scholarly journals Readability Assessment of HPV Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Information: A Systematic Scoping Review

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1246
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Okuhara ◽  
Hiroko Okada ◽  
Eiko Goto ◽  
Takahiro Kiuchi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Grade Reading Level ◽  
Readability Assessment ◽  
Readability Level

It is important to provide information on HPV vaccination and on early detection and early treatment for cervical cancer. Readability is a key aspect in the success of cancer communication using written health information. We reviewed studies assessing the readability of information on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer. We conducted a systematic literature search in June 2021 using four online databases (Medline, CINAHL, PsycArticles, and PsycINFO). Studies that assessed the readability level of online and offline information regarding HPV vaccination and cervical cancer were included in the review. Twelve articles were deemed fit for study inclusion. Our results showed that most of the materials assessed were difficult to read and higher than eighth-grade reading level. Few of the materials assessed were at the recommended grade 5–6 level or below. Readability assessments of HPV vaccination and cervical cancer information are scarce. Additional studies on the readability of information regarding HPV vaccination and cervical cancer are recommended. Health professionals should develop health information on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer that is easy to read.

scholarly journals Readability Level of Spanish-Language Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Audiology and Otolaryngology

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Coco ◽  
Sonia Colina ◽  
Samuel R. Atcherson ◽  
Nicole Marrone
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Grade Reading Level ◽  
Readability Level

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the readability level of the Spanish versions of several audiology- and otolaryngology-related patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and include a readability analysis of 2 translation approaches when available—the published version and a “functionalist” version—using a team-based collaborative approach including community members. Method Readability levels were calculated using the Fry Graph adapted for Spanish, as well as the Fernandez-Huerta and the Spaulding formulae for several commonly used audiology- and otolaryngology-related PROMs. Results Readability calculations agreed with previous studies analyzing audiology-related PROMs in English and demonstrated many Spanish-language PROMs were beyond the 5th grade reading level suggested for health-related materials written for the average population. In addition, the functionalist versions of the PROMs yielded lower grade-level (improved) readability levels than the published versions. Conclusion Our results suggest many of the Spanish-language PROMs evaluated here are beyond the recommended readability levels and may be influenced by the approach to translation. Moreover, improved readability may be possible using a functionalist approach to translation. Future analysis of the suitability of outcome measures and the quality of their translations should move beyond readability and include an evaluation of the individual's comprehension of the written text.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Readability of Veterinary Client Handouts from Vetlexicon, Veterinary Partner, and ClientEd

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Baxter ◽  
Ann Viera
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Client Relationships ◽  
Grade Reading Level ◽  
11Th Grade ◽  
Valuable Service

Ready-to-use animal health information handouts are a valuable service that have the potential to enhance veterinarian-client relationships and animal healthcare. Evaluating the readability of handouts is integral to ensure the information needs of veterinary clients are met. In this study, we describe the significance of client handout readability and review readability studies in veterinary medicine. We then present our analysis of the readability of 150 client handouts from three services: Vetlexicon from Vetstream, Veterinary Partner from VIN, and ClientEd from Lifelearn. With a few exceptions, the handouts scored were found to be written at a 9th through 11th grade reading level, above the recommended 6th grade reading level for human medical handouts, limiting the value and potential for enhancing communication about pet health and supporting the veterinarian-client bond.

scholarly journals Readability of selected governmental and popular health organization websites on Covid-19 public health information: A descriptive analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Moyinoluwa Ojo ◽  
Tolulope Omowonuola Okeowo ◽  
Ann Mary Thampy ◽  
Zubair Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
International Health ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Reading Levels ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Grade Reading Level

AbstractBackgroundThe U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (USDHHS) recommends that health material be written at or below a sixth-grade reading level to ensure readability. The aim of this study was to examine the readability of international and national health organizations on Covid-19 information in their websites employing a previously validated tool.MethodsA purposive sample of publicly accessible governmental and popular international health organization websites was selected. The readability of the websites’ Covid-19 public health information was estimated using the previously validated SMOG readability formula, which determined reading level by correlating the number of polysyllabic words.ResultsOf the 10 websites included in the analysis, none had Covid-19 public health information at the USDHHS’s recommended reading level. The material ranged in reading level at undergraduate level or above.DiscussionThe findings indicate that the online Covid-19 materials need to be modified in order to reach recommended reading levels. This study can be of practical use to policy makers and public health government officials when designing, modifying, and evaluating Covid-19 materials. We recommend using simple, non-polysyllable words to ensure that Covid-19 public health information materials are written at the recommended reading levels.

Readability and Understandability Analysis of Online Materials Related to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Scott ◽  
Anna Rose Johnson ◽  
Andres F. Doval ◽  
Bao N. Tran ◽  
Bernard T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Reading Grade Level ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Grade Reading Level

Background: Patients commonly use online materials as a source of health information. Since poor health literacy has been shown to correlate with negative outcomes, it is recommended that patient-directed materials be written at a sixth-grade reading level. This study evaluates the readability and understandability of commonly accessed online materials pertaining to both endovascular and open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods: Searches for “endovascular repair abdominal aortic aneurysm” and “open repair abdominal aortic aneurysm” were performed on both Google and Bing, and the top 10 websites from each search engine were identified. Relevant websites (total N = 28, endovascular n = 15, open n = 15, and 2 redundant sites) with patient-directed content were analyzed. Readability was assessed using 9 established methods, and understandability was assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool scoring system. Results: The average reading grade level for all sites was 12.8. Endovascular sites averaged a reading grade level of 13.6 with a range from 11.5 to 15.6. Open-repair websites had a grade-level average of 12.1 with a range from 9.9 to 14.1. Readability was found to be inversely related to understandability, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of −0.551 ( P = .003). No website was written at or below the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Conclusions: Patient-directed online health information pertaining to open and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm exceeds the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Increasing complexity of health literature correlates with poor understandability. Modifications such as shorter sentences, fewer words with more than 6 letters, and increasing usage of clear visual aids can increase readability and understandability.

scholarly journals Readability levels and thematic content analysis of online and printed lead poisoning informational materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Okatch ◽  
Ebony Pitts ◽  
Emily Ritchey ◽  
Kylie Givler ◽  
Madeline Kuon
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Reading Levels ◽  
Thematic Content ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Grade Reading Level ◽  
Lead Poisoning Prevention ◽  
Readability Level ◽  
Poisoning Prevention

Abstract Background Lead poisoning prevention efforts include preparing and disseminating informational materials such as brochures and pamphlets to increase awareness of lead poisoning, lead exposures and lead poisoning prevention. However, studies have demonstrated that patient education materials for diseases and health conditions are prepared at a reading level that is higher than the recommended 7th–8th grade reading level. This study, therefore, aims to assess the reading levels of lead poisoning informational materials. Methods Lead poisoning materials (N = 31) were accessed from three states; Michigan, New York and Pennsylvania. The readability levels of the materials were assessed using the Flesh Kincaid Grade Level readability test. The Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to determine if the readability levels differed between the materials obtained from the different states. Thematic content analyses were carried out to assess the inclusion of four themes; definition of lead poisoning, risk factors and exposures, testing and referral and prevention covering 12 subtopics. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to examine if there was a difference in the number of subtopics by readability level (dichotomized to >8th grade and < 8th grade). Results The median readability level of the informational materials was 6.7 (IQR: 5.1–8.1). However, there was variability in the readability levels of the materials (range 3.5 to 10.6); materials obtained from Michigan had the highest median reading level of 8.1 (IQR: 6.9–9.0) followed by Pennsylvania. Heterogeneity was observed in the content of the materials. Most of the materials (80%) from Michigan focused on water as a source of lead poisoning, whereas materials from New York and Pennsylvania focused on lead-based paint and other sources. The materials prepared at >8th grade reading level contained fewer topics than materials prepared at <8th grade reading level. Conclusions We find that the materials were often prepared at reading levels lower than the recommended 8th grade reading level. However, there is variability in the reading levels and in the content of the materials. While the materials met the general readability guidelines, they did not necessarily meet the needs of specific groups, especially groups at risk.

Death narratives and cervical cancer: Impact of character death on narrative processing and HPV vaccination.

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1173-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Krakow ◽  
Robert N. Yale ◽  
Debora Perez Torres ◽  
Katheryn Christy ◽  
Jakob D. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Narrative Processing

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF MOTHERS HAVING THEIR DAUGHTERS AGED 1 TO 26 YEARS OLD TOWARDS HPV VACCINATION AGAINST CERVICAL CANCER IN AN BINH WARD, NINH KIEU DISTRIC, CAN THO CITY

2014 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Duc Tam Lam ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Correct Knowledge ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Can Tho City ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Backgroud: Cervical cancer is a common disease after breast cancer. That is caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) and now, we have HPV vaccin to prevent the disease with objectives: to determine rate of correct knowledge, attitudes and practice towards HPV vaccination against cervical cancer of mothers who have daughters aged 1 to 26 years old in An Binh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho city and to determine the relationship between correct knowledge and correct attitudes and correct behaviors towards vaccination against cervical cancer of these mothers. Materials and method: Cross-sectional, community survey on 410 mothers who are interviewed face to face by using a questionnaire. Results: The rate of correct knowledge, attitude and practice towards HPV vaccination against cervical cancer is 4.4%; 89.5%; 12.2%; respectively. There’s a correlation between correct knowledge and correct behaviors towards vaccination against cervical cancer among mothers (p<0.05), but no correlation between correct knowledge and correct attitudes. Conclusion: the rate of mothers who have correct knowledge and behaviors is relatively low but whose correct attitude is high. Therefore, may be they want to know more information about vaccination against cervical cancer so that it should have appropriate information-education-counseling and health care campaign to community. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, practice, vaccine, Human papillomavirus, cervical

HPV VACCINE AND CERVICAL CANCER

2011 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccine Trials ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Persistent infection with high-risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been identified as the causal factor of cervical cancer, with relative risk up to 300-400 folds. This very close relationship leads to the preventive strategy of vaccination against HPV infections and HPV-related lesions. The article describes molecular and immunologic characteristics of HPV, currently available HPV vaccines and its protective effects; the relationship between HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening, and an introduction to therapeutic HPV vaccine trials.

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