Design and Performance Investigation of a Compact Catalytic Reactor Integrated with Heat Recuperator

The catalytic combustion has the advantage of lower auto-ignition temperature and helps to expand the combustible limit of lean premixed gas. However, the intake needs to be preheated to certain temperature commonly through an independent heat exchanger. Similar to the principles of non-catalytic RTO combustion, this paper presents a similar approach whereby the combustion chamber is replaced by a catalytic combustion bed. A new catalytic reactor integrated with a heat recuperator is designed to enhance the heat recirculation effect. Using a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model, the performance of the reactor is studied. The reaction performances of the traditional and compact reactors are compared and analyzed. Under the same conditions, the compact reactor has better reaction performance and heat recirculation effect, which can effectively decrease the ignition temperature of feed gas. The influences of the inlet velocity, the inlet temperature, the methane concentration, and the thermal conductivity of porous media on the reaction performance of integrated catalytic reactor are studied. The results show that the inlet velocity, inlet temperature, methane concentration, and thermal conductivity of porous media materials have important effects on the reactor performance and heat recirculation effect, and the thermal conductivity of porous media materials has the most obvious influence. Moreover, the reaction performance of multiunit integrated catalytic reactor is studied. The results show that the regenerative effect of multiunit integrated catalytic reactor is further enhanced. This paper is of great significance to the recycling of low calorific value gas energy and relieving energy stress in the future.

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Development of a Catalytic Combustor for a Heavy-Duty Utility Gas Turbine

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations ◽

10.1115/96-gt-485 ◽

1996 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ralph A. Dalla Betta ◽

James C. Schlatter ◽

Sarento G. Nickolas ◽

Martin B. Cutrone ◽

Kenneth W. Beebe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Turbine ◽

Gas Turbines ◽

Catalytic Combustion ◽

Full Scale ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Nox Emissions ◽

Combustion System ◽

Catalytic Reactor ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Catalytic Combustor

The most effective technologies currently available for controlling NOx emissions from heavy-duty industrial gas turbines are either diluent injection in the combustor reaction zone, or lean premixed Dry Low NOx (DLN) combustion. For ultra low emissions requirements, these must be combined with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) DeNOx systems in the gas turbine exhaust. An alternative technology for achieving comparable emissions levels with the potential for lower capital investment and operating cost is catalytic combustion of lean premixed fuel and air within the gas turbine. The design of a catalytic combustion system using natural gas fuel has been prepared for the GE model MS9OOIE gas turbine. This machine has a turbine inlet temperature to the first rotating stage of over 1100°C and produces approximately 105 MW electrical output in simple cycle operation. The 508 mm diameter catalytic combustor designed for this gas turbine was operated at full-scale conditions in tests conducted in 1992 and 1994. The combustor was operated for twelve hours during the 1994 test and demonstrated very low NOx emissions from the catalytic reactor. The total exhaust NOx level was approximately 12–15 ppmv and was produced almost entirely in the preburner ahead of the reactor. A small quantity of steam injected into the preburner reduced the NOx emissions to 5–6 ppmv. Development of the combustion system has continued with the objectives of reducing CO and UHC emissions, understanding the parameters affecting reactor stability and spatial non-uniformities which were observed at low inlet temperature, and improving the structural integrity of the reactor system to a level required for commercial operation of gas turbines. Design modifications were completed and combustion hardware was fabricated for additional full-scale tests of the catalytic combustion system in March 1995 and January 1996. This paper presents a discussion of the combustor design, the catalytic reactor design and the results of full-scale testing of the improved combustor at MS9OOIE cycle conditions in the March 1995 and January 1996 tests. Major improvements in performance were achieved with CO and UHC emissions of 10 ppmv and 0 ppmv at base load conditions. This ongoing program will lead to two additional full-scale combustion system tests in 1996. The results of these tests will be available for discussion at the June 1996 Conference in Birmingham.

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Catalytic Combustion of Ultra-Low Heating Value Fuels Over 0.5%Pd/ZrO2/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

Volume 1: Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generator; Combustion Turbines; Energy Water Sustainability; Fuels, Combustion and Material Handling; Heat Exchangers, Condensers, Cooling Systems, and Balance-of-Plant ◽

10.1115/power-icope2017-3274 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaojing Lv ◽

Xiaoyi Ding ◽

Yiwu Weng

Keyword(s):

Flow Velocity ◽

Ignition Temperature ◽

Catalytic Combustion ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Wood Chip ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Technology Application ◽

Gas Concentration ◽

Combustible Gas ◽

Heat Value

Catalytic combustion of ultra-low heat value fuel over 0.5%Pd/ZrO2/γ-Al2O3 was investigated to offer an opportunity for scientifically using such fuel sources. The experimental studies were performed using single fuel, synthetic mixtures and different kinds of gasified biomasses, respectively. The effects of varied combustible gas concentration, inlet temperature and flow velocity on the conversion rate were also studied. The results showed that the ignition temperature of 1.4% CH4 over the catalyst used is lower 210 °C than that in the oxidation absence of catalyst. Conversion of CH4 increased with decreasing flow velocity and increasing combustible gas concentration. The influence of the flow velocity on the conversation is more significant when further increasing the CH4 concentration to a certain degree. The ignition temperature for CO, H2, CH4 decreased with increasing concentration, and the specific order is TCH4, TCO, TH2. The experimental data showed that the influence of H2 is very obvious for CH4 combustion-supporting character by adding different concentration of H2. Among the experiments of three kinds of gasified biomasses, the catalytic combustion characteristics of wood chip gas is best, followed by grape seed gas and cotton wood gas. These studies would provide the experimental analysis and technical support for catalytic combustion technology application in ultra-low heat value fuel.

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Development of a Catalytic Combustor for a Heavy-Duty Utility Gas Turbine

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power ◽

10.1115/1.2817063 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 119 (4) ◽

pp. 844-851 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. A. Dalla Betta ◽

J. C. Schlatter ◽

S. G. Nickolas ◽

M. B. Cutrone ◽

K. W. Beebe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Turbine ◽

Gas Turbines ◽

Catalytic Combustion ◽

Full Scale ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Nox Emissions ◽

Combustion System ◽

Catalytic Reactor ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Catalytic Combustor

The most effective technologies currently available for controlling NOx emissions from heavy-duty industrial gas turbines are diluent injection in the combustor reaction zone, and lean premixed Dry Low NOx (DLN) combustion. For ultralow emissions requirements, these must be combined with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) DeNOx systems in the gas turbine exhaust. An alternative technology for achieving comparable emissions levels with the potential for lower capital investment and operating cost is catalytic combustion of lean premixed fuel and air within the gas turbine. The design of a catalytic combustion system using natural gas fuel has been prepared for the GE model MS9OO1E gas turbine. This machine has a turbine inlet temperature to the first rotating stage of over 1100°C and produces approximately 105 MW electrical output in simple cycle operation. The 508-mm-dia catalytic combustor designed for this gas turbine was operated at full-scale conditions in tests conducted in 1992 and 1994. The combustor was operated for twelve hours during the 1994 test and demonstrated very low NOx emissions from the catalytic reactor. The total exhaust NOx level was approximately 12–15 ppmv and was produced almost entirely in the preburner ahead of the reactor. A small quantity of steam injected into the preburner reduced the NOx emissions to 5–6 ppmv. Development of the combustion system has continued with the objectives of reducing CO and UHC emissions, understanding the parameters affecting reactor stability and spatial nonuniformities that were observed at low inlet temperature, and improving the structural integrity of the reactor system to a level required for commercial operation of gas turbines. Design modifications were completed and combustion hardware was fabricated for additional full-scale tests of the catalytic combustion system in March 1995 and January 1996. This paper presents a discussion of the combustor design, the catalytic reactor design, and the results of full-scale testing of the improved combustor at MS9OO1E cycle conditions in the March 1995 and January 1996 tests. Major improvements in performance were achieved with CO and UHC emissions of 10 ppmv and 0 ppmv at baseload conditions. This ongoing program will lead to two additional full-scale combustion system tests in 1996. The results of these tests will be available for discussion at the June 1996 Conference in Birmingham.

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A Computational Study of the Evaporation Characteristics of an Air-Blast Atomized, Kerosene Spray in Porous Media

ASME 2004 Power Conference ◽

10.1115/power2004-52016 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Chendhil Periasamy ◽

Sathish K. Sankara Chinthamony ◽

S. R. Gollahalli

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Porous Medium ◽

Porous Media ◽

Vapor Concentration ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Swirl Number ◽

Medium Temperature ◽

Air Blast ◽

Air Inlet ◽

Complete Vaporization

The evaporation characteristics of an air-blast atomized kerosene spray in porous media in a 2D-axisymmetric coflow environment were studied numerically. A swirling primary air stream with varying intensity was used to aid the atomization process. The effects of non-Darcy flow in porous medium were modeled using a modified form of Ergun equation. Local thermal equilibrium between the fluid mixture and porous medium was assumed. Conductive and transient heat flux terms in the energy equation were modified to include the effective thermal conductivity and thermal inertia of the solid region respectively. The effective thermal conductivity was defined as the volumetric average between solid and fluid media. First, the temperature characteristics of the porous medium, arising from different source terms, were obtained. Complete vaporization of kerosene was achieved when the maximum temperature of the porous medium was at 590 K. The effects of porous medium temperature, primary air swirl number, fuel flow rate, and secondary (coflow) air inlet temperature on vaporization were analyzed. For all cases, kerosene vapor concentration profiles at five different axial locations in the domain (0.08, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, and 0.19m from the nozzle) were obtained. An increase in secondary air inlet temperature from 373 K to 473 K increased the completeness of evaporation from 94% to 97%. When the swirl number was increased from 0.14 to 0.34, the peak vapor concentration was reduced by 31% and more vapor spread radially. The porous medium temperature was found to be a crucial factor in obtaining the complete vaporization of the spray.

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Experimental Study on Catalytic Combustion Parameters of Gasoline Vapor in Oxygen-Poor Condition

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1192 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 724-725 ◽

pp. 1192-1197 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jian Jun Liang ◽

Yang Du ◽

Yi Hong Ou ◽

Pei Wen Wang ◽

Hai Bing Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Ignition Temperature ◽

Catalytic Combustion ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Gas Mixture ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Control Parameters ◽

Poor Condition ◽

Gasoline Vapor

This paper studied gasoline vapor combustion catalyzed by Pd/Al2O3 in oxygen-poor condition. By adjusting the gasoline vapor and oxygen, the inlet temperature and flow rate, collecting data of temperature difference between outlet and inlet as well as the change of gas mixture, the study analyzed the various factors in the catalytic combustion process, and optimized the process control parameters. The results indicated that catalytic combustion was more efficient at the ignition temperature of 274 °C, burned 50% of gasoline vapor in oxygen-poor condition (O2 fraction was 12%).

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