Preparation and Evaluation of Polymer-Based Ultrasound Gel and Its Application in Ultrasonography

Ultrasound imaging is a widely used technique in every health care center and hospital. Ultrasound gel is used as a coupling medium in all ultrasound procedures to replace air between the transducer and the patient’s skin, as ultrasound waves have trouble in traveling through air. This research was performed to formulate an inexpensive alternative to commercially available ultrasound gel as it is expensive and imported from other countries. Different formulations with different concentrations of carbopol 980 (CAR 980) and methylparaben were prepared with natural ingredients such as aloe vera gel and certain available chemicals that have no harmful effects on the skin. To justify the efficiency of the formulations; necessary physicochemical characteristics such as visual clarity, homogeneity, transparency, skin irritation, antibacterial activity, pH, stability, spreadability, conductivity, acoustic impedance, viscosity, and cost were evaluated. Moreover, a comparison study was also conducted with commercially available ultrasound gel that was utilized as a control. All samples showed excellent transparency and no microbial growth. S1 was the only formulation that met all of the requirements for commercial ultrasound gel and produced images that were similar to those produced by commercial ultrasound gel. So, this formulation could be used as an alternative to expensive commercial ultrasound gel for taking images in hospitals and medical centers.

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Factors affecting the location of medical complexes relative to the network of passages and model presentation

The Journal of Tolooebehdasht ◽

10.18502/tbj.v19i2.3395 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Farzin Faezi ◽

Nezal Murteza

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Communication Network ◽

Care Center ◽

Therapeutic Use ◽

Location Model ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Health Care Center ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Yazd City ◽

Suitable Location

Introduction: choosing the right place to set up a health care center, including important decisions that can have significant impacts on the functioning of the health care center, adjacent uses, and the pedestrian network around. To have it in the long run. The purpose of this study is to prioritize the factors affecting the location of medical complexes over urban pedestrian networks and present a location model. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical research. The required information has been used from the master plan reports, the detailed plan, the Yazd city transportation plan, the field observation and the survey. In addition, two types of questionnaires were designed. The first questionnaire was designed to identify the problems of the location of existing medical centers and the second questionnaire was designed to prioritize the effective factors in locating the medical centers. The results were analyzed by SPSS-22 ,AHP Expert Choice، ArcGIS Results: The results showed that seven main criteria are effective in locating health care centers, including: 1-therapeutic use with first-class communication network, 2-distance from Mosiley, 3-distance from industrial workshops, 4-distance. 5- Distance from major business centers, 6-distance from bus terminals and railway station and 7-intersection to health center. Also, according to the obtained criteria and the proposed method, suitable location for construction of new medical clinics and complexes in Yazd city was identified as a case study. Finally, a suitable location model for medical complexes was presented. Conclusion: therapeutic use with first-class communication network in order to provide fast and desirable access to clients, is a priority for the selection agents of the location of medical complexes.

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Non-Fatal Deliberate Self-Harm in Three Remote Indigenous Communities in Far North Queensland, Australia

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000589 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 422-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chris Rouen ◽

Alan R. Clough ◽

Caryn West

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Care Center ◽

Indigenous Communities ◽

Indigenous Australians ◽

Deliberate Self Harm ◽

Health Care Center ◽

Far North ◽

Primary Health ◽

Self Harm

Abstract. Background: Indigenous Australians experience a suicide rate over twice that of the general population. With nonfatal deliberate self-harm (DSH) being the single most important risk factor for suicide, characterizing the incidence and repetition of DSH in this population is essential. Aims: To investigate the incidence and repetition of DSH in three remote Indigenous communities in Far North Queensland, Australia. Method: DSH presentation data at a primary health-care center in each community were analyzed over a 6-year period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2011. Results: A DSH presentation rate of 1,638 per 100,000 population was found within the communities. Rates were higher in age groups 15–24 and 25–34, varied between communities, and were not significantly different between genders; 60% of DSH repetitions occurred within 6 months of an earlier episode. Of the 227 DSH presentations, 32% involved hanging. Limitations: This study was based on a subset of a larger dataset not specifically designed for DSH data collection and assesses the subset of the communities that presented to the primary health-care centers. Conclusion: A dedicated DSH monitoring study is required to provide a better understanding of DSH in these communities and to inform early intervention strategies.

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