scholarly journals How Inter-Basin Transfer of Water Alters Basin Water Stress Used for Water Footprint Characterization

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Shinjiro Yano ◽  
Toshio Okazumi ◽  
Yoshihisa Iwasaki ◽  
Masahiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Kenichi Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Characterization Factors ◽  
Major River ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Global Estimates ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Water footprint assessments contribute to a better understanding of potential environmental impacts related to water and have become essential in water management. The methodologies for characterizing such assessments, however, usually fail to reflect temporal and spatial variations at local scales. In this paper, we employ four widely-used characterization factors, which were originally developed with global estimates of water demand and availability, to evaluate the impact that inter-basin transfer (IBT) of water has on water risk assessments and, consequently, on the evaluation of the soundness of water cycle. The study was conducted for two major river basins in Japan, where diversion channels were built to move water from the Tone river basin to the Arakawa river basin. Considering IBT, the available water in the Arakawa river basin increases a 45%, reducing the characterization factors a 44% on average and denoting their tendency to overestimate the risk in this basin, while the Tone river basin increased the characterization factors a 28% on average by IBT. Moreover, with a simple example we show how ambiguity in the definition of some characterization factors may cause significant changes in the result of the assessments. Finally, we concluded that local water footprint characterization can be more helpful in local assessment of water resources if the results are unanimous, Targetable, Replicable, Ameliorable, Comparable, and Engageable (uTRACE).

Application of SWAT Model in Assessing the Influence of Herbage Covering to Runoff Formation Process in Ma River Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3065-3070
Author(s):  
Tuan Bui Anh ◽  
Shi Hua He ◽  
Lan Vu Thi Thu ◽  
Jian Jun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Runoff Formation ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
The Impact

The SWAT model and GIS technique were applied to calculate the runoff in the Ma River basin, Vietnam. The study focused on assessing the influence of herbage coverage to runoff formation process. In this integration, GIS supplies SWAT input data included elevation, soil properties, land use and weather data and creates graphical user interface, while SWAT operates input data, delineates watershed, simulates different physical processes, displays output data as runoff. Based on the model testing and parameter calibrating, two scenarios of decreasing and increasing 30% of forest coverage are built to assess the impact to runoff changing. The results have important guiding significance for the planning, management and sustainable utilization of river basin water resources.

scholarly journals Assessing SDG indicator 6.4.2 ‘level of water stress’ at major basins level

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Biancalani ◽  
Michela Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Global Information ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Global Information System ◽  
Major River ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Definition Of

This paper describes a method to disaggregate indicator 6.4.2 (level of water stress) by major river basins. The analysis was performed using the GlobWat soil water balance model and global geospatial data consistent with national statistics published in AQUASTAT, the FAO’s global information system on water and agriculture. When a river basin spans across more than one country, the water stress calculated by country can be very different from that calculated by the river basin as the counting of the renewable freshwater resources from one country to another is highly dependent on the official agreement and treaties that regulate the flow of those resources between countries. This problem is solved hydrologically once the accounting of the water resources is done on the major river basin as a whole. The disaggregation by the river basin allows the identification of hotspots where actions should be prioritised and reveals that the area affected by a high or critical water stress spans across all continents with the exception of Oceania. It also offers the possibility of an analysis of freshwater withdrawals by sector, which may become crucial for the definition of water management policies in the context of the economic development of a country.

Mixing zone studies in the Grand River Basin

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Halappa Gowda ◽  
L. E. Post
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Mixing Zone ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Grand River ◽  
The Impact

A steady state mathematical model based on the "stream tube" concept was utilized to evaluate the impact of various viable management options on the mixing zone boundaries for nonionized ammonia and total residual chlorine at the Grand River below Waterloo, Kitchener, and Galt, and the Speed River below Guelph. The options evaluated as part of the Grand River Basin Water Management Study include various river flows and effluent flows projected for the planning period 1981–2031. The predictions indicate that a zone of passage equal to 60% of river flow is attainable for chlorine in all cases except in the Speed River below Guelph beyond the year 2001, and in-plant nitrification is required at Waterloo and Kitchener under the present conditions in order to comply with the objective for nonionized ammonia. At Guelph, with in-plant nitrification, the model predicts that the ammonia objective will not be met for existing and future summer conditions and for winter conditions beyond the year 2001. For Galt, the ammonia objective is met with conventional secondary treatment under all options. The maximum longitudinal boundary of limited use zone for various options is also summarized. Key words: ammonia, chlorine, limited use zone, management options, mixing zone, modelling, rivers, zone of passage.

scholarly journals BUILDING THE MODEL OF MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION SHARING OF ENVIRONMENTAL WATER QUALITY – DONG NAI BASIN AS A CASE STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Long Ta Bui ◽  
Truong Duy Cao ◽  
Huong Thi My Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
River Basin Scale ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
The Impact

Recently, due to the impact of natural factors and human activities, the water quality in several basins in Vietnam has been seriously degraded. Pressing issues happening in the entire river basin-scale is polluted by waste from urban and industrial areas, oil spills and waste management. So far the system of policies and legal documents relating to protection of water quality basin is still missing and not synchronized, ensure funding for activities to protect water quality basin not meeting actual requirements. In particularly, there is no information data system to cater for the management of basin water quality which is the core of the problem of environmental protection of river basins. The main reason that make pollution happened at the entire river basin scale is bad waste management. which partly due to the lack of a good system of technical data and legal documents related to protection of river basin water quality. In this paper, we present research results from the process of building model for management and information sharing of environmental water quality at Dong Nai river basin.

scholarly journals Hydrological Implications of Climate Change on River Basin Water Cycle: Case Studies of the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basins, China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Liu ◽  
Zongxue Xu ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Youzhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Statistical Downscaling ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
River Basins ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Statistical Downscaling Model ◽  
Basin Water

Climate change is a global issue that draws widespread attention from the international society. As an important component of the climate system, the water cycle is directly affected by climate change. Thus, it is very important to study the influences of climate change on the basin water cycle with respect to maintenance of healthy rivers, sustainable use of water resources, and sustainable socioeconomic development in the basin. In this study, by assessing the suitability of multiple General Circulation Models (GCMs) recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) and Automated Statistical Downscaling model (ASD) were used to generate future climate change scenarios. These were then used to drive distributed hydrologic models (Variable Infiltration Capacity, Soil and Water Assessment Tool) for hydrological simulation of the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins, thereby quantifying the effects of climate change on the basin water cycle. The results showed that suitability assessment adopted in this study could effectively reduce the uncertainty of GCMs, and that statistical downscaling was able to greatly improve precipitation and temperature outputs in global climate mode. Compared to a baseline period (1961–1990), projected future periods (2046–2065 and 2081–2100) had a slightly decreasing tendency of runoff in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. In particular, a significant increase in runoff was observed during flood seasons in the southeast part. However, runoff of the upper Yellow River basin decreased continuously. The results provide a reference for studying climate change in major river basins of China.

Vertical zonality of the water cycle and the impact of land-use change on runoff in the Qingshui River Basin of Wutai Mountain, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (16) ◽  
pp. 2080-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xu ◽  
Yangwen Jia ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Cunwen Niu ◽  
Jiajia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vertical Zonality ◽  
Wutai Mountain

scholarly journals Impact of changes in land use in the flow of the Pará River Basin, MG

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro L. Rodrigues ◽  
Marcos A. T. Elmiro ◽  
Francisco de A. Braga ◽  
Claudia M. Jacobi ◽  
Rafael D. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
The Impact

Plant cover plays an essential role in the maintenance and balance of the hydrological cycle, performing functions in the control of water availability, which guarantee flow permanence. The use of mathematical models is an alternative to represent the hydrological system and help in the understanding of phenomena involving the variables of the water cycle, in order to anticipate and predict impacts from potential changes in land use. In the present study, the hydrological model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was used to analyse the dynamics of flow and water flow in the Pará River Basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil, aiming to evaluate the impact caused by changes in land use in water availability. The adjusted model was assessed by the coefficient of efficiency of Nash-Sutcliffe (between -0.057 to -0.059), indicating high correlation and coefficient of residual mass (0.757 to 0.793) and therefore a satisfactory fit. An increase of about 10% in the basin flow was estimated, as a function of changes in land use, when simulating the removal of the original 'Cerrado' vegetation and of the seasonal semideciduous forest for pasture implementation in 38% of the basin.

Dynamically Downscaled High-Resolution Hydroclimate Projections for Western Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre R. Erler ◽  
W. Richard Peltier ◽  
Marc D’Orgeville
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Model Version ◽  
Major River ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Accurate identification of the impact of global warming on water resources in major river systems represents a significant challenge to the understanding of climate change on the regional scale. Here, dynamically downscaled climate projections for western Canada are presented, and impacts on hydrological variables in two major river basins, the Fraser and Athabasca, are discussed. These regions are both challenging because of the complexity of the topography and important because of the economic activity occurring within them. To obtain robust projections of future conditions, and to adequately characterize the impact of natural variability, a small initial condition ensemble of independently downscaled climate projections is employed. The Community Earth System Model, version 1 (CESM1), is used to generate the ensemble, which consists of four members. Downscaling is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model, version 3.4.1 (WRF V3.4.1), in a nested configuration with two domains at 30- and 10-km resolution, respectively. The entire ensemble was integrated for a historical validation period and for a mid-twenty-first-century projection period [assuming representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) for the future trajectory of greenhouse gases]. The projections herein are characterized by an increase in winter precipitation for the mid-twenty-first-century period, whereas net precipitation in summer is projected to decrease, due to increased evapotranspiration. In the Fraser River basin, a shift to more liquid precipitation and earlier snowmelt will likely reduce the seasonal variability of runoff, in particular the spring freshet. In the Athabasca River basin, winter precipitation and snowmelt may increase somewhat, but increasing evapotranspiration may lead to reduced streamflow in late summer.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical characterization and evaluation of the impact of AMD processes on river basin areas in the Iberian Pyrite Belt

Water Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Grande ◽  
M. L. de la Torre ◽  
M. Santisteban ◽  
J. C. Fortes
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
South West ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Abstract The hydrographic network in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) (south-west Europe) is intensively affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) processes. This represents a unique worldwide scenario of extractive mining activity for more than 4,000 years. In order to be able to achieve possible restorations, it is necessary to reduce the scale of possible actions for future environmental improvements, at the river basin level. Therefore, the delineation of watersheds and subwatersheds in the IPB has been carried out, as well as the definition of the degree of impact by AMD processes in these basins in the dry season and in the rainy season. The results show that all basins are affected by AMD processes during the entire hydrological year, with pH values between 2 and 3, for most cases, and high concentrations of sulfates, metals and arsenic.

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