scholarly journals In Vitro Studies of Fermented Korean Chung-Yang Hot Pepper Phenolics as Inhibitors of Key Enzymes Relevant to Hypertension and Diabetes

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon ◽  
Kim ◽  
Cho ◽  
Kim ◽  
Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

This study was investigated to evaluate the antioxidant activity, the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition effect, and the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities of hot pepper water extracts both before and after their fermentation. The fermented pepper water extract (FP) showed significantly higher total phenol content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition effect, metal chelating activity and ACE inhibition activity compared to the non-fermented raw pepper water extract (RP) (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the FP showed lower α-amylase and higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, but the RP showed similar levels of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Taken together, these results suggested that fermented pepper extract using water should be expected to have potentially inhibitory effects against both hyperglycemia and hypertension.

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pınar Ercan ◽  
Sedef Nehir El
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Grape

Abstract. The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, Malus communis), red grape (Papazkarası, Vitis vinifera) and cinnamon (Cassia, Cinnamomum) using an in vitro static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.51 mg/100 g), the highest procyanidin content was found in cinnamon (6432 ± 177.31 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05). The anthocyanin bioaccessibilities were found as 10.2 ± 1%, 8.23 ± 0.64%, and 8.73 ± 0.70% in apple, red grape, and cinnamon, respectively. The procyanidin bioaccessibilities of apple, red grape, and cinnamon were found as 17.57 ± 0.71%, 14.08 ± 0.74% and 18.75 ± 1.49%, respectively. The analyzed apple, red grape and cinnamon showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 544 ± 21.94, 445 ± 15.67, 1592 ± 17.58 μg/mL, respectively), α-amylase (IC50 38.4 ± 7.26, 56.1 ± 3.60, 3.54 ± 0.86 μg/mL, respectively), and lipase (IC50 52.7 ± 2.05, 581 ± 54.14, 49.6 ± 2.72 μg/mL), respectively. According to our results apple, red grape and cinnamon have potential to inhibit of lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes.

Inhibitory effects of epimedium herb water extract on the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
YC Oh ◽  
YH Jeong ◽  
WK Cho ◽  
SJ Lee ◽  
JY Ma
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

scholarly journals In Vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Free and Bound Phenolic Extracts from the Bran and Kernel Fractions of Five Sorghum Grain Genotypes

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Yun Xiong ◽  
Ken Ng ◽  
Pangzhen Zhang ◽  
Robyn Dorothy Warner ◽  
Shuibao Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Global Health Challenge ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

Diabetes is a global health challenge. Currently, an effective treatment for diabetes is to reduce the postprandial hyperglycaemia by inhibiting the carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes in the digestive system. In this study, we investigated the in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects of free and bound phenolic extracts, from the bran and kernel fractions of five sorghum grain genotypes. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of sorghum phenolic extracts depended on the phenolic concentration and composition. Sorghum with higher phenolic contents generally had higher inhibitory activity. Among the tested extracts, the brown sorghum (IS131C)-bran-free extract (BR-bran-free, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 18 ± 11 mg sorghum/mL) showed the strongest inhibition against α-glucosidase which was comparable to that of acarbose (IC50 = 1.39 ± 0.23 mg acarbose/mL). The red sorghum (Mr-Buster)-kernel-bound extract (RM-kernel-bound, IC50 = 160 ± 12 mg sorghum/mL) was the most potent in inhibiting α-amylase but was much weaker compared to acarbose (IC50 = 0.50 ± 0.03 mg acarbose/mL).

scholarly journals Antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of Xuanwei ham before and after cooking and in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 180276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Wang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yingnan Li ◽  
Wenying Liu ◽  
Xiaoyun Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Ace Inhibitory ◽  
Significant Increment

Xuanwei ham is especially rich in a large amount of peptides and free amino acids under the action of protein degradation. Some of these peptides can potentially exert bioactivities of interest for human health. Traditionally, Xuanwei ham should undergo Chinese household cooking treatments before eating. However, it has not been known how its bioactivity changes after cooking and gastrointestinal digestion. Herein, Xuanwei ham is analysed before and after cooking, as well as gastrointestinal digestion being simulated so as to evaluate and compare its effect on antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities. The antioxidant activity is analysed using five different methods, and results demonstrate that cooking has some negative effects on antioxidative capacity when determined using different antioxidant methods except for a significant increment in 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity, while ACE inhibitory activity increases significantly after cooking compared with control samples. After gastrointestinal digestion of samples, there is a significant increment of the antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities in comparison with control and cooked samples. Particularly, after gastrointestinal digestion, free thiols content and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-cation-scavenging activity of Xuanwei ham, respectively, increase about twice and fourfold, while ACE inhibitory activity increases about twice compared to cooked samples, reaching the value of 83.73%. Therefore, through cooking the antioxidant activity and ACE inhibitory activity of Xuanwei ham are not completely lost and a part of them is still maintained, while gastrointestinal digestion produces a significant enhancement in both bioactivities, highlighting a greater potential for a beneficial physiological effect on human health after eating it.

scholarly journals In vivo hypotensive effect and in vitro inhibitory activity of some Cyperaceae species

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
Monica Lacerda Lopes Martins ◽  
Henrique Poltronieri Pacheco ◽  
Iara Giuberti Perini ◽  
Dominik Lenz ◽  
Tadeu Uggere de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Before And After

In 1820, French naturalist August Saint Hillaire, during a visit in Espírito Santo (ES), a state in southeastern Brazil, reported a popular use of Cyperaceae species as antidote to snake bites. The plant may even have a hypotensive effect, though it was never properly researched. The in vitro inhibitory of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of eigth ethanolic extracts of Cyperaceae was evaluated by colorimetric assay. Total phenolic and flavonoids were determined using colorimetric assay. The hypotensive effect of the active specie (Rhychonospora exaltata, ERE) and the in vivo ACE assay was measured in vivo using male Wistar Kyoto (ERE, 0.01-100mg/kg), with acetylcholine (ACh) as positive control (5 µg/kg, i.v.). The evaluation of ACE in vivo inhibitory effect was performed comparing the mean arterial pressure before and after ERE (10 mg/kg) in animals which received injection of angiotensin I (ANG I; 0,03, 03 and 300 µg/kg, i.v.). Captopril (30 mg/kg) was used as positive control. Bulbostylis capillaris (86.89 ± 15.20%) and ERE (74.89 ± 11.95%, ERE) were considered active in the in vitro ACE inhibition assay, at 100 µg/mL concentration. ACh lead to a hypotensive effect before and after ERE's curve (-40±5% and -41±3%). ERE showed a dose-dependent hypotensive effect and a in vivo ACE inhibitory effect. Cyperaceae species showed an inhibitory activity of ACE, in vitro, as well as high content of total phenolic and flavonoids. ERE exhibited an inhibitory effect on both in vitro and in vivo ACE. The selection of species used in popular medicine as antidotes, along with the in vitro assay of ACE inhibition, might be a biomonitoring method for the screening of new medicinal plants with hypotensive properties.

BPP-5a produces a potent and long-lasting NO-dependent antihypertensive effect

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Ianzer ◽  
Carlos Henrique Xavier ◽  
Fabiana Costa Fraga ◽  
Roberto Queiroga Lautner ◽  
Juliano Rodrigo Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme ◽  
Animal Venoms

Background: The bradykinin potentiating peptides (BPPs) are oligopeptides found in different animal venoms. BPPs isolated from Bothrops jararaca venom were the first natural inhibitors described for somatic angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). They were used in the structural modeling for captopril development, a classical ACE inhibitor widely used to treat human hypertension. Methods: We evaluated the effect of BPP-5a on cardiovascular parameters of conscious Wistar (WTs) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Results: In SHR, BPP-5a showed potent cardiovascular effects, at doses ranging from 0.47 to 710 nmol/kg. The maximal changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were found at the dose of 2.37 nmol/kg (Δ MAP: −38 ± 4 mmHg, p < 0.01; Δ HR: −71 ± 17 bpm, p < 0.05). Reductions in MAP and HR occurred throughout 6 hours of post-injection period. In contrast to active site-directed ACE inhibitors, no ACE inhibition, evaluated by the Ang I pressor effect, or bradykinin potentiation was observed during the antihypertensive effect of the pentapeptide. In vitro assays showed no effects of BPP-5a upon argininosuccinate synthetase and B1, B2, AT1, AT2 or Mas receptors. Ex vivo assays showed that BPP-5a induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings of SHRs and WTs. Conclusions: Although the BPP-5a is considered an ACE inhibitor, our results indicate that its antihypertensive effect is exerted via a unique target, a nitric-oxide-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Aronia melanocarpa ElliotReduces the Activity of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme—In VitroandEx VivoStudies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Sikora ◽  
Marlena Broncel ◽  
Elżbieta Mikiciuk-Olasik
Keyword(s):  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Hypotensive Action ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
Positive Correlations

Purpose. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of two-month supplementation with chokeberry preparation on the activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). During thein vitrostage of the study, we determined the concentration of chokeberry extract, which inhibited the activity of ACE by 50% (IC50).Methods. The participants (n=70) were divided into three groups: I—patients with MS who received chokeberry extract supplements, II—healthy controls, and III—patients with MS treated with ACE inhibitors.Results. After one and two months of the experiment, a decrease in ACE activity corresponded to 25% and 30%, respectively. We documented significant positive correlations between the ACE activity and the systolic (r=0.459,P=0.048) and diastolic blood pressure, (r=0.603,P=0.005) and CRP. The IC50of chokeberry extract and captopril amounted to155.4±12.1 μg/mL and0.52±0.18 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusions. Ourin vitrostudy revealed that chokeberry extract is a relatively weak ACE inhibitor. However, the results of clinical observations suggest that the favorable hypotensive action of chokeberry polyphenols may be an outcome of both ACE inhibition and other pleotropic effects, for example, antioxidative effect.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antioxidant, Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Constituents from the Flowers of Cercis glabra ‘Spring-1’

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Penghua Shu ◽  
Yamin Li ◽  
Yuehui Luo ◽  
Shujing Cai ◽  
Yingying Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mushroom Tyrosinase ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

A phytochemical study on the flowers of Cercis glabra ‘Spring-1’ led to the isolation and identification of twelve compounds, including one new compound named as 1-O-α-l-rhamnosyl-(E)-phytol (1) and eleven known compounds. Their structures were elucidated based on physical data analysis, including HR-ESI-MS, NMR, UV, IR, and acid hydrolysis. All compounds were screened for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited obvious DPPH radical scavenging activities. All the isolates were tested for their inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase, and compounds 6, 7, 10 and 11 showed moderate tyrosinase inhibitory activities.

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