scholarly journals How to Increase Biodiversity of Saproxylic Beetles in Commercial Stands through Integrated Forest Management in Central Europe

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Václav Zumr ◽  
Jiří Remeš ◽  
Karel Pulkrab
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Model Management ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Saproxylic Species ◽  
Average Rotation ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Integrated Forest Management ◽  
Commercial Forest

Due to traditional forest management, the primary goal of which is the production of raw wood material, commercial forest stands are characterized by low biodiversity. At the same time, commercial forests make up the majority of forests in the Central European region, which means a significant impact on the biodiversity of the entire large region. Saproxylic species of organisms are a frequently used criterion of biodiversity in forests. Based upon the analysis of 155 scientific works, this paper defines the fundamental attributes of the active management supporting biodiversity as well as the preservation of the production function. Using these attributes, a model management proposal was created for three tree species, which takes into account the results of research carried out in the territory of the University Forest Enterprise of the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, since 2019. The optimum constant volume of deadwood in commercial stands was set at 40–60 m3/ha, 20% of which should be standing deadwood. The time framework is scheduled for an average rotation period of the model tree species, while the location of deadwood and frequency of enrichment must comply with the rate of decomposition, the requirement for the bulkiest dimensions of deadwood possible, and the planned time of tending and regeneration operations in accordance with the models used in the Czech Republic. The goal of active management is to maintain the continuity of suitable habitats for sensitive and endangered species. The estimates of the value of retained wood for decomposition can be as high as 45–70 EUR/ha/year for spruce and beech, and about 30 EUR /ha/year for oak.

scholarly journals The Use of Tree-Related Microhabitats as Forest Biodiversity Indicators and to Guide Integrated Forest Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Asbeck ◽  
Josef Großmann ◽  
Yoan Paillet ◽  
Nathalie Winiger ◽  
Jürgen Bauhus
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Biodiversity Indicator ◽  
Biodiversity Indicators ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Retention Forestry ◽  
Integrated Forest Management ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Research Challenge

Abstract Purpose of the Review The concept of tree-related microhabitats (TreMs) is an approach to assess and manage multi-taxon species richness in forest ecosystems. Owing to their provision of special habitat features, TreMs are of special interest as a surrogate biodiversity indicator. In particular, in retention forestry, TreMs have gained attention over the past decade as a selection criterion for retained structural elements such as habitat trees. This review seeks to (a) address the suitability of TreMs as biodiversity indicator in the context of retention forestry, (b) summarize drivers of TreM occurrence and the status quo of the implementation of TreM-based retention concepts in forest management, and (c) discuss current and future challenges to the use of TreMs as biodiversity indicator. Recent Findings The TreM concept originated in Europe where it is now increasingly implemented. Most studies of the quantity, quality, and diversity of TreMs are focused on tree species from this region, although it is increasingly applied in other contexts. In addition to tree species, tree dimensions and live status have been identified as the main drivers of TreM occurrence. One major remaining research challenge is to verify relationships between the occurrence and abundance of forest-dwelling species from different taxonomic groups and TreMs to improve the evidence basis of this concept and thus increase its integration in forest conservation approaches. Summary TreMs are not the “silver bullet” indicator to quantify biodiversity of forest dwelling species, but they provide an important tool for forest managers to guide the selection of habitat trees for the conservation of the associated biodiversity.

Long-term response in nutrient load from commercial forest management operations in a mountainous watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 119312
Author(s):  
C. Deval ◽  
E.S. Brooks ◽  
J.A. Gravelle ◽  
T.E. Link ◽  
M. Dobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Mountainous Watershed ◽  
Commercial Forest ◽  
Term Response

Spatio-temporal dynamics of suitable habitats for Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. (Caesalpiniaceae), a priority food tree species in Benin (West Africa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Relique Ignace Agbo ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
Romaric Vihotogbé ◽  
Antoine Abel Missihoun ◽  
Rollande Aladé Dagba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Suitable Habitats

scholarly journals Forest summer albedo is sensitive to species and thinning: how should we account for this in Earth system models?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2411-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Otto ◽  
D. Berveiller ◽  
F.-M. Bréon ◽  
N. Delpierre ◽  
G. Geppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Forest Thinning ◽  
Area Index ◽  
System Models ◽  
Maximum Change ◽  
Earth System Models

Abstract. Although forest management is one of the instruments proposed to mitigate climate change, the relationship between forest management and canopy albedo has been ignored so far by climate models. Here we develop an approach that could be implemented in Earth system models. A stand-level forest gap model is combined with a canopy radiation transfer model and satellite-derived model parameters to quantify the effects of forest thinning on summertime canopy albedo. This approach reveals which parameter has the largest affect on summer canopy albedo: we examined the effects of three forest species (pine, beech, oak) and four thinning strategies with a constant forest floor albedo (light to intense thinning regimes) and five different solar zenith angles at five different sites (40° N 9° E–60° N 9° E). During stand establishment, summertime canopy albedo is driven by tree species. In the later stages of stand development, the effect of tree species on summertime canopy albedo decreases in favour of an increasing influence of forest thinning. These trends continue until the end of the rotation, where thinning explains up to 50% of the variance in near-infrared albedo and up to 70% of the variance in visible canopy albedo. The absolute summertime canopy albedo of all species ranges from 0.03 to 0.06 (visible) and 0.20 to 0.28 (near-infrared); thus the albedo needs to be parameterised at species level. In addition, Earth system models need to account for forest management in such a way that structural changes in the canopy are described by changes in leaf area index and crown volume (maximum change of 0.02 visible and 0.05 near-infrared albedo) and that the expression of albedo depends on the solar zenith angle (maximum change of 0.02 visible and 0.05 near-infrared albedo). Earth system models taking into account these parameters would not only be able to examine the spatial effects of forest management but also the total effects of forest management on climate.

scholarly journals Summertime canopy albedo is sensitive to forest thinning

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 15373-15414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Otto ◽  
D. Berveiller ◽  
F.-M. Bréon ◽  
N. Delpierre ◽  
G. Geppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Forest Thinning ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Despite an emerging body of literature linking canopy albedo to forest management, understanding of the process is still fragmented. We combined a stand-level forest gap model with a canopy radiation transfer model and satellite-derived model parameters to quantify the effects of forest thinning, that is removing trees at a certain time during the forest rotation, on summertime canopy albedo. The effects of different forest species (pine, beech, oak) and four thinning strategies (light to intense thinning regimes) were examined. During stand establishment, summertime canopy albedo is driven by tree species. In the later stages of stand development, the effect of tree species on summertime canopy albedo decreases in favour of an increasing influence of forest thinning on summertime canopy albedo. These trends continue until the end of the rotation where thinning explains up to 50% of the variance in near-infrared canopy albedo and up to 70% of the variance in visible canopy albedo. More intense thinning lowers the summertime shortwave albedo in the canopy by as much as 0.02 compared to unthinned forest. The structural changes associated with forest thinning can be described by the change in LAI in combination with crown volume. However, forests with identical canopy structure can have different summertime albedo values due to their location: the further north a forest is situated, the more the solar zenith angle increases and thus the higher is the summertime canopy albedo, independent of the wavelength. Despite the increase of absolute summertime canopy albedo values with latitude, the difference in canopy albedo between managed and unmanaged forest decreases with increasing latitude. Forest management thus strongly altered summertime forest albedo.

scholarly journals Combined asteroseismology, spectroscopy, and astrometry of the CoRoT B2V target HD 170580

2019 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. A75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Aerts ◽  
M. G. Pedersen ◽  
E. Vermeyen ◽  
L. Hendriks ◽  
C. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Massive Star ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Stellar Structure ◽  
Atomic Diffusion ◽  
High Mass ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Hydrogen Burning ◽  
Average Rotation ◽  
Low Order

Context. Space asteroseismology reveals that stellar structure and evolution models of intermediate- and high-mass stars are in need of improvement in terms of angular momentum and chemical element transport. Aims. We aim to probe the interior structure of a hot, massive star in the core-hydrogen-burning phase of its evolution. Methods. We analysed CoRoT space photometry, Gaia DR2 space astrometry, and high-resolution high signal-to-noise HERMES and HARPS time-series spectroscopy of the slowly rotating B2V star HD 170580. Results. From the time-series spectroscopy, we derive v sin i = 4 ± 2 km s−1, where the uncertainty results from the complex pulsational line-profile variability that has been so far ignored in the literature. We detect 42 frequencies with amplitudes above five times the local noise level. Amongst these we identify five rotationally split triplets and one quintuplet. Asteroseismic modelling based on CoRoT, Gaia DR2, and spectroscopic data leads to a star of M ∼ 8 M⊙ near core-hydrogen exhaustion and an extended overshoot zone. The detected low-order pressure-mode frequencies cannot be fit within the uncertainties of the CoRoT data by models without atomic diffusion. Irrespective of this limitation, the low-order gravity modes reveal HD 170580 to be a slow rotator with an average rotation period between 73 and 98 d and a hint of small differential rotation. Conclusions. Future Gaia DR3 data taking into account the multiplicity of the star, along with long-term TESS photometry would allow us to put better observational constraints on the asteroseismic models of this blue evolved massive star. Improved modelling with atomic diffusion, including radiative levitation, is needed to achieve compliance with the low helium surface abundance of the star. This poses immense computational challenges but is required to derive the interior rotation and mixing profiles of this star.

Optimal strategies for integrated forest management in megacities combined with wood and carbon services

2019 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Guoliang Liu ◽  
Yanshu Liu ◽  
Yuanjun Zhu ◽  
Xiaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Integrated Forest Management

scholarly journals Stand structure indices as tools to support forest management: an application in Trentino forests (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pastorella ◽  
A. Paletto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
North East

Stand structure and species diversity are two useful parameters to provide a synthetic measure of forest biodiversity. The stand structure is spatial distribution, mutual position, diameter and height differentiation of trees in a forest ecosystem and it highly influences habitat and species diversity. The forest stand and species diversity can be measured through indices that provide important information to better address silvicultural practices and forest management strategies in the short and long-term period. These indices can be combined in a composite index in order to evaluate the complex diversity at the stand level. The aim of the paper is to identify and to test a complex index (S-index) allowing to take into account both the tree species composition and the stand structure. S-index was applied in a case study in the north-east of Italy (Trentino province). The results show that the Norway spruce forests in Trentino province are characterized by a medium-low level of complexity (S-index is in a range between 0.14 and 0.46) due to a low tree species composition rather than to the stand structure (diametric differentiation and spatial distribution of trees).  

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