scholarly journals Indicators and Recommendations for Assessing Sustainable Healthy Diets

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 999
Author(s):  
Maite M. Aldaya ◽  
Francisco C. Ibañez ◽  
Paula Domínguez-Lacueva ◽  
María Teresa Murillo-Arbizu ◽  
Mar Rubio-Varas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Sustainability Assessments

Research coupling human nutrition and sustainability concerns is a rapidly developing field, which is essential to guide governments’ policies. This critical and comprehensive review analyzes indicators and approaches to “sustainable healthy diets” published in the literature since this discipline’s emergence a few years ago, identifying robust gauges and highlighting the flaws of the most commonly used models. The reviewed studies largely focus on one or two domains such as greenhouse gas emissions or water use, while overlooking potential impact shifts to other sectors or resources. The present study covers a comprehensive set of indicators from the health, environmental and socio-economic viewpoints. This assessment concludes that in order to identify the best food option in sustainability assessments and nutrition analysis of diets, some aspects such as the classification and disaggregation of food groups, the impacts of the rates of local food consumption and seasonality, preservation methods, agrobiodiversity and organic food and different production systems, together with consequences for low-income countries, require further analysis and consideration.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity among Farmed Stocks of Oreochromis spp. (Perciformes, Cichlidae) in Madagascar

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Nicolas Hubert ◽  
Elodie Pepey ◽  
Jean-Michel Mortillaro ◽  
Dirk Steinke ◽  
Diana Edithe Andria-Mananjara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Well Differentiated

The fast development of aquaculture over the past decades has made it the main source of fish protein and led to its integration into the global food system. Mostly originating from inland production systems, aquaculture has emerged as strategy to decrease malnutrition in low-income countries. The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was introduced to Madagascar in the 1950s, and is now produced nationally at various scales. Aquaculture mostly relies on fry harvested from wild populations and grow-out in ponds for decades. It has recently been diversified by the introduction of several fast-growing strains. Little is known how local genetic diversity compares to recently introduced strains, although high and comparable levels of genetic diversity have previously been observed for both wild populations and local stocks. Our study compares DNA barcode genetic diversity among eight farms and several strains belonging to three species sampled. DNA-based lineage delimitation methods were applied and resulted in the detection of six well differentiated and highly divergent lineages. A comparison of DNA barcode records to sequences on the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) helped to trace the origin of several of them. Both haplotype and nucleotide diversity indices highlight high levels of mitochondrial genetic diversity, with several local strains displaying higher diversity than recently introduced strains. This allows for multiple options to maintain high levels of genetic diversity in broodstock and provides more options for selective breeding programs.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential Impact and Cost-effectiveness of Self-Testing for HIV in Low-Income Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cambiano ◽  
Deborah Ford ◽  
Travor Mabugu ◽  
Sue Napierala Mavedzenge ◽  
Alec Miners ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Potential Impact

Sustainable Food Consumption in the Neoliberal Order

2021 ◽  
pp. 1036-1061
Author(s):  
Henry E. Alapiki ◽  
Luke A. Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food System ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Global Food

In recent decades, we have seen the rise of the sustainable food consumption field and its push for disciplinary space in development studies. This chapter turns to the original impetus of sustainable food consumption and the question of how neoliberal order can be reconciled with the need to save the ecology. Beyond the fundamental objectives, there is a need to assess the links between the global food system, as influenced by neoliberal order, and the signs that it leads to adversity for low-income countries. A review of relevant literature in the sustainable consumption field is explored using content analysis to examine links between neoliberal food consumption dynamics, the logic of global food politics, and the emerging terminological shifts from food consumption to food system. The world systems theory and the Marxian political ecology framework are used to show that sustainability is notable for emphasizing resource efficiency and equitability, which can be useful when sustainability challenges are matched with ecological policies. This chapter makes some policy recommendations.

Comparing the Effects of Unsustainable Production and Consumption of Food on Health and Policy Across Developed and Less Developed Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1011-1035
Author(s):  
Josue Mbonigaba
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Production And Consumption

The unsustainable food consumption across high-income countries (HICs) and low-income countries (LICs) is expected to differ in nature and extent, although no formal evidence in this respect has been documented. Documenting this evidence is the aim of this chapter. Specifically, the chapter seeks to answer the following questions: 1) Do the contexts in less developed countries (LDCs) and developed countries (DCs) make the nature and extent of unsustainability in food consumption different? 2) Do the mechanisms of the linkage between unsustainability of food consumption and health outcomes independent of countries' contexts? 3) Are current policies against unsustainable food consumption equally effective in DCs and LDCs? These questions are answered by means of a systematic review of the literature for the period 2000-2017. The findings are that the nature and extent of unsustainability is quite different across contexts of LICs and HICs.

scholarly journals Dietary pesticide exposure profiles in the NutriNet-Santé cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Rebouillat ◽  
Rodolphe Vidal ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cravedi ◽  
Bruno Taupier-Letage ◽  
Laurent Debrauwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Pesticide Exposures ◽  
Organic Food Consumption

AbstractPesticides are used in large quantities in current agriculture all over Europe. Some pesticides are suspected of having negative effects on human health. While the risk associated with occupational exposure is getting well-documented, evidence of dietary exposure to these molecules in the general population is lacking. The aim of this study is to describe dietary exposure to pesticides among NutriNet-Santé cohort participants’.NutriNet-Santé is a web-based cohort of French middle-aged adults launched in 2009. BioNutriNet is an ancillary study launched in 2014, aiming to measure organic and conventional food consumption and evaluate different dimensions of diet sustainability. Dietary intake of organic and conventional foods was assessed using a 264 items self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Exposure to 25 commonly used pesticides was evaluated using contamination data from CVUA Stuttgart accounting for farming system. Dietary pesticide exposure profiles were identified using Non-Negative Matrix factorization (NMF), specially adapted for non-negative data with excess zeros. The NMF scores were then introduced in a hierarchical clustering process. Identified clusters were described in terms of sociodemographics, dietary patterns and exposure to pesticides.A total of 34,442 participants were selected. Four clusters were identified. All clusters seemed to be exposed to the same molecules, with gradual intensity. The first cluster was characterized by the lowest energy-intake, highest organic food consumption (26.9%) and lowest dietary pesticide exposure; participants had highest consumption levels of organic food groups, including fruits and vegetables. Proportion of male participants and of rural residents was higher than in other groups. Clusters 2 and 3 were characterized by intermediate energy intake, and low organic food consumption. High conventional fruits and vegetables intake and moderate pesticide exposure were observed in cluster 2, composed of a lower smokers’ proportion. Cluster 3 individuals were less exposed to pesticides than clusters 2 and 4, except for Spinosad and Pyrethrins. Cluster 4 was characterized by the highest energy intake, lowest organic food consumption (12.2%), and highest pesticide exposure ; high consumption levels of conventional fruits, vegetables and a higher proportion of vegetarians were observed. This cluster was composed of 85.6% female participants, mainly retired (47.5%), mostly living in cities of 200 000 inhabitants and more (48.2%), and physically active.Dietary pesticide exposures seem to vary across the clusters and depending on the proportion of organic food in the diet. High consumers of conventional fruits and vegetables consumers seem to be more exposed to our selection of pesticides.

scholarly journals Typology of eaters based on conventional and organic food consumption: results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Baudry ◽  
Mathilde Touvier ◽  
Benjamin Allès ◽  
Sandrine Péneau ◽  
Caroline Méjean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Conventional Foods ◽  
Organic Food Consumption

AbstractLimited information is available on large-scale populations regarding the socio-demographic and nutrient profiles and eating behaviour of consumers, taking into account both organic and conventional foods. The aims of this study were to draw up a typology of consumers according to their eating habits, based both on their dietary patterns and the mode of food production, and to outline their socio-demographic, behavioural and nutritional characteristics. Data were collected from 28 245 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study. Dietary information was obtained using a 264-item, semi-quantitative, organic FFQ. To identify clusters of consumers, principal component analysis was applied on sixteen conventional and sixteen organic food groups followed by a clustering procedure. The following five clusters of consumers were identified: (1) a cluster characterised by low energy intake, low consumption of organic food and high prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes; (2) a cluster of big eaters of conventional foods with high intakes of SFA and cholesterol; (3) a cluster with high consumption of organic food and relatively adequate nutritional diet quality; (4) a group with a high percentage of organic food consumers, 14 % of which were either vegetarians or vegans, who exhibited a high nutritional diet quality and a low prevalence of inadequate intakes of most vitamins except B12; and (5) a group of moderate organic food consumers with a particularly high intake of proteins and alcohol and a poor nutritional diet quality. These findings may have implications for future aetiological studies investigating the potential impact of organic food consumption.

scholarly journals Relative Validity and Reproducibility of a Dietary Screener Adapted for Use Among Pregnant Women in Dhulikhel, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 823-823
Author(s):  
Kelly Tiderencel ◽  
Krupali Shah ◽  
Abha Shrestha ◽  
Emily S Barrett ◽  
Archana Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Screener ◽  
Excellent Reproducibility

Abstract Objectives Culturally appropriate dietary assessments are lacking in many low-income countries including Nepal. Here we examined the reproducibility and validity of a dietary screener which was translated and adapted to assess diet quality among pregnant Nepalese women. Methods A pilot cohort of singleton pregnant women (N = 101; age 25.9 ± 4.1 years) was recruited from a tertiary, periurban hospital in Nepal. An adapted Nepali version of the PrimeScreen questionnaire, assessing weekly consumption frequency of 12 healthy and 9 unhealthy food groups, was administered twice and a month apart in both the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Up to four inconsecutive 24-hr dietary recalls (24-HDRs) were also completed each trimester and utilized as the reference method for validation. For each trimester, data from multiple 24-HDRs were averaged across days, and items were grouped to match the classification and the three weekly consumption categories (0–1, 2–3 or 4 + servings/week) of the 21 food groups represented on the PrimeScreen. Gwet's agreement coefficients (AC1) were used to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the adapted PrimeScreen against the 24-HDRs in both 2nd and 3rd trimester. Results In the 2nd trimester, the adapted PrimeScreen demonstrated good to excellent reproducibility (AC1 > 0.6) for majority of the food groups; the reproducibility was moderate for eggs (AC1 = 0.4), and poor (AC1 < 0.4) for citrus fruits and leafy vegetables. In the 3rd trimester, AC1 for reproducibility of the PrimeScreen ranged from 0.4 (moderate agreement) to 1 (excellent agreement), with values ≥0.6 for 90% of the items indicating good to excellent reproducibility for the majority of the food groups. Compared to 24-HDRs, the adapted PrimeScreen showed moderate to excellent validity (AC1 ≥ 0.4) for all food groups except for eggs and leafy vegetables in both the 2nd and 3rd trimester, and additionally citrus fruits and cruciferous vegetables in the 2nd trimester alone. Classification into 3 consumption categories (0–1, 2–3 or 4 + servings/week) were consistent (percentage agreement > 80%) between the PrimeScreen and 24-HDR for 80% of the food groups in both 2nd and 3rd trimester. Conclusions The adapted PrimeScreen questionnaire appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the dietary intake of most food groups among pregnant women in Nepal. Funding Sources NIH/FIC.

scholarly journals Affordability of Different Isocaloric Healthy Diets in Germany—An Assessment of Food Prices for Seven Distinct Food Patterns

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3037
Author(s):  
Stefan Kabisch ◽  
Sören Wenschuh ◽  
Palina Buccellato ◽  
Joachim Spranger ◽  
Andreas F.H. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Food Patterns

Affordability of different isocaloric healthy diets in Germany—an assessment of food prices for seven distinct food patterns Background: For decades, low-fat diets were recommended as the ideal food pattern to prevent obesity, type 2 diabetes and their long-term complications. Nowadays, several alternatives considering sources and quantity of protein, fat and carbohydrates have arisen and clinical evidence supports all of them for at least some metabolic outcomes. Given this variety in diets and the lack of a single ideal diet, one must evaluate if patients at risk, many of which having a lower income, can actually afford these diets. Aim: We modelled four-week food plans for a typical family of two adults and two school children based on seven different dietary patterns: highly processed standard omnivore diet (HPSD), freshly cooked standard omnivore diet (FCSD), both with German average dietary composition, low-protein vegan diet (VeganD), low-fat vegetarian diet (VegetD), low-fat omnivore diet (LFD), Mediterranean diet (MedD) and high-fat moderate-carb diet (MCD). The isocaloric diets were designed with typical menu variation for all meal times. We then assessed the lowest possible prices for all necessary grocery items in 12 different supermarket chains, avoiding organic foods, special offers, advertised exotic super foods and luxury articles. Prices for dietary patterns were compared in total, stratified by meal time and by food groups. Results: Among all seven dietary patterns, price dispersion by supermarket chains was 12–16%. Lowest average costs were calculated for the VegetD and the FCSD, followed by HPSD, LFD, VeganD, MedD and—on top—MCD. VeganD, MedD and MCD were about 16%, 23% and 67% more expensive compared to the FCSD. Major food groups determining prices for all diets are vegetables, salads and animal-derived products. Calculations for social welfare severely underestimate expenses for any kind of diet. Conclusions: Food prices are a relevant factor for healthy food choices. Food purchasing is financially challenging for persons with very low income in Germany. Fresh-cooked plant-based diets are less pricy than the unhealthy HPSD. Diets with reduced carbohydrate content are considerably more expensive, limiting their use for people with low income. Minimum wage and financial support for long-term unemployed people in Germany are insufficient to assure a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Dietary pesticide exposure profiles in the NutriNet-Santé cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rebouillat ◽  
R Vidal ◽  
J-P Cravedi ◽  
L Debrauwer ◽  
L Gamet-Payrastre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Pesticide Exposures ◽  
Organic Food Consumption

Abstract Pesticides are commonly used in current agriculture and some negative effects are suspected for human health but evidence from dietary exposure in the general population is lacking. This study aimed to describe dietary pesticide exposure among French cohort participants. Organic and conventional food consumption was assessed using a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in 2014 in the NutriNet-Santé cohort. Exposure to 25 commonly used pesticides was estimated using contamination data (CVUA Stuttgart) accounting for farming system. Dietary pesticide exposure profiles were identified using Non-negative Matrix Factorization, adapted for non-negative sparse data and then introduced in a hierarchical clustering process. The 6 identified clusters (n = 34,193) seemed to be exposed to the same molecules with gradual intensity. Cluster 1 was characterized by the lowest energy-intake and dietary pesticide exposure, and high consumption of organic food groups (23.3%). Proportion of male participants was higher than in other groups. Clusters 2 and 5 were characterized by intermediate energy intake, lower organic food consumption and intermediate pesticide exposure. High conventional fruits and vegetables intake and high pesticide exposure were observed in cluster 3, composed of a lower smokers’ proportion. Cluster 6 was characterized by the highest energy intake, lowest organic food consumption (9%), and highest pesticide exposure; high consumption levels of conventional fruits, vegetables and a higher proportion of vegans were observed. For cluster 4, pesticide exposure varied more across molecules than for other clusters. The highest exposures were observed for Acetamiprid, Azadirachtin, Cypermethrin, Pyrethrins, Spinosad pesticides. Proportion of organic food in the diet was the highest (31.5%). Dietary pesticide exposures seem to vary across the clusters and related to the proportion of organic food in the diet. Key messages Dietary pesticide exposures seemed to vary gradually across the clusters and depending on the proportion of organic food in the diet. High consumers of conventional FV in this cohort seem to be more exposed to our selection of pesticides.

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