scholarly journals Determinants of Investments in Energy Sector in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4526
Author(s):  
Robert Lisowski ◽  
Maciej Woźniak ◽  
Paweł Jastrzębski ◽  
Simeon Karafolas ◽  
Marek Matejun
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Strong Growth ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Investment Spending

There is much research about the determinants of investments, but there is a shortage of similar studies for Poland. Therefore, the overall goal of the paper is to analyze the determinants of investments made by enterprises from the energy sector as well as their delays in Poland in the years 2000–2019. In this period, a strong growth of investments in energy was observed in the country. In connection to this, the authors set four hypotheses and verified them with the following statistical methods: canonical analysis, linear and causality correlation, autocorrelation and cointegration tests. The paper found that there is a relationship between public consumption and investment spending of small enterprises in Poland. That means that only some macroeconomic parameters are connected with investments. Moreover, the changes in the value of past investments has a negative influence in current investments.

Il forum di Prisma. Attori e percorsi della green economy

2012 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Keyword(s):  
Energy Sector ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Environmentally Sound

In recent years there has been an interest, partly renewed but largely new, for the development of economic activities which deal, more or less directly, with the environment. Resisting the idea that the greening of the economy in our country (but not only in our country) mainly concerns the energy sector and more specifically the photovoltaic, it seems interesting to confront economic actors working in different product fields (from agriculture to informatics) with a common interest around "environmentally sound" labour practices. We asked to five small enterprises acting in the Marches region to debate around the ideas and practices of the new green economic sector.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DETERMINASI INFLASI DI INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Ari Mulianta Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government

Inflation is one of the macroeconomic indicators of concern for the government. The high inflation rate could disrupt the economy. This study tried to analyze the factors that cause inflation in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative and quantitative approach using secondary data period 2004-2014. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that in the period 204-2014 inflation rate in Indonesia was fluctuated  While the results of the regression analysis VECM, indicating that the inflation rate in Indonesia is influenced by the variable of  exchange rate, money supply and level of consumption. While the GDP variable has a negative influence on inflation. In order to control the inflation rate the government could use macroeconomic variables such as exchange rates, the money supply well. Besides controlling public consumption at a good level and increase the production of goods and services to meet community needs.   Inflasi merupakan salah satu indikator ekonomi makro perhatian bagi pemerintah. Tingkat inflasi yang tinggi dapat mengganggu perekonomian. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan inflasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan periode data sekunder 2004-2014. Hasil analisis kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa tingkat inflasi periode 204-2014 di Indonesia berfluktuasi. Sementara hasil VECM menunjukkan bahwa tingkat inflasi di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh variabel nilai tukar, uang beredar dan tingkat konsumsi. Sementara itu variabel GDP memiliki pengaruh negatif pada inflasi. Untuk mengendalikan tingkat inflasi pemerintah dapat menggunakan variabel ekonomi makro seperti nilai tukar, uang memasok baik. Selain mengendalikan konsumsi masyarakat pada tingkat yang baik dan meningkatkan produksi barang dan jasa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR EKSTERNAL DAN INTERNAL PERBANKAN TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIAPERIODE JANUARI 2003 – OKTOBER 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Lina Nugraha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Liquidity is the fulfillment of bank liabilities that must be considered in the Islamic banking operations and errors in the management of liquidity can cause loss of Islamic banking which have an impact on the decline for the profit sharing to deposits customers and shareholders of Islamic banking. This study was to investigate the influence of external factors (Economic Performance (EK), inflation (INF), the Global Financial Crisis (D07)) and internal (Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Rate of Return (Deposit)of banks to liquidity (FDR) of Sharia Banking in Indonesia.Data were collected on a monthly basis from January 2003 - October 2015 times series data are tested by unit root and cointegration using Eviews 6.1. to determine the relationship between the variables in the long run.Based on the results of cointegration tests indicate that in long term relationships, NPF and EK variables have a significant and negative influence on the FDR, RRD variables have significant and positive influence on the FDR while variable INF and D07 does not have a significant influence on the FDR. It can be concluded that the Islamic banking must pay attention to the increase in marketing of Islamic banking products to increase liquidity despite good economic conditions and lower financing problems to increase the liquidity of Islamic banking.

Multivariate Techniques of Use in Biological Research

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Matrix Algebra ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical

SUMMARYMultivariate statistical methods are used increasingly in biological research to investigate the responses of organisms considered as a whole, whereas established statistical methods are usually concerned with measured characteristics considered one at a time. Multivariate techniques are mostly explained in terms of matrix algebra, which is a way of dealing with groups of numbers rather than individual ones. A brief description is given of some elementary results of matrix algebra and a method is presented whereby hypotheses can be generated about interrelations within an organism. Two techniques, principal component analysis and canonical analysis, are described in greater detail. It is emphasized that hypotheses need to be tested even though they have been generated by objective statistical means.

scholarly journals A FMOLS Analysis of FDI Flows to Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Miguel D. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Investment Spending

This paper estimates a panel FDI investment function that seeks to identify some of the major economic and institutional determinants of net FDI flows to nine major Latin American countries during the 1980-2014 period. First, it utilizes Dunning’s OLI model to identify some of the major economic and institutional determinants of FDI. Second, the paper provides an overview of FDI flows to Latin America during the 1990-2017 period, with particular emphasis on their contribution to the financing of gross fixed capital formation. Third, an economic rationale is provided for the included variables and their expected signs. Fourth, the paper reports estimates for a Fully Modified Ordinary least Squares (FMOLS) panel regression designed to explain the variation in FDI flows to Latin America during the 1980-2014 period. The estimates suggest that real GDP (a proxy for market size), credit provided by the private banking sector, government expenditures on education, and the level of economic freedom as measured by the Fraser Institute have a positive and significant effect. On the other hand, public investment spending, the volatility of real GDP and the real exchange rate have a negative and significant effect on FDI flows. The panel unit root and (Pedroni) panel cointegration tests suggest that there is a stable, long-term relationship among the included variables; i.e., the selected variables in the reported regressions are cointegrated over the relevant time period.

Experiences of implementing statistical methods in small enterprises

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Deleryd ◽  
Rickard Garvare ◽  
Bengt Klefsjö
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Small Enterprises

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR EKSTERNAL DAN INTERNAL PERBANKAN TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIAPERIODE JANUARI 2003 – OKTOBER 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Lina Nugraha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Liquidity is the fulfillment of bank liabilities that must be considered in the Islamic banking operations and errors in the management of liquidity can cause loss of Islamic banking which have an impact on the decline for the profit sharing to deposits customers and shareholders of Islamic banking. This study was to investigate the influence of external factors (Economic Performance (EK), inflation (INF), the Global Financial Crisis (D07)) and internal (Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Rate of Return (Deposit)of banks to liquidity (FDR) of Sharia Banking in Indonesia.Data were collected on a monthly basis from January 2003 - October 2015 times series data are tested by unit root and cointegration using Eviews 6.1. to determine the relationship between the variables in the long run.Based on the results of cointegration tests indicate that in long term relationships, NPF and EK variables have a significant and negative influence on the FDR, RRD variables have significant and positive influence on the FDR while variable INF and D07 does not have a significant influence on the FDR. It can be concluded that the Islamic banking must pay attention to the increase in marketing of Islamic banking products to increase liquidity despite good economic conditions and lower financing problems to increase the liquidity of Islamic banking.

scholarly journals A Model of Innovation Activity in Small Enterprises in the Context of Selected Financial Factors: The Example of the Renewable Energy Sector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kuś ◽  
Dorota Grego-Planer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Financial Factors

One of the biggest problems of the modern economy is the depletion of traditional energy sources. Despite the fact that this problem was noticed several dozen years ago, steps to solve it were taken relatively recently. In December 2017, the European Union adopted a position on the directive, promoting the use of energy from renewable sources in all Member States. The EU has committed itself that by 2030, at least 27% of its energy consumption will come from renewable sources. On the one hand, it is a huge challenge, but on the other hand, it is an opportunity to achieve economic growth through innovation and a sustainable energy policy. On the Polish market, the chance to achieve the assumed plan is offered mainly by small companies that have been involved in innovative activities in the renewable energy sector in recent years. Innovation is an extraordinarily important determinant of the sustainable development of economies across the world. However, introducing it into business practice is extremely challenging for business leaders. Although there are many different factors influencing companies’ engagement in innovation activity, for smaller entities, the financial aspect plays a key role. Managers of small enterprises must frequently deal with limited access to additional financial resources, the complexity of the process of determining final cost and capital structure, and its accompanying various levels of investment risk. Small companies also struggle with certain limitations on resources related to a knowledge gap in finance, tax regulations, and the forms of support potentially available at different stages of the innovation process. In light of this, it seems reasonable to establish the strict financial factors that significantly influence the innovation activity of small enterprises, especially those operating in the energy industry, due to their dynamics of development in recent years. This article aims to develop a model to explain the financial incentives for implementing innovative solutions in small businesses in the energy sector. An empirical study using the Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewmethod on a sample of 115 Polish small companies, operating in the renewable energy sector, identified critical financial factors stimulating the implementation of innovative projects. The significance of impact of key financial factors on the innovation activity of these enterprises was analysed based on a logit regression model. The results indicate that 5 of the 18 factors identified in the model were significant. These statistically significant financial determinants of the innovation activity of Polish small enterprises in the energy sector exhibited both positive and negative impacts on the level of innovation activities undertaken.

scholarly journals Are Incentives for R&D Effective? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaello Bronzini ◽  
Eleonora Iachini
Keyword(s):  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Subsidy Program ◽  
Investment Spending ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

This paper evaluates a unique R&D subsidy program implemented in northern Italy. Firms were invited to submit proposals for new projects and only those which scored above a certain threshold received the subsidy. We use a sharp regression discontinuity design to compare the investment spending of subsidized firms with that of unsubsidized firms. For the sample as a whole we find no significant increase in investment. This overall effect, however, masks substantial heterogeneity in the program's impact. We estimate that small enterprises increased their investments—by approximately the amount of the subsidy they received—whereas larger firms did not. (JEL G31, G38, L52, O33, O38, R32)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document