scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Impact of Universal Two-Child Policy on Maternity Insurance Fund in Jiangsu Province and Guangxi Zhuang AR

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
Henry Asante Antwi ◽  
Lulin Zhou ◽  
Xinglong Xu ◽  
Tehzeeb Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
The Impact

The maternity insurance fund in some provinces in China has accumulated unprecedented deficit levels. This imminent depletion can cause a catastrophic health crisis for maternal health. This study analyzed the post-policy impact of key factors on maternity insurance income inflow and outflow in Jiangsu Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (AR). We applied Pasera’s ARLD model and VECM Granger Causality Test to establish long- and short-term impact of selected factors that determines the income and expenditure of the maternity insurance fund in the two regions based on data from 2011 to 2019. Our results show that the addition of new births due to the universal two-child policy has increased the per capita utilization of the maternity insurance fund in both areas. We further observed that the impact of the maternity insurance contribution rate to the maternity insurance fund decays with time giving a long-run limited impact in both provinces. Thus the positive impact is stronger in the short term, but in the long term, its influence or contribution to stability of the funds reduces. The positive impact of interest from investment in the maternity insurance fund is however insignificant in both provinces, giving a major cause for concern on its role in maternity insurance fund income generation. In the short term, the contribution rate of the maternity insurance fund must be adjusted upward or the payment base expanded to receive additional contribution from all employees to avoid complete depletion of the fund. In the long term, we recommend the need to replenish the maternity insurance funds through proper investment options for the funds. We further recommend the need to look for other sources of funding social interventions based on existing practices in other countries.

scholarly journals Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Barbara Frączek ◽  
Aleksandra Pięta ◽  
Adrian Burda ◽  
Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽  
Florentyna Tyrała
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

scholarly journals Economic Increase and Concentration of Economics Activities in Secondary Markets in Cotonou: From 2013 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. p172
Author(s):  
Hortensia Vicentia ACACHA-ACAKPO
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Secondary Markets ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

Accelerating municipal revenues is very important for good decentralization. In Benin, despite the difficulties, the municipality of Cotonou is trying to put in place mechanisms to significantly improve its income. Thus, this research aims to analyze the impact of the concentration of economic activities on the increase in non-revenue taxation in the city of Cotonou specifically on secondary markets from 2013 to 2016. Results from an estimate of an ARDL model show that, in the short term, market rights and revenues from public latrines have a positive impact on non-tax revenues. The effect of place rights on the market is not significant, while revenues from the operation of public latrines have a significant impact on non-tax revenues. In the long term, the study reveals that marketing rights have a positive effect on non-tax revenues, but not in a very significant way. Revenues from the operation of public latrines, on the other hand, still have a positive impact on non-tax revenues. It is therefore urgent to find adequate answers since marketing rights and public infrastructure revenues must be the driving force behind the growth of non-tax revenues and, in turn, total revenues.

scholarly journals Maternity Insurance Fund Depletion and Universal Two-Child Policy in Qinghai Province in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 465-478
Author(s):  
Henry Asante Antwi ◽  
Tamires Lizandra Andrade Paixao ◽  
Maxwell Opuni Antwi
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Western China ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Health Initiatives

Since the dawn of humanity, women have acquitted themselves creditably with this responsibility of childbirth even at the peril of their lives. Overtime, the politics, process and social mores that surround pregnancy and birth have evolved along with the growth and maturity of the medical profession, and the art and craft of motherhood. However, the introduction of the universal two-child policy in China without corresponding change in the income and expenditure mix of the maternity insurance schemes in Qinghai province threatens the sustainability of maternal health initiatives for minority ethnic groups in Western China. The analytical model used in this study hybridizes a system dynamics and actuarial model to express the maternity insurance expenditure and income function. The study noted that at the current contribution rate of 0.5%, the maternity insurance fund in Qinghai province will be depleted by the end of 2020 and this can influence catastrophic maternal health crisis in the poorer region. The analysis also shows that if the contribution rate can be raised to 0.75%, the depletion rate of the maternity insurance can be prolonged. We proposed an increase in the current rate of contribution of the maternity insurance fund in Qinghai province; improve investment income for the maternity insurance fund and other reliable sources of sustainable funding.

scholarly journals The Impact of FDI on the Economic Growth of the Yangtze River Economic Belt: An Empirical Study Based on VAR Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01076
Author(s):  
Zhuhui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Var Model ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
The Impact

FDI is very important to the economic development of a region. The Yangtze River economic belt is one of the important economic core regions in China. In order to study the impact of global foreign direct investment on the economic growth of the Yangtze River economic belt, this paper uses VAR model to analyze the dynamic relationship between FDI and GDP in the Yangtze River economic belt. The results show that FDI has a positive impact on the growth of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the short term, but not in the long term. At the same time, the economic development of the Yangtze River economic belt has a positive impact on FDI.

scholarly journals The Impact of Big Data Processing Framework for Artificial Intelligence within Corporate Marketing Communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.34) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fazil Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Processing Framework

This research examines what impact the Big Data Processing Framework (BDPF) has on Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications within Corporate Marketing Communication (CMC), and thereby the research question stated is: What is the potential impact of the BDPF on AI applications within the CMC tactical and managerial functions? To fulfill the purpose of this research, a qualitative research strategy was applied, including semi-structured interviews with experts within the different fields of examination: management, AI technology and CMC. The findings were analyzed through performing a thematic analysis, where coding was conducted in two steps. AI has many useful applications within CMC, which currently mainly are of the basic form of AI, so-called rule-based systems. However, the more complicated communication systems are used in some areas. Based on these findings, the impact of the BDPF on AI applications is assessed by examining different characteristics of the processing frameworks. The BDPF initially imposes both an administrative and compliance burden on organizations within this industry, and is particularly severe when machine learning is used. These burdens foremost stem from the general restriction of processing personal data and the data erasure requirement. However, in the long term, these burdens instead contribute to a positive impact on machine learning. The timeframe until enforcement contributes to a somewhat negative impact in the short term, which is also true for the uncertainty around interpretations of the BDPF requirements. Yet, the BDPF provides flexibility in how to become compliant, which is favorable for AI applications. Finally, BDPF compliance can increase company value, and thereby incentivize investments into AI models of higher transparency. The impact of the BDPF is quite insignificant for the basic forms of AI applications, which are currently most common within CMC. However, for the more complicated applications that are used, the BDPF is found to have a more severe negative impact in the short term, while it instead has a positive impact in the long term.   

scholarly journals Effect of Public Investment on Private Investment and Economic Growth: Evidence From Vietnam by Economic Industries

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Canh ◽  
Nguyen Anh Phong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Stock ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Short Term ◽  
State Sector ◽  
The Impact

This study is to assess the impact of public investment on private investment and economic growth in Vietnam based on data from 22 economic industries over a 27-year period (1990-2016) by applying PVAR model combined with GMM. The results show that public investment and state sector investment (including public investment and state-owned enterprise investment for production and business activities) has the same positive impact economic growth in most economic industries in the long term, but state sector investment also creates more growth effects in the short term. Public investment has a cyclical impact on private capital stock (domestic private + FDI capital stock) and FDI investment; it has the effect of boosting domestic private investment, FDI investment in the short and long term. Meanwhile, state-sector investment has decreased the private capital stock in the short term, crowds out domestic private and FDI investments in the short term, and in the long term. Both public investment and state sector investment has the effect of increasing public debt in the long term. Based on these results we have some policy recommendations to increase efficiency of public investment and state sector investment.

An Empirical Study on Capital Structure and Corporate Performance of Chinese Listed Companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahd Al-Duais
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chinese Listed Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between level of debt and the companys performance remains an important unsolved issue in the field of financing. It is very important to know how Chinas listed companies manage their capital towards business growth. This paper investigates the impact of the capital structure on corporate performance of a sample of 711 listed companies on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in China in 2014. The results indicates that there is a positive relation between financial leverage and corporate performance as well as there is a positive impact that the mixture of long-term debt and short-term debt (using total debt). This would help decision maker in the companies to finance firms operation in the both periods. On the other hand, the short term debt has a negative relation and impact on corporate performance compared to the changing in firm size which cannot change in the profitability of firms.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Human Capital on Labour Productivity in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tan Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact

Vietnam is a country which has an attractive level of attracting foreign direct investment (Hereafter FDI) in the region with many preferential policies for investors. FDI attraction aims to help economic growth as well as increase the country's labour productivity. Therefore, the author conducted research to the impact of FDI and human capital on labor productivity of Vietnam. With data analysis techniques using ARDL model with data collected from 1990 to 2017, research result shows that FDI has a positive impact on labor productivity in short term and long term. The factor of university qualification (human capital) only has a positive impact on labor productivity in the long term.

scholarly journals Economic Increase and Concentration of Economics Activities in Secondary Markets in Cotonou: From 2013 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. p50
Author(s):  
Hortensia Vicentia ACACHA-ACAKPO
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Secondary Markets ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

Accelerating municipal revenues is very important for good decentralization. In Benin, despite the difficulties, the municipality of Cotonou is trying to put in place mechanisms to significantly improve its income. Thus, this research aims to analyze the impact of the concentration of economic activities on the increase in non-revenue taxation in the city of Cotonou specifically on secondary markets from 2013 to 2016. Results from an estimate of an ARDL model show that, in the short term, market rights and revenues from public latrines have a positive impact on non-tax revenues. The effect of place rights on the market is not significant, while revenues from the operation of public latrines have a significant impact on non-tax revenues. In the long term, the study reveals that marketing rights have a positive effect on non-tax revenues, but not in a very significant way. Revenues from the operation of public latrines, on the other hand, still have a positive impact on non-tax revenues. It is therefore urgent to find adequate answers since marketing rights and public infrastructure revenues must be the driving force behind the growth of non-tax revenues and, in turn, total revenues.

scholarly journals How Glaciers Function and How They Create Landforms: Testing the Effectiveness of Fieldwork on Students’ Mental Models—A Case Study from the Sanabria Lake (NW Spain)

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Corrochano ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Model Categories ◽  
Instruction Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of fieldwork on the development of students’ mental models concerning glaciers and their effects on the landscape. Data were collected by means of an open-ended questionnaire that was administered to 279 pre-service teachers before and after an educational field trip, which analyzed its impact on short-term and long-term outcomes. In general, students’ mental models about how glaciers function and how they create landforms are relatively simplistic and incomplete. Students are unaware of the major erosional properties associated with glaciers and many of them do not specify that glaciers are bodies of ice that have a tendency to move down slope. The analysis of the data yielded four mental model categories. Fieldwork influenced the short-term effects on mental model development even though its positive impact decreases over time. Mental models including scientific views were only found in the post-instruction group. On the other hand, the pre-instruction group was strongly influenced by a catastrophic event that occurred in the region in 1959 (the Ribadelago flooding), which interferes with students’ mental reasoning on the formation of landscape features. This way of thinking is reinforced and/or mixed with a religious myth (Villaverde de Lucerna legend), which also invokes a catastrophic origin of the lake. In this case, this includes mystic flooding.

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