020.160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 160-167

Author(s):

Made Gunamantha

Keyword(s):

Potential Energy ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Empirical Relationship ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Heating Value ◽

Ultimate Analysis ◽

Astm Method

Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is the largest fraction of waste generated in Indonesia. This study was meant to examine the theoretical and experimental results for potential energy recovery from OFMSW in Indonesia. Bioconversion and thermochemical approach were used theoretically. The potential energy recoveries were calculated using the empirical relationship between higher heating value (HHV) and the ultimate analysis, stoichiometric, and thermochemistry concept. The HHV and ultimate analysis of OFMSW were determined by ASTM method while the lignin content and volatile solid were adopted from previous studies. The result indicated that the thermochemical approach given the potential energy recovery is higher than others.

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Use and valorization of organic fraction of municipal Solid waste in Colombia for sustainable development

Revista Ontare ◽

10.21158/23823399.v1.n2.2013.1230 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 243

Author(s):

José Alejandro Martínez S.

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Food Processing ◽

Municipal Government ◽

Value Chains ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Inorganic Fraction

ONTARE. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍALos Residuos Sólidos Municipales, son un nuevo objetivo de las admi- nistraciones municipales debido a las consecuencias negativas que trae su manejo y gestión inadecuados: problemas de salud, contaminación, etc. En Colombia, la práctica más utilizada para el manejo de los residuos sólidos municipales es la disposición final en rellenos sanitarios, sin embargo, no todos los residuos que se disponen son no aprovechables: (a) la fracción inorgánica que no tuvo separación en la fuente, pierde su posibilidad de incorporarse en cadenas de valor; (b) la fracción orgánica, que se produce durante la preparación de alimentos en casas, restaurantes y empresas, tiene usos potenciales como el abono, que es el más tradicional u otros procesos que usan dicho material como inicio. Este artículo busca explicar dos posibilidades de uso y valorización de la Fracción Orgánica de los Residuos Sólidos Municipales (FORSM o FORSU), desde los resultados obtenidos en dos investigaciones realizadas en la Especialización en Gestión de Residuos Sólidos de la Universidad EAN. ABSTRACTThe Municipal So/id Waste has become a new target for the municipal government due to the negative consequences it may bring in case of inadequate management: diseases, pollution, etc. In Colombia, the most frequent action taken is the final disposa/ in /andfi/1, nevertheless, not al/ the so/id waste is real waste or unusable material: (a) the inorganic fraction that, due to no source separation, loses the possibility to be used and included in value chains, and (b) the organic fraction, which is produced during food processing in houses, restaurants and enterprises, has potential uses such as compost, which is the most traditional one, or new uses as matter for other processes . This paper intends to explain two possibilities for the use and valorization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal So/id Waste (OF MSW), from the research results of two works in the Specialization in So/id Waste Management of the EAN University

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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Organic Fraction to Energy. Cuban Case Study. Brief Considerations

Global Journal of Energy Technology Research Updates ◽

10.15377/2409-5818.2015.02.02.2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Oscar Cabeza ◽

◽

Alfredo Alonso ◽

Yoel Lastre ◽

Jorge Medina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Organic Fraction

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EFFECT OF HYDRAULIC RETENTION TIME ON THERMOPHILIC ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF PAPER-CONTAINING ORGANIC FRACTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser G (Environmental Research) ◽

10.2208/jscejer.74.iii_195 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

pp. III_195-III_203

Author(s):

Aijun ZHU ◽

Jing WU ◽

Yu QIN ◽

Toshimasa HOJO ◽

Yu-You LI

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Retention Time ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion

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Economic and environmental assessment of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

Bioresources and Bioprocessing ◽

10.1186/s40643-021-00392-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jon Kepa Izaguirre ◽

Leire Barañano ◽

Sonia Castañón ◽

José A. L. Santos ◽

M. Teresa Cesário ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Environmental Assessment ◽

Basal Medium ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

The Cost

AbstractThe management of municipal solid waste is a major logistic and environmental problem worldwide. Nonetheless, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a valuable source of nutrients which can be used for a variety of purposes, according to the Circular Economy paradigm. Among the possible applications, the bioproduction of a biodegradable polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], using OFMSW as carbon platform is a promising strategy. Here, an economic and environmental assessment of bacterial P(3HB) production from OFMSW is presented based on previously published results. The SuperPro Designer® software was used to simulate P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters. Two scenarios were proposed depending on the fermentation medium: (1) enzymatic hydrolysate of OFMSW supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice; and (2) basal medium supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice. According to our results, both scenarios are not economically feasible under our experimental parameters. In Scenario 1, the low fermentation yield, the cost of the enzymes, the labour cost and the energy consumption are the factors that most contribute to that result. In Scenario 2, the cost of the extraction solvent and the low fermentation yield are the most limiting factors. The possibility of using process waste as raw material for the generation of other products must be investigated to enhance economic feasibility. From an environmental viewpoint, the photochemical oxidation potential (derived from the use of anisole as extraction solvent) and the generation of acid rain and global warming effect (caused by the burning of fuels for power generation) are the most relevant impacts associated to P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters.

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Environmental impact assessment of organic fraction of municipal solid waste treatment by anaerobic digestion in Sri Lanka

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x211013405 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0734242X2110134

Author(s):

Rasangika Thathsaranee Weligama Thuppahige ◽

Sandhya Babel

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Resource Scarcity ◽

Policy Formation ◽

Ozone Formation ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Management Options

The management of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) has continued to be a significant challenge in Sri Lanka. Anaerobic digestion is one of the management options of OFMSW. However, it generates unavoidable environmental impacts that should be addressed. The present study focuses to assess the environmental impact of a full-scale anaerobic digestion plant in Sri Lanka from a life cycle perspective. The inventory data were obtained from direct interviews and field measurements. Environmental burdens were found to be in terms of global warming potential (230 kg CO2 eq) ozone formation on human health (6.15 × 10−6 kg NO x eq), freshwater eutrophication (2.92 × 10−3 kg P eq), freshwater ecotoxicity (9.27 × 10−5 kg 1,4 DCB eq), human carcinogenic toxicity (3.98 × 10−4 kg 1,4 DCB eq), land use (1.32 × 10−4 m2 a crop eq) and water consumption (2.23 × 10−2 m3). The stratospheric ozone depletion, fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation on terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, ecotoxicity (terrestrial and marine), human non-carcinogenic toxicity, mineral resource scarcity and fossil resource scarcity, were avoided due to electricity production. Results show that the direct gaseous emissions and digestate generation should be addressed in order to reduce the burdens from the anaerobic digestion plant. Finally, the results of the study could help in policy formation and decision-making in selecting future waste management systems in Sri Lanka.

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