scholarly journals Fully Ossified Thyroid Cartilage Found among the Skeletal Remains of A 21-Year-Old Slavic Soldier: Interpretation of a Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Alessia Leggio ◽  
Francesco Introna
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Hormonal Dysfunction ◽  
Ossification Process ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Sixth Decade

The degree of ossification of the thyroid cartilage in anthropological studies is related to other methods of determining the age of a skeleton. The endochondral ossification process begins at the age of approximately 15–20 years and is generally completed in the fifth or sixth decade of life. In the present case, early and complete mineralization of the thyroid cartilage of a skeleton belonging to a 21-year-old young soldier who died in 1946 was observed. Ossified thyroid cartilage at a very young age is rare and may be associated with specific symptoms, such as compression due to trauma, or may also be related to hormonal dysfunction and various diseases that may cause early mineralization. A macroscopic morphological evaluation and radiographic examination of the thyroid cartilage were performed and a decalcification test was applied to a sample taken from the thyroid cartilage to confirm that the structure was indeed mineralized. There is nothing to exclude that this is simply a physiological anatomical variation. Knowledge of this rare anatomical abnormality at a young age would be useful for the diagnosis of various pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Measurement of Length of Styloid Process by Orthopantomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
BR Sharma ◽  
S Singh ◽  
M Timilsina ◽  
P Sharma ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Oral Radiology ◽  
Eagle Syndrome

Background: Styloid process (SP) is an anatomical structure whose elongation is not well understood. Proper clinical and radiological assessment is needed to detect an elongated SP. Anatomical variation is also common. SP is said to be elongated if longer than 30 mm. Orthopantomogram (OPG) is also an imaging modality by which we can view SP. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the SP on OPG and identify eagle syndrome. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on archived OPG radiographs available in the Department of Oral Radiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching hospital and Research Centre. These radiographs were from patients who were subjected to radiographic examination for other dental problems. The length of SP was measured on both sides using the measurement tool bars on the accompanying analysis software. Results: Average length of SP on males was 26.5 mm ±14.4 mm in right and 25.5 mm ±6.19 mm in left; and on females was 23.78 mm ±5.93 mm on right and 24.7 mm ±10.44 mm in left. Elongated SP was more on males compared to females. Elongated styloid process (ESP) was more prevalent in 21 - 30 years of age group, similarly unilateral and bilateral elongation was also predominant on males compared to females. Conclusion: OPG is also useful for detection of an ESP in patients with or without symptoms and helps to avoid misdiagnosis of tonsillar pain or pain of dental, pharyngeal or muscular origin as well as Eagle syndrome (ES).

scholarly journals C-shaped canal configuration in lower molar - Case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Lauren Grandi Dos Santos ◽  
Amanda Nunes Gallas ◽  
Josué Martos ◽  
Luiz Fernando Machado Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Lower Molar

The C-shape configuration in molars it’s an anatomical variation that difficult the diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to report a case of C-shape endodontic configuration in mandibular second molar. The radiographic examination of one patient revealed the extent of caries in the mesial aspect of mandibular second molar, without the presence of periapical lesion and was clinically noted the C-shape configuration of the root canal, extending from the mesiobuccal to the distal canal. Endodontic therapy was performed and after the root canal obturation with gutta-percha cones and endodontic cement the tooth was restored. We conclude that the anatomical condition in C-shape, although it brings many difficulties for the endodontic treatment, does not preclude the tooth rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Microvesicles as Potential Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Giusti ◽  
Sandra D’Ascenzo ◽  
Vincenza Dolo
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Gynecologic Malignancy ◽  
Cancer Markers ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Disease Stages ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Although the incidence of ovarian cancer is low (i.e., less than 5% in European countries), it is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and typically has a poor prognosis. To ensure optimal survival, it is important to diagnose this condition when the pathology is confined to the ovary. However, this is difficult to achieve because the first specific symptoms appear only during advanced disease stages. To date, the biomarker mainly used for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer is CA125; however, this marker has a low sensitivity and specificity and is associated with several other physiological and pathological conditions. No other serum ovarian cancer markers appear to be able to replace or complement CA125, and the current challenge is therefore to identify novel markers for the early diagnosis of this disease. For this purpose, studies have focused on the microvesicles (MVs) released from tumor cells. MVs may represent an ideal biomarker because they can be easily isolated from blood, and they have particular features (mainly regarding microRNA profiles) that strongly correlate with ovarian cancer stage and may be effective for early diagnosis.

scholarly journals Morphological Study of Fossa Ovalis in Formalin-Fixed Human Hearts and Its Clinical Importance

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1254
Author(s):  
Monica Adriana Vaida ◽  
Caius Glad Streian ◽  
Cristina Gug ◽  
Nawwaf Sebastian Damen ◽  
Adelina Maria Jianu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Interatrial Septum ◽  
Incomplete Fusion ◽  
Common Variants ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Septum Primum ◽  
The Right ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Background and Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the gross anatomy aspects of the fossa ovalis (FO) and the presence of some anatomical variation resulting from the incomplete fusion of septum primum and septum secundum, such as an atrial septal pouch (SP) and left atrial septal ridge. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one adult human hearts removed from formalin-fixed specimens were examined to provide information about the morphology of the FO. The organs were free of any gross anatomically visible pathological conditions. Results: The most common variants were the FO located in the inferior part of the interatrial septum (64.51%), circular (61.3%), with a net-like structure (51.62%), prominent limbus (93.55%), and patent foramen ovale (PFO) (25.8%). The right SP was observed in 9.67% of specimens, the left SP was observed in 29.03% of cases, and in 51.61% of cases, a double SP was observed. One sample presented a right SP and a double left SP, and one case showed a triple left SP, which was not reported previously to our knowledge. Conclusions: Knowledge of the interatrial septal anatomy becomes important for interventional cardiologists and should be documented before transeptal puncture.

scholarly journals A Rare Chondrosarcoma of the Larynx Presenting as Difficult Intubation: Report of a Case and Literature Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaydev Sarma ◽  
Srinivas M. Susarla ◽  
William C. Faquin ◽  
Phillip C. Song
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Intubation ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Cricoid Cartilage ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Arytenoid Cartilage ◽  
Common Site ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Sixth Decade

Chondrosarcomas of the larynx are rare tumors, representing less than 0.2% of all head and neck malignancies [1]. In this report, we present an unusual case of an undiagnosed chrondrosarcoma of the larynx presenting as difficult intubation in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. Difficult intubation in an otherwise asymptomatic patient has not been reported as an initial presentation of this tumor. Men are more commonly affected than women (3.6: 1), and the tumors typically present in the fifth or sixth decade of life. Patients may present with dyspnea, dysphagia, hoarseness of the voice, airway obstruction and some may have pain as a result of expansion of this tumor. The tumors almost always arise from hyaline cartilage, with the most common site of involvement the cricoid cartilage (75%), specifically the posterior lamina, with the thyroid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage less frequently involved. Though locally invasive, these tumors are characterized by a low tendency for distant metastasis and the overall prognosis following excision is excellent [2].

scholarly journals A large supernumerary bone at the bregma and metopism co-occurring in the skull of an ancient roman in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1637-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Radovic ◽  
Natasa Miladinovic-Radmilovic
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Metopic Suture

An unusual anatomical variation was observed on a skull excavated at Laniste (Raska district, Serbia), a Roman necropolis dating back to the second half of the 4th century AD. The skull of an adult male showed a remarkably large supernumerary bone at the bregma co-occurring with a continuous persistent metopic suture. Few similar cases have been reported in scientific literature. We describe the case and discuss possible mechanisms and underlying causes, including pathological conditions.

scholarly journals A Rare Cause of Heel Pain: A Calcaneal Spur Fracture

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arican ◽  
Yalcin Turhan ◽  
Zekerya Okan Karaduman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Calcaneal Spur ◽  
English Language Literature ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Language Literature

Heel pain is a complaint frequently encountered in orthopedic clinics that has peculiar symptoms and may have various etiologic causes. Calcaneal spur fracture is an extremely rare cause of heel pain, and only four cases had previously been reported in the English language literature. We present a 45-year-old woman who had heel pain on her right foot after falling from a height onto the heel. Radiographic examination of her right foot showed a fractured calcaneal spur, which was successfully treated with conservative methods. Calcaneal heel pain is a complaint that may be attributable to many different etiologic causes, which often have specific symptoms, and we frequently encounter them in the orthopedic clinic. Calcaneal spur fracture after trauma should be remembered in the differential diagnosis of heel pain as a rare cause. Our case is the fifth reported case in the English language literature of this extremely rare condition.

scholarly journals Superior Thyroid Cornu Anatomical Variation Causing Globus Pharyngeous and Dysphagia

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiannis K. Hajiioannou ◽  
Vasiliki Florou ◽  
Panagiotis Kousoulis
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Globus Sensation

Objective. Rare case presentation of thyroid cartilage variation causing globus sensation and dysphagia.Method. Case report and review of the literature concerning thyroid cartilage variant of clinical significance.Results. Middle-aged male patient presented with globus sensation and painful swallow without previous injury of the larynx. Clinical examination and diagnostic procedures revealed a rare anatomic aberrance of the thyroid cartilage. Surgical treatment was declined by the patient who accepted a yearly followup.Conclusion. Morphometric studies do not report the dislocation of the superior thyroid cornu, and very few cases have been described either of which were attributed to trauma or to unknown cause. The present case is to be added to the very few cases of superior thyroid cornu dislocation of unknown aetiology. Clinicians should be aware of this rare variation using CT neck as the imaging study of choice. Direct endoscopy rules out any synchronous disease or malignancies.

scholarly journals Triticeal cartilage calcification

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Luciana Munhoz ◽  
Camila Lobato da Silva Costa ◽  
Nelson Adami Júnior ◽  
Solange Aparecida Caldeira Monteiro ◽  
Emiko Saito Arita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Lateral Border ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Exact Function ◽  
Calcified Tissue ◽  
Superior Border

The triticeal cartilage (TC) is a tiny oval-shaped cartilage located at the lateral border of the thyrohyoid membrane between the hyoid bone greater horn and the thyroid cartilage superior horn. The exact function o TC is unknown; it has been proposed that TC was the site of the attachment for the triticeoglossus muscle. On panoramic radiographs, calcified TC may be observed in the soft tissues of the pharynx region, positioned inferior to the greater horn of the hyoid bone and adjacent to the superior border of the C4 vertebrae. The major concern of a calcified TC found incidentally in a routine radiographic examination is the differentiation between this alteration and other calcified tissue manifestations that require additional investigations, such as carotid calcified atheroma artery or other neck pathology such as foreign bodies. Thus, this report describes 3 cases in which TC calcifications were incidentally found in panoramic radiographs.

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