scholarly journals Tsunamis in the Greek Region: An Overview of Geological and Geomorphological Evidence

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Anna Karkani ◽  
Niki Evelpidou ◽  
Maria Tzouxanioti ◽  
Alexandros Petropoulos ◽  
Marilia Gogou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Greek Region ◽  
Made In

The Greek region is known as one of the most seismically and tectonically active areas and it has been struck by some devastating tsunamis, with the most prominent one being the 365 AD event. During the past decade significant research efforts have been made in search of geological and geomorphological evidence of palaeotsunamis along the Greek coasts, primarily through the examination of sediment corings (72% of studies) and secondarily through boulders (i.e., 18%). The published data show that some deposits have been correlated with well-known events such as 365 AD, 1303 AD, the Minoan Santorini Eruption and the 1956 Amorgos earthquake and tsunami, while coastal studies from western Greece have also reported up to five tsunami events, dating as far back as the 6th millennium BC. Although the Ionian Islands, Peloponnese and Crete has been significantly studied, in the Aegean region research efforts are still scarce. Recent events such as the 1956 earthquake and tsunami and the 2020 Samos earthquake and tsunami highlight the need for further studies in this region, to better assess the impact of past events and for improving our knowledge of tsunami history. As Greece is amongst the most seismically active regions globally and has suffered from devastating tsunamis in the past, the identification of tsunami prone areas is essential not only for the scientific community but also for public authorities to design appropriate mitigation measures and prevent tsunami losses in the future.

The Organic carbon content of gravel bed herring spawning grounds and the impact of herring spawn deposition

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Napier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
The Impact

The dry weight and organic carbon content of eggs and components of Clyde spring herring eggs were measured at intervals during their development. Comparison with previously published data suggests that an increase has occurred in the weight of these eggs over the past thirty years. It is clear that only a small proportion of the material deposited in the form of herring spawn actually remains attached to the substratum when the larvae hatch and so is available for potential integration into the benthic food web. This was confirmed by the determination at intervals over two years of the organic carbon content of the gravel sediments on spawning grounds of the Clyde spring herring. Although the deposition of herring spawn resulted in an immediate marked increase in the carbon content of the spawning ground sediments, carbon levels quickly returned to pre-spawning levels and there was no evidence of any permanent or long lasting increase. This held true when the spawn died and decayed in situ and even when it was mixed into the sediment by wave action. The rapid decrease in carbon levels is attributed to the strong water movements which frequently occur over the spawning grounds.

glass, Roman

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E.M. Cool
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Window Glass ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Roman Glass ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Glass came of age during the Roman period. Within the ancient world it had been used from the mid-second millennium bce onwards, but only for jewellery and luxury items like small perfume bottles. This started to change in the late 2nd century bce, when the Hellenistic industries started to produce simple glass drinking vessels. In the early Imperial period there was an explosion in the vessel forms available, in part made possible by the discovery of how to blow glass. The new types included both the luxurious, such as exquisite cameo vessels, and the utilitarian, such as disposable packaging for cosmetics. A similar expansion was seen in its role in buildings, where glass went from luxurious interior decoration to structurally important window glass. References in literary works and depictions in wall paintings at the time attest to the considerable attention this new phenomenon attracted in the early to mid-1st century ce. Vessels, windows and other items spread widely throughout the empire and beyond, and to all levels of society. Over the next 400 years, how the material was used changed with time and place as the various regional industries responded to the needs and preferences of their communities. This was a major high-temperature industry which would have made considerable demands on resources such as fuel, but there are still many things that are unknown about it. Where, for example, was the glass itself made? Waste from secondary workshops producing vessels is regularly encountered, but evidence for the primary production is extremely rare. This has led to considerable debate, with competing models being proposed. Glass is not a material where scientific techniques such as those used to provenance pottery have proved very helpful. The composition of Roman glass is extremely uniform throughout the empire, and again there has been much debate about why this might be. Of late, some useful advances have started to be made in approaching these questions, and this may eventually disentangle what was going on. The study of Roman glass provides a unique window into the past. Through it the impact of new technologies and materials can be seen, as well as the choices people made about what was useful in their lives—all against the background of some of the most beautiful and skilful vessels ever made.

scholarly journals Sciences and audiences along the last century: the impact of Astronomy Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 474-478
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Ros ◽  
Beatriz Garca
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Teachers ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In ◽  
Science Activities

AbstractJust as in the past, the development of the natural sciences and in particular of astronomy has changed the history of humanity. If we think about the role of our discipline into the future, it shows its enormous power in the field of education, owing to the possibility of awakening interest in science in very varied audiences. Within the framework of the enormous progress made in the technologies related to astronomy, many of them of daily use, the role of the astronomer in the era of Communications acquires fundamental importance.In this presentation, we will try to make a journey through the different ways of presenting astronomical topics for different audiences over the last 100 years. In turn, we will show some specific achievements, associated with education programmes of the discipline. We discuss the impact produced by proposals that are both rigorous in terms of content, and also appeal to the development of the human being in an integral manner, within the framework of citizen science activities.For this research, we have taken into account the uninterrupted development of the NASE programme, which has performed 112 courses in 24 countries throughout the world and in different languages. NASE has involved 4966 secondary teachers in the last eight years.

scholarly journals Lattice QCD input for nuclear structure and reactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Davoudi
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chromodynamics ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lattice Quantum ◽  
Nuclear Systems ◽  
Community Effort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Explorations of the properties of light nuclear systems beyond their lowestlying spectra have begun with Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics. While progress has been made in the past year in pursuing calculations with physical quark masses, studies of the simplest nuclear matrix elements and nuclear reactions at heavier quark masses have been conducted, and several interesting results have been obtained. A community effort has been devoted to investigate the impact of such Quantum Chromodynamics input on the nuclear many-body calculations. Systems involving hyperons and their interactions have been the focus of intense investigations in the field, with new results and deeper insights emerging. While the validity of some of the previous multi-nucleon studies has been questioned during the past year, controversy remains as whether such concerns are relevant to a given result. In an effort to summarize the newest developments in the field, this talk will touch on most of these topics.

The Potential for Immersive Technology combined with Online Dating

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
David Evans Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Online Dating ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Immersive Technology ◽  
Made In ◽  
Immersive Technologies ◽  
The Way

Whilst online dating has been around for several years; immersive technologies are relatively new to this type of interaction. The first forays into immersive VR online dating have only just being made in the past year. To what degree this type of technology will change the way that we date is potentially quite different from the current way that online dates are conducted. The way the technology works could make virtual dates seem as real as a physical date. Understanding how immersive technology functions gives some insights into the future of online dating and also the impact on the digital economy.

Towards a better understanding of past fertility regimes: the ideas and practice of controlling family size in Chinese history

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHONGWEI ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Population History ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Demand For Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Thanks to the progress that has been made in the study of population history, it has been gradually accepted that fertility in historical China was only moderate in comparison with the recorded high fertility. However, scholars still disagree on whether the Chinese could have intentionally controlled their family size. This article first summarizes recent findings about fertility patterns in historical China. Then the author provides further evidence of people limiting their family size in the past, before discussing the impact of traditional beliefs on people's fertility behaviour and summarizing the antinatalist ideas and suggestions put forwarded by Chinese officials and intellectuals over China's long history. This evidence is then used to comment on a number of suggestions that have been made about China's traditional reproductive behaviour and culture. The article challenges the views that people's reproductive strategies aimed in the past to maximize the number of surviving offspring and that the demand for children (or sons) was always high in historical China.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of Osteosarcoma Outcomes in the Modern Medical Era

Sarcoma ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Allison ◽  
Scott C. Carney ◽  
Elke R. Ahlmann ◽  
Andrew Hendifar ◽  
Sant Chawla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Treatment Progress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Survival ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Made In

Four decades ago, specialized chemotherapy regimens turned osteosarcoma, once considered a uniformly fatal disease, into a disease in which a majority of patients survive. Though significant survival gains were made from the 1960s to the 1980s, further outcome improvements appear to have plateaued. This study aims to comprehensively review all significant, published data regarding osteosarcoma and outcome in the modern medical era in order to gauge treatment progress. Our results indicate that published survival improved dramatically from 1960s to 1980s and then leveled, or in some measures decreased. Recurrence rates decreased in the 1970s and then leveled. In contrast, published limb salvage rates have increased significantly every recent decade until the present. Though significant gains have been made in the past, no improvement in published osteosarcoma survival has been seen since 1980, highlighting the importance of a new strategy in the systemic management of this still very lethal condition.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT TOWARDS HOUSEHOLD POVERTY REDUCTION: EVIDENCE FROM PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-397
Author(s):  
Ambreen Sarwar ◽  
Mumtaz Anwar Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Household Poverty ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of the study: This study intends to examine the impact of various dimensions of women empowerment on multiple constituents of household poverty in the three cities (Lahore, Multan and, Rawalpindi) of province Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: The primary data was gathered from a sample of 2400 married and employed females belonging to the three cities of Punjab, Pakistan. For analysis, the study develops its own all-embracing Women Empowerment and Household Poverty variables using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examines the relationship between the empowerment of women and household poverty using structural equation modeling (SEM). Main Findings: The results show that women empowerment positively and significantly contributes towards household poverty reduction. Applications of this study: Since poverty is one of the greatest challenges that Pakistan is facing today, the need to change poor standards of living and inspiring women to contribute effectively to society through their active participation in the development process is the dire need of time. The results of the study suggest that in addition to targeting poverty directly, policies should be devised that eradicate poverty through the empowerment of women. Novelty/Originality of this study: The majority of the past studies have limited generalizability because they use already available surveys/published data, having limited dimensions/indicators of women empowerment and household poverty. Moreover, the past studies that have examined the phenomenon of women empowerment ignore its psychological dimensions. Therefore, because of minimal comprehensive investigation, the examination of the effect of the empowerment of women on household poverty remains a topic of interest for the researchers.

scholarly journals Study of the Irradiation Damage in Simple Crystals by Channeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
M. Kokkoris ◽  
H. Huber ◽  
S. Kossionides ◽  
T. Paradellis ◽  
Ch. Zarkadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Irradiation Damage ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Random Direction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Several experiments have been carried out in the past in order to examine the impact of medium and heavy ions in crystals in the MeV range, which is of particular interest in high energy implantations. In the present work, the gradual amorphisation of simple crystals such as Si (100), Ge (100) and W (100) when irradiated with 18 MeV 1 6 0 in a random direction is being studied using the progressive change of channeling parameters, up to a maximum dose of approximately 1Ί01 6 par tides/en*2. The results are compared to the ones present in literature and an attempt is made in order to explain the peculiarities of the experimental spectra.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Influence of In Situ Stress on the Stability of Mine Pit Walls: A Case Study of Songwe Mine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Dyson Moses ◽  
Hideki Shimada ◽  
Takashi Sasaoka ◽  
Akihiro Hamanaka ◽  
Tumelo K. M Dintwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Horizontal Stress ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

The investigation of the influence of in situ stress in Open Pit Mine (OPM) projects has not been accorded a deserved attention despite being a fundamental concern in the design of underground excavations. Hence, its long-term potential adverse impacts on pit slope performance are overly undermined. Nevertheless, in mines located in tectonically active settings with a potential high horizontal stress regime like the Songwe mine, the impact could be considerable. Thus, Using FLAC3D 5.0 software, based on Finite Difference Method (FDM) code, we assessed the role of stress regimes as a potential triggering factor for slope instability in Songwe mine. The results of the evaluated shearing contours and quantified strain rate and displacement values reveal that high horizontal stress can reduce the stability performance of the pit-wall in spite of the minimal change in Factor of Safety (FoS). Since mining projects have a long life span, it would be recommendable to consider “in situ stress-stability analyses” for OPM operations that would be planned to extend to greater depths and those located in tectonically active regions.

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