scholarly journals Measuring Livelihood Diversification and Forest Conservation Choices: Insights from Rural Cameroon

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude Kimengsi ◽  
Jürgen Pretzsch ◽  
Mukong Kechia ◽  
Symphorien Ongolo
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Forest Activities

While forests’ contribution to rural livelihoods has been unearthed scientifically, the patterns, determinants and forest conservation policy implications of livelihood diversification still beg for more scientific and policy edification. This paper makes a contribution in this regard, using household data (N = 200) from eight villages around the Kilum-Ijim Forest Landscape of Cameroon. The ordinary least square and the logit model are used to explore the determinants of livelihood diversification and the likelihood of forest dependence, respectively. The diversification patterns were analysed using a simple t-test, and the multinomial logit for conservation choices. We find that forest-related activities are a source of livelihood diversification for 63% of households, with non-timber forest products (NTFP) domestication (31%) and medicinal plant extraction (30%) being the most preferred. For non-forest activities, migration is the most preferred diversification strategy. Generally, households with favourable socio-economic status prefer non-forest to forest activities for livelihood diversification. The regression estimates indicate that older respondents are more likely to depend on the forest than the young, whereas males and individuals with at least some secondary education are less likely than their respective counterparts to rely on the forest. The results also suggest those who participated in training, educated household heads and older individuals are significantly more likely to choose high-valued diversification strategies. Concerning conservation activities, households with favourable socio-economic status are on average less likely to adopt NTFP domestication and more likely to adopt bee-keeping as a conservation choice. The results suggest the need for policy considerations to: (i) effectively integrate women in forest management processes, (ii) intensify trainings for conservation-friendly diversification approaches, (iii) regulate unclean energy use and (iv) encourage value chain improvement for conservation-friendly products.

CORRELATES OF HAPPINESS AMONG MUSLIM WOMEN STUDENTS IN WOMEN CENTRE FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION SOKOTO STATE, NORTHERN NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-323
Author(s):  
Zainab Ibrahim Lawal ◽  
Aqeel Khan ◽  
Jamaluddin Bin Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Women Students ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Coping Scale

Despite burgeoning researches on happiness in different fields of psychology, anthropology, and economics, in the west on Judeo-Christians and on men, fewer researches were conducted on correlates of happiness among Muslims especially Women in the African context. World happiness report (WHR) reported that Nigeria was ranked as the 5th happiest nation and 6th in Africa, however fewer researches of happiness in Nigeria were reported especially in Northern Nigeria. It investigated the relationship between happiness, culture, socio-economic status and religious coping, among Muslim women students. Quantitative design of the correlational type was used, the population of 900 students from women centers for continuing education (WCCE) and 269 samples using a purposive sampling method. Orientation to happiness scale (OHS) with the reliability of 0.953, cultural questionnaire for women (CQW) with a coefficient of 0.918, a demographic questionnaire socio-economic status scale (SESS) with 0.717 reliability co-efficient and Islamic religious coping scale (IRCOPE) with alpha 0.888 were the instruments used for data collection, generally named happiness, culture, socio-economic status and religious coping scale with a total coefficient of 0.937. Partial least square based on structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data. It revealed that a statistically significant positive relationship between happiness, culture and religious coping, while SES was not significantly related to happiness among Muslim women students.

Discrepancies between subjective perception and waist-to-height ratio measurement of obesity, and their policy implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1624-1643
Author(s):  
Yong-Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Ratio Measurement ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

In social sciences, researchers rely on subjective perceptions of obesity measures to examine the determinants of obesity and the likely effects of obesity on health outcomes. However, subjective perception tends to produce estimation biases. In this study, we investigated the misreporting behavior of individuals regarding obesity using waist-to-height ratio as an objective measurement of obesity. Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008–2011, we showed that false-reporting behavior was significantly associated with socio-economic status. Furthermore, we presented that subjective perception of obesity yielded misleading estimates in both the determinants and the consequences of obesity.

Entrepreneurial Behavior of Skilled Youths of Banda District of Bundelkhand Region,Uttar Pradesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-191
Author(s):  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
B. K. Gupta ◽  
B. P. Mishra ◽  
Gaurav Shukla ◽  
Saurabh S. Raghubanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Economic Profile

India being predominantly agriculture and agripreneurs play vital and important role in theagricultural value chain. In today’s changing scenario, skills in entrepreneurship developmenthave become important and Skill Development of Rural Youth is a flagship scheme of theGovernment of India. The study was conducted in Banda district of Bundelkhand regionof Uttar Pradesh to study the entrepreneurial behaviour of youths and its impact on socio-economic status of youths. Total 90 respondents were selected through proportionaterandom sampling from three youth training centers of Banda district. The data were collectedwith the help of pre-structured schedule and entrepreneurial behaviour of youths wasassessed by seven components of entrepreneurial behaviour. It was found that the majority(66.67%) of respondents had medium level of entrepreneurial behaviour. Further, the socio-economic profile attributes like education, land holding, material possession, occupation,annual income and sources of information utilization were positively and significantlycorrelated with entrepreneurial behaviour of youths.

Lo sviluppo dell'epidemiologia del life course

2009 ◽  
pp. 171-189
Author(s):  
David Blane ◽  
Juliet Stone ◽  
Gopal Netuveli
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Life Course Epidemiology ◽  
Accumulation Model ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Life Course Approach ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Life Course

- The present paper reviews the development of life course epidemiology since its origins during the 1990s from biological programming, birth cohort research and the study of health inequalities. Methods of studying the life course are examined, including birth cohort studies, linked register datasets and epidemiological archaeology. Three models of life course epidemiology are described: critical periods, accumulation, and pathways. Their conceptual and empirical differentiation can be difficult, but it is argued that accumulation is the underlying social process driving life course trajectories, while the critical period and pathway models are distinguished by their concern with specific types of aetiological process. Among the advantages of the accumulation model are predictive power, aetiological insights, contributions to health inequality debates and social policy implications. It is emphasised that the life course approach is not opposed to, or an alternative to, a concern with cross-sectional and current effects; major social disruption can have a large and immediate impact on health. Other limitations of the life course approach include a spectrum of impact (life course effects can be strong in relation to physiology, but often are weaker in relation to behaviour and psychological reactions to everyday life) and, more speculatively, the possibility that life course effects are diluted in the older age groups where morbidity and mortality are highest. Three issues for the future of life course epidemiology are identified. Many life course data are collected retrospectively. We need to know which items of information are recalled with what degree of accuracy over how many decades; and what methods of collecting these retrospective data maximise accuracy and duration. Second, the two partners in life course research need to take more seriously each other's disciplines. Social scientists need to be more critical of such measures as self-assessed health, which lacks an aetiology and hence biological plausibility. Natural scientists need to be more critical of such concepts as socio-economic status, which lacks social plausibility because it fails to distinguish between social location and social prestige. Finally, European comparative studies can play an important part in the future development of life course epidemiology if they build on the emerging infrastructure of European comparative research. Key words: life course epidemiology, life course trajectories, life course data, social inequalities, accumulation model, socio-economic status. Parole chiave: epidemiologia del corso di vita, traiettorie di vita, dati del corso di vita, disuguaglianze sociali, modello di accumulazione, status socio-economico

scholarly journals Temporal trends of cardiovascular health factors among 366 270 French adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamba Gaye ◽  
Gabriel S Tajeu ◽  
Lucile Offredo ◽  
Maxime Vignac ◽  
Stacey Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Aims  We aimed to investigate time trends in cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in the population at large, as well as in important subgroups. Methods and results  In this study, we used a community-based sample of 366 270 adults from France who had a standardized examination to assess cardiovascular risk factors between 1992 and 2011 (20 years). Cardiovascular health metrics categorized into ideal, intermediate, and poor categories were computed using smoking, physical activity, body mass index, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Matching on age, sex, and depression across 5-year periods (1992–96, 1997–2001, 2002–06, and 2007–11) was performed in order to correct for the sociodemographic differences between the examinations at different periods of times. Mean age across all four time periods was 44.7 (SD 13) years and 38% (138 228) were women. Overall, few participants (≤3.5%) met all six ideal CVH metrics at any time point. The prevalence of meeting ≥5 ideal CVH metrics increased from 6.7% in 1992–96 to 15.0% in 2007–11 (P < 0.001). A significant improvement in CVH (meeting ≥5 ideal CVH metrics) from 1992 to 2011 was observed among younger (from 7.5% to 16.6%) and older individuals (from 1.3% to 4.2%), men (from 4.4% to 11.8%) and women (from 10.4% to 20.1%), those with low (from 9.1% to 10.4%) and high education status (from 15% to 18.1%) and those with (from 5.1% to 12.7%) and without depressive symptoms (from 6.8% to 15.1%). However, the rate of improvement was steepest in the most affluent group in comparison with those with lower socio-economic status. Conclusion  Overall CVH improved from 1992 until 2006 and slightly decreased between 2006 and 2011 in French adults. From 1992 until 2006, the improvement in CVH was less pronounced among those with low socio-economic status as compared to those with a higher socio-economic status.

scholarly journals PENGARUH STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI ORANG TUA TERHADAP SIKAP KEWIRAUSAHAAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Dina Ramadhanti ◽  
Hari Mulyadi ◽  
Girang Razati
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽  
Linearity Test

This study was conducted to determine whether there are significant socio-economic status of parents towards entrepreneurial attitudes. Data collected through questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The population in this study there was a class X student of marketing. Sampling on research using saturation sampling 71 respondents. Testing data in this study tested the validity, reliability test, linearity test and hypothesis testing. The method used is descriptive verification. Analysis data technique used is Partial Least Square with computer software tools SmartPLS 3.0. Based on this overall research result, the counting that gained from simple regression conclude that socio-economic status of parents have a positive impact with strong category towards entrepreneurial attitudes. Keywords: Socio Economic Status of Parents, Attitudes Entrepreneurship

scholarly journals Socio-economic Implications of Imported Frozen Tilapia on the Local fish Production and Value Chain Linkages: Case of Kisumu County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Ogello ◽  
Nicholas Outa ◽  
Kizito Ouma
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

The amount of frozen tilapia import from China has increased over the past five years to the current 20,000 tons per year. The imports have assisted in bridging the fish production deficit in the country. This study was conducted to determine the socio-economic effects of imported tilapia on the local fish market and value chain in Kisumu County. Primary data was collected using questionnaires, direct interviews and observations from 120 randomly selected fishermen and fish farmers, 100 fish traders and 96 households. Results revealed that 57 % of the fish traders sold imported fish, 27% sold fish from capture fisheries while 16% sold fish from aquaculture facilities. Imported tilapia was sold at Ksh. 200 per kg while local tilapia fish were sold at Ksh. 320 per kilo for aquaculture and Ksh. 300 for captured fish respectively. Due to the cheap cost of imported fish, up to 62% of the households consumed imported tilapia regularly. About 46 % of the respondents have gained direct employment and improved socio-economic status due to the imported fish, of which 90 % of them are women and young girls who are directly engaged in fish value addition and marketing. However, 51 % of the respondents reported job losses and degraded socio-economic status due to declining aquaculture and fishing activities, attributed to imported fish. Fish market in Kisumu County is dominated by imported tilapia which is cheaper than locally produced fish. The fish importation has negatively affected local aquaculture and artisanal wild fish capture in the nearby beaches.

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