scholarly journals Safe and Effective Use of Ozone as Air and Surface Disinfectant in the Conjuncture of Covid-19

Gases ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Elena Grignani ◽  
Antonella Mansi ◽  
Renato Cabella ◽  
Paola Castellano ◽  
Angelo Tirabasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Effective Use

The present paper extrapolates quantitative data for ozone virucidal activity on the basis of the available scientific literature data for a safe and effective use of ozone in the appropriate cases and to explore the safety measures developed under the stimulus of the current emergency situation. Ozone is a powerful oxidant reacting with organic molecules, and therefore has bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal actions. At the same time, it is a toxic substance, having adverse effects on health and safety. Its use is being proposed for the disinfection of workplaces’ and public places’ atmosphere, and for disposable masks and personal protective equipment disinfection for reuse, with particular reference to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Ozone can be generated in situ by means of small, compact ozone generators, using dried ambient air as a precursor. It should be injected into the room that is to be disinfected until the desired ozone concentration is reached; after the time needed for the disinfection, its concentrations must be reduced to the levels required for the workers’ safety. The optimal use of ozone is for air and surface disinfection without human presence, using a concentration that is effective for the destruction of viruses, but not high enough to deteriorate materials.

Emissions from Metallic Powder and High Energy-Based Process – Thermal Spraying, Powder Atomization, and Additive Manufacturing – Knowledge Refresh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Darut ◽  
S. Dieu ◽  
B. Schnuriger ◽  
A. Vignes ◽  
O. Le Bihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Manufacturing Knowledge

Abstract This paper addresses a need for information on nanoparticle emissions and related issues such as worker exposure, filtration efficiency, and dustiness. A survey has been conducted on the working conditions and safety measures used in thermal spray companies and the results compared to scientific literature and previous surveys. Responses to questions on matters of health and safety reveal a lack of information and awareness of the risks posed by the emissions of ultrafine particles generated by thermal spraying processes.

scholarly journals Occupational Health and Safety Measures in German Outpatient Care Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2987
Author(s):  
Mara Shirin Hetzmann ◽  
Natascha Mojtahedzadeh ◽  
Albert Nienhaus ◽  
Volker Harth ◽  
Stefanie Mache
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Work Organisation ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Threats ◽  
Company Doctor

Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, outpatient caregivers are exposed to new serious health threats at work. To protect their health, effective occupational health and safety measures (OHSM) are necessary. Outpatient caregivers (n = 15) participated in semi-structured telephone interviews in May/June 2020 (1) to examine the pandemic-related OHSM that have been implemented in their outpatient care services, as well as (2) to identify their corresponding unmet needs. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed by using qualitative content analysis in accordance with Mayring. Available OHSM in outpatient care services described by outpatient caregivers mainly included personal protective equipment (PPE) and surface disinfection means after an initial shortage in the first peak of the pandemic. Further OHSM implied social distancing, increased hygiene regulations and the provision of pandemic-related information by the employer, as well as the possibility to consult a company doctor. Our study revealed that OHSM were largely adapted to the health threats posed by COVID-19, however an optimum has not yet been achieved. There is still a need for improvement in the qualitative and quantitative supply of PPE, as well as on the organisational level, e.g., with regard to the development of pandemic plans or in work organisation.

scholarly journals The influence of chemical parameters on the in-situ metal carbonyl complex formation studied with the fast on-line reaction apparatus (FORA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Wittwer ◽  
Robert Eichler ◽  
Dominik Herrmann ◽  
Andreas Türler
Keyword(s):  
Metal Carbonyl ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Carbonyl Complex ◽  
Carbonyl Complexes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Carrier Gases ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Atom Chemistry

Abstract A new setup named Fast On-line Reaction Apparatus (FORA) is presented which allows for the efficient investigation and optimization of metal carbonyl complex (MCC) formation reactions under various reaction conditions. The setup contains a 252Cf-source producing short-lived Mo, Tc, Ru and Rh isotopes at a rate of a few atoms per second by its 3% spontaneous fission decay branch. Those atoms are transformed within FORA in-situ into volatile metal carbonyl complexes (MCCs) by using CO-containing carrier gases. Here, the design, operation and performance of FORA is discussed, revealing it as a suitable setup for performing single-atom chemistry studies. The influence of various gas-additives, such as CO2, CH4, H2, Ar, O2, H2O and ambient air, on the formation and transport of MCCs was investigated. O2, H2O and air were found to harm the formation and transport of MCCs in FORA, with H2O being the most severe. An exception is Tc, for which about 130 ppmv of H2O caused an increased production and transport of volatile compounds. The other gas-additives were not influencing the formation and transport efficiency of MCCs. Using an older setup called Miss Piggy based on a similar working principle as FORA, it was additionally investigated if gas-additives are mostly affecting the formation or only the transport stability of MCCs. It was found that mostly formation is impacted, as MCCs appear to be much less sensitive to reacting with gas-additives in comparison to the bare Mo, Tc, Ru and Rh atoms.

In-situ chemical oxidation: peroxide or persulfate coupled with membrane technology for wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huchuan Yan ◽  
Cui Lai ◽  
Dongbo Wang ◽  
Shiyu Liu ◽  
Xiaopei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Refractory Organic Pollutants

Refractory organic pollutants in wastewater have the characteristics of persistence and toxicity, which seriously threaten the health and safety of humans and other organisms. Many researchers have committed to developing...

scholarly journals Air Concentrations of Gaseous Elemental Mercury and Vegetation–Air Fluxes within Saltmarshes of the Tagus Estuary, Portugal

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Rute Cesário ◽  
Nelson J. O’Driscoll ◽  
Sara Justino ◽  
Claire E. Wilson ◽  
Carlos E. Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Gaseous Elemental Mercury ◽  
Mercury Flux ◽  
Sarcocornia Fruticosa ◽  
Air Concentrations

In situ air concentrations of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)) and vegetation–atmosphere fluxes were quantified in both high (Cala Norte, CN) and low-to-moderate (Alcochete, ALC) Hg-contaminated saltmarsh areas of the Tagus estuary colonized by plant species Halimione portulacoides (Hp) and Sarcocornia fruticosa (Sf). Atmospheric Hg(0) ranged between 1.08–18.15 ng m−3 in CN and 1.18–3.53 ng m−3 in ALC. In CN, most of the high Hg(0) levels occurred during nighttime, while the opposite was observed at ALC, suggesting that photoreduction was not driving the air Hg(0) concentrations at the contaminated site. Vegetation–air Hg(0) fluxes were low in ALC and ranged from −0.76 to 1.52 ng m−2 (leaf area) h−1 for Hp and from −0.40 to 1.28 ng m−2 (leaf area) h−1 for Sf. In CN, higher Hg fluxes were observed for both plants, ranging from −9.90 to 15.45 ng m−2 (leaf area) h−1 for Hp and from −8.93 to 12.58 ng m−2 (leaf area) h−1 for Sf. Mercury flux results at CN were considered less reliable due to large and fast variations in the ambient air concentrations of Hg(0), which may have been influenced by emissions from the nearby chlor-alkali plant, or historical contamination. Improved experimental setup, the influence of high local Hg concentrations and the seasonal activity of the plants must be considered when assessing vegetation–air Hg(0) fluxes in Hg-contaminated areas.

Boreas: A Sample Preparation-Coupled Laser Spectrometer System for Simultaneous High-Precision In Situ Analysis of δ13C and δ2H from Ambient Air Methane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Rennick ◽  
Tim Arnold ◽  
Emmal Safi ◽  
Alice Drinkwater ◽  
Caroline Dylag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Laser Spectrometer ◽  
Spectrometer System

ChemInform Abstract: EXAFS Investigations of Metal Organic Molecules - Structure Determination and in situ Observation of Chemical Reactions

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (38) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
T. S. ERTEL ◽  
W. HOERNER ◽  
U. KOLB ◽  
H. BERTAGNOLLI
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Metal Organic

Passivation of Si surfaces by hydrogen and organic molecules investigated by in-situ photoluminescence techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg Rappich ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Sébastien Chapel ◽  
Guoguang Sun ◽  
Karsten Hinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules

In situ monitoring of the ambient air around the chloroprene rubber industrial plant using the Tradescantia–stamen–hair mutation assay

1999 ◽  
Vol 426 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouben M Arutyunyan ◽  
Violetta S Pogosyan ◽  
Elena H Simonyan ◽  
Anahit L Atoyants ◽  
Emma M Djigardjian
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Air ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber ◽  
Mutation Assay
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