scholarly journals The Effect of Inert Fuel Compounds on Flame Characteristics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Igor Hudák ◽  
Pavel Skryja ◽  
Jiří Bojanovský ◽  
Zdeněk Jegla ◽  
Martin Krňávek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Fuel Burner

To describe the effects of inert compounds in gaseous fuel, experiments on three different process burners (staged fuel burner, staged air burner, and low-calorific burner) were carried out. The tested burners are commercially available, but they were specially designed for experimental usage. Tests were carried out in the semi-industrial burner testing facility to investigate the influence of inert gases on the flame characteristics, emissions, and heat flux to the combustion chamber wall. Natural gas was used as a reference fuel, and, during all tests, thermal power of 500 kW was maintained. To simulate the combustion of alternative fuels with lower LHV, N2 and CO2 were used as diluents. The inert gas in the hydrocarbon fuel at certain conditions can lower NOx emissions (up to 80%) and increase heat flux (up to 5%). Once incombustible compounds are present in the fuel, the higher amount of fuel flowing through nozzles affects the flow in the combustion chamber by increasing the Reynolds number. This can change the flame pattern and temperature field, and it can be both positive and negative, depending on actual conditions.

scholarly journals Igniting Soaring Droplets of Promising Fuel Slurries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bogomolov ◽  
Timur Valiullin ◽  
Ksenia Vershinina ◽  
Sergey Shevyrev ◽  
Nikita Shlegel
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Burning Coal

High rates of environmental pollution by boilers and thermal power plants burning coal of different grades are the main reason for active research in the world aimed at the development of alternative fuels. The solution to the formulated problem acceptable in terms of environmental, technical and economic criteria is the creation of composite slurry fuels with the use of fine coal or coal processing and enrichment waste, water of different quality, and oil sludge additive. This study considers modern technologies of burning slurry fuels as well as perspective research methods of the corresponding processes. A model combustion chamber is developed for the adequate study of ignition processes. The calculation of the basic geometric dimensions is presented. The necessity of manufacturing the combustion chamber in the form of an object of complex geometry is substantiated. With its use, several typical modes of slurry fuel ignition are determined. Principal differences of ignition conditions of a single droplet and group of fuel droplets are shown. Typical vortex structures at the fuel spray injection are shown. A comparison with the trajectories of fuel aerosol droplets in real combustion chambers used for the combustion of slurry fuels is undertaken.

Detailed Analysis of the Thermal Wall Heat Load in Annular Combustors

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Krebs ◽  
Günther Walz ◽  
Stefan Hoffmann ◽  
Hans Judith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Wall Heat Flux ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Annular Combustor ◽  
Cooling Air

A detailed thermal analysis involving both measurements and calculations has been carried out in order to determine the wall heal load and to optimize the amount of cooling air for an annular combustor. In calculations, the convective wall heat flux has been detemined by application of a 3D Navier-Stokes Code. Furthermore, the radiation exchange between the hot combustion gases and the liner has been calculated using a multidimensional spectral approach. Although a quite high thermal power density is found within the combustion chamber the wall heat load is at a low level. Values are well below 80 kW/m2, due to the application of ceramic tiles which have a low thermal conductivity. The wall heat load is dominated by radiation emitted in the lower gas radiation bands (λ < 2.9 μm). The convective wall heat flux is nearly balanced out by the sealing air which is discharged through gaps between the ceramic tiles. The cooling effect of the sealing air, however, is strongly influenced by the 3D near wall flow field in the combustion chamber.

ACTIVE CONTROL OF PERFORMANCE AND NOx EMISSIONS OF STAGED GASEOUS FUEL BURNER

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (ASAT CONFERENCE) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
H. Mahmoud ◽  
Sh. Hammed ◽  
M. Nosier ◽  
A. Wandan ◽  
S. Abd EI-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Burner

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FLAXSEED BIODIESEL BLENDS WITH TIO2 COATED PISTON ON A FOUR STROKE DI DIESEL ENGINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
R. Bhaskar Reddy ◽  
S. Sunilkumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternate Fuels

Diesel engines are being used extensively for fuel economy but due to gradual depletion of Petroleum resources and increase in exhaust emissions, there is an urgent need for suitable alternative fuels for the diesel engines. As our country is an agricultural country, if the alternate fuels are produced by our farmers it will be beneficial for the country and the farmers also. In recent studies, researchers studied various vegetable oils like canola oil, alovera oil, soya been oil, flaxseed oil and hone oil etc. Out of all flaxseed oil play an important role as an alternative fuel. But the properties of flaxseed oil are not suitable for the usage in the existing diesel engines without blending with diesel fuel. The performance of the engine depends on the combustion phenomenon and it further depends on the amount of heat retained in the combustion chamber. Hence the present work is planned accordingly to develop an insulated engine by coating the piston with TIO2material. So that more amount of heat will be retained in the combustion chamber which aids the combustion. Further the performance of flaxseedbiodiesel blend namely B10, B20, B30 and B40 are tested and the results are mentioned accordingly.

THE METHOD OF NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSION REDUCTION DURING THE COMBUSTION OF GASEOUS FUEL IN MUNICIPAL THERMAL POWER BOILERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Sylwia Janta-Lipińska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emission ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Injection Technology

The nitrogen oxides in a flame of burning fuel can be created by many mechanisms. The amount of NOx concentration emitted to the ground atmosphere mainly depends on the type of fuel burned in the industrial and heating boilers. Changes in the country's thermal policy and requirements that are set for us by the European Union States are forcing us to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Directed metered ballast method is one of the most attractive techniques for reducing NOx emissions. In recent years, moisture injection technology is still investigated on low and medium power thermal power boilers operating on gaseous fuel. The goal of this work was to perform the investigations of the process of a moisture injection into the zones of decisive influence (SDW-I and SDW-II) on steam and water boilers: DKVR 10-13, DKVR 20-13, DE 25-14 and PTVM-50. The obtained results clearly show how the proposed method affects NOx reduction and boiler efficiency.

scholarly journals Solar Thermal Power: Appraisal of Solar Power Towers

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Hashem Shatnawi ◽  
Chin Wai Lim ◽  
Firas Basim Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Tube Material ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Solar Thermal Power ◽  
Central Receiver ◽  
Receiver System ◽  
Solar Power Tower

This study delves into several engineering procedures related to solar power tower plants. These installations come with central receiver system technologies and high-temperature power cycles. Besides a summary emphasizing on the fundamental components of a solar power tower, this paper also forwards a description of three receiver designs. Namely, these are the tubular receiver, the volumetric receiver and the direct absorber receiver. A variety of heat transfer mediums were assessed, while a comprehensive explanation was provided on the elements of external solar cylindrical receivers. This explanation covers tube material, molten salt, tube diameter and heat flux.

Inert gas-exchange theory using an electric analogue

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Mapleson
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Inhaled Anesthetics

When an inert gas of moderate or high solubility in blood is inhaled, the rate at which the alveolar concentration rises toward the inspired concentration increases as the inspired concentration is increased. The only previous systematic analysis of whole-body uptake of inert gases to allow for this effect was restricted to a single, artificial, respiratory pattern and the numerical calculations had to be made on a digital computer. This paper develops the theory for a range of respiratory patterns and shows how the computations may be made on a slightly modified form of a simple electric analogue. It is shown that the rate of saturation of the body increases less markedly with inspired concentration if the inspired alveolar ventilation, rather than the expired alveolar ventilation, is kept constant during the saturation process. Conversely, washout is more rapid with a constant inspired ventilation than with a constant expired ventilation. The theory is extended to show how the uptake of one inert gas may substantially affect the uptake of another, administered simultaneously. uptake, distribution and elimination; induction; recovery; drugs; inhaled anesthetics; nitrous oxide; diethyl ether; halothane; computers; ventilation; concentration effect; alveolar ventilation Submitted on February 13, 1964

scholarly journals Characteristics of gaseous film cooling with hydrocarbon fuel in supersonic combustion chamber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Jing ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Jiachen Xu ◽  
Fei Qin ◽  
Guoqiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Supersonic Combustion

Analysis of Combustion Chamber Temperature and Heat Flux in a DOHC Engine

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Choi ◽  
K. H. Choi ◽  
J. T. Lee ◽  
Y.S. Song ◽  
Y. Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Chamber Temperature
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