scholarly journals Acute Effects of Dermal Suction on Passive Muscle and Joint Stiffness

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Shota Enomoto ◽  
Tomonari Shibutani ◽  
Yu Akihara ◽  
Miyuki Nakatani ◽  
Kazunori Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Passive Muscle

The aim of the present study was to examine the acute effects of dermal suction on the passive mechanical properties of specific muscles and joints. Dermal suction was applied to the calves of 24 subjects. Passive plantar flexion torque was measured with the right knee fully extended and the right ankle positioned at 20°, 10°, 0°, and −10° angles, where 0° represents the ankle neutral position, and positive values correspond to the plantar flexion angle. The shear wave velocity (SWV) (m/s) of the medial gastrocnemius was measured in the same position using ultrasound shear wave elastography. The relationship between the joint angle and passive torque at each 10° angle was defined as passive joint stiffness (Nm/°). Passive muscle and joint stiffness were measured immediately before and after the dermal suction protocol. When the ankle joint was positioned at 20° (r = 0.53, P = 0.006), 10° (r = 0.43, P = 0.030), and −10° (r = 0.60, P = 0.001), the SWV was significantly higher after dermal suction than that before dermal suction. Regarding joint stiffness, we found no significant difference between the pre- and post-dermal suction values (partial η2 = 0.093, P > 0.05). These findings suggest that dermal suction increases passive muscle stiffness and has a limited impact on passive joint stiffness.

scholarly journals Can Weakness in End-Range Plantar Flexion After Achilles Tendon Repair Be Prevented?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596711877403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl F. Orishimo ◽  
Sidse Schwartz-Balle ◽  
Timothy F. Tyler ◽  
Malachy P. McHugh ◽  
Benjamin B. Bedford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Passive Stiffness ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Achilles Tendon Repair

Background: Disproportionate end-range plantar flexion weakness, decreased passive stiffness, and inability to perform a heel rise on a decline after Achilles tendon repair are thought to reflect increased tendon compliance or tendon lengthening. Since this was first noted, we have performed stronger repairs and avoided stretching into dorsiflexion for the first 12 weeks after surgery. Hypothesis: Using stronger repairs and avoiding stretching into dorsiflexion would eliminate end-range plantar flexion weakness and normalize passive stiffness. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Achilles repairs with epitendinous augmentation were performed on 18 patients. Plantar flexion torque, dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), passive joint stiffness, and standing single-legged heel rise on a decline were assessed at 43 ± 24 months after surgery (range, 9 months to 8 years). Maximum isometric plantar flexion torque was measured at 20° and 10° of dorsiflexion, neutral position, and 10° and 20° of plantar flexion. Passive dorsiflexion ROM was measured with a goniometer. Passive joint stiffness was computed from the increase in passive torque from 10° to 20° of dorsiflexion. Tendon thickness was measured by use of digital calipers. Plantar flexion electromyographic (EMG) data were recorded during strength and functional tests. Analysis of variance and chi-square tests were used to assess weakness and function. Results: Marked weakness was evident on the involved side at 20° of plantar flexion (deficit, 26% ± 18%; P < .001), with no weakness at 20° of dorsiflexion (deficit, 6% ± 17%; P = .390). Dorsiflexion ROM was decreased 5.5° ± 8° ( P = .015), and tendon width was 8 ± 3 mm greater on the involved side ( P < .001). Passive joint stiffness was similar between the involved and noninvolved sides. Only 2 of 18 patients could perform a decline heel rise on the involved side compared with 18 of 18 on the noninvolved side ( P = .01). No difference in EMG amplitude was found between the involved and noninvolved sides during the strength or heel rise tests. Conclusion: The use of stronger repair techniques and attempts to limit tendon elongation by avoiding dorsiflexion stretching did not eliminate weakness in end-range plantar flexion. EMG data confirmed that end-range weakness was not due to neural inhibition. Physiological changes that alter the force transmission capability of the healing tendon may be responsible for this continued impairment. This weakness has implications for high-demand jumping and sprinting after Achilles tendon repair.

scholarly journals Stiffness of the Masseter Muscle in Children—Establishing the Reference Values in the Pediatric Population Using Shear-Wave Elastography

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9619
Author(s):  
Cyprian Olchowy ◽  
Anna Olchowy ◽  
Aleksander Pawluś ◽  
Mieszko Więckiewicz ◽  
Luca Maria Sconfienza
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Masseter Muscles

In children, the quality and muscle function are altered in many pathologic conditions, including temporomandibular disorders. Although several methods have been used to evaluate muscle tonus, none became a golden standard. Moreover, the masseter muscle characteristics in children have not been investigated to date. This study aimed to measure the stiffness of the masseter muscle using shear-wave elastography in healthy children. We enrolled 30 healthy children (mean age 10.87 ± 3.38 years). The stiffness of masseter muscles was measured with shear wave elastography. Stiffness for the total sample was 6.37 ± 0.77 kPa. A comparison of the measurements did not show significant differences between the right and the left masseter muscles (left—6.47 ± 0.78 kPa; right—6.24 ± 0.76 kPa; p = 0.3546). A significant difference was seen between boys and girls (boys—5.94 ± 0.50 kPa; girls—6.63 ± 0.80; p = 0.0006). Shear-wave elastography is a promising diagnostic tool. It may help to detect changes in the stiffness of the masseter muscle and draw attention to pathological processes within the jaw muscles. Directions for further research shall include determining stiffness values in pathological conditions and the impact of biological and functional factors on the stiffness of the masseter muscle.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of tendon and aponeurosis of human gastrocnemius muscle in vivo

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 1671-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Muramatsu ◽  
Tetsuro Muraoka ◽  
Daisuke Takeshita ◽  
Yasuo Kawakami ◽  
Yuichi Hirano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Maximal Strain

Load-strain characteristics of tendinous tissues (Achilles tendon and aponeurosis) were determined in vivo for human medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle. Seven male subjects exerted isometric plantar flexion torque while the elongation of tendinous tissues of MG was determined from the tendinous movements by using ultrasonography. The maximal strain of the Achilles tendon and aponeurosis, estimated separately from the elongation data, was 5.1 ± 1.1 and 5.9 ± 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant difference in strain between the Achilles tendon and aponeurosis. In addition, no significant difference in strain was observed between the proximal and distal regions of the aponeurosis. The results indicate that tendinous tissues of the MG are homogenously stretched along their lengths by muscle contraction, which has functional implications for the operation of the human MG muscle-tendon unit in vivo.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) PASIF TERHADAP FLEKSIBILITAS SENDI PADA LANSIA DI PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WERDA MINAULA KENDARI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Sahmad Sahmad ◽  
Reni Yunus ◽  
Andi Sarmawan
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Joint Flexibility ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
The Right ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Limited Motion

Aging is a physiological process that will reduce all the functions of organs, one of which is on the musculoskeletal system which can lead to limited motion. This study aimed to determine the effect of Range Of Motion (ROM) of the passive joint flexibility in the elderly in PSTW Minaula Kendari. This research was conducted in PSTW Minaula Kendari. Number of samples 12 people. This study uses the design of one group pretest-posttest. Leverage data is done through observation and documentation. Data were analyzed using paired t-test at 95% confidence level with a = 0.05 using computerized tools (SPSS-20). The results showed that there is the effect of passive ROM tehadap right knee joint flexibility by providing flexion (p = 0.00), extension (p = 0.00), the left knee with the provision of flexion (p = 0.01), extension (p = 0.00), with the provision of the right ankle dorsi flexion (p = 0.00), plantar flexion (p = 0.00), the left ankle with the provision of dorsi flexion (p = 0.00), plantar flexion (p = 0.00), the right foot by giving inverse (p = 0.00), eversion (p = 0.00), the left foot by giving inverse (p = 0.00), eversion (p = 0.00). The conclusion of this study is to show that there is the effect of passive ROM to the flexibility of the joints in the elderly.  

scholarly journals Is shear wave elastography relevant in the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome?

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersen Ertekin ◽  
Ozgür Deniz Turan ◽  
Ozum Tuncyurek
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) to the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Material and methods: Thirty-seven patients with PCOS diagnosis criteria were included in the study. Sixteen volunteer patients without hormonal disturbances and with normal menstrual cycles were evaluated as the control group. Gray scale ultrasonography (US) and SWE measurements in both ovaries were performed by a single radiologist who was blinded to the clinical and laboratory results.Results: The SWE measurements in PCOS group were 8.4±2.0 kPafor the right ovary and 9.4±3.9 kPa for the left ovary and in the control group 7.8±4.1 for the right ovary and 8.6±2.5 kPa for the left ovary. There was no statistically significant difference between the PCOS and the control group according to the SWE results (for right ovary p=0.356, for left ovary p=0.258, and total ovary p=0.293).Conclusions: The ovarian morphology isstill the most reliable imaging finding in the diagnosis of PCOS, although it is controversial especially among adolescents. Although the diagnostic efficacy of SWE is demonstrated in a variety of soft tissue lesions, we did not find any significant contribution of SWE to the diagnosis PCOS. Therefore, the promising value of elastography is yet to be defined for the diagnosis of PCOS.

scholarly journals Stiffness of the Gastrocnemius–Achilles Tendon Complex Between Amateur Basketball Players and the Non-athletic General Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Tian Chang ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Xue-Qiang Wang ◽  
Zhi-Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Repeated Training

Muscle and tendon stiffness are related to sports performance, tendinopathy, and tendon degeneration. However, the effects of habitual loading on muscle and tendon mechanical properties are unclear. Using amateur basketball players as examples, we investigated the effects of mechanical loading on the stiffness of the gastrocnemius–Achilles tendon (AT) complex in non-dominant and dominant lower limbs. Then, we evaluated the correlation between gastrocnemius and AT stiffness. Forty participants (20 amateur basketball players; 20 normal non-athletic persons) were recruited for this study. Stiffness of the gastrocnemius–AT complex was assessed using MyotonPRO at neutral position and 10° dorsiflexion of the ankle joint in participants from amateur basketball players and the non-athletic general population. Our results showed a greater stiffness of the gastrocnemius–AT complex in amateur basketball players than that in healthy non-athletic subjects at neutral position and 10° dorsiflexion of the ankle joint (P &lt; 0.05). No significant difference in stiffness was found between the non-dominant and dominant lower limbs either in amateur basketball players or in generally healthy subjects (P &gt; 0.05). A significant positive correlation was obtained between stiffness of the AT and medial gastrocnemius (MG) in amateur basketball players (neutral position: r = 0.726 and P = 0.001; dorsiflexion 10°: r = 0.687 and P = 0.001). The amateur basketball players exhibit significantly higher stiffness value in Achilles and gastrocnemius. This is possibly caused by repeated training effects. The symmetric stiffness of the AT and gastrocnemius exists both in amateur basketball players and generally healthy subjects. A significant correlation between the AT and the MG was found in amateur basketball players.

Electromyography of experimentally immobilized skeletal muscles in cats

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Fudema ◽  
James A. Fizzell ◽  
Edward M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Common Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Electrical Stimulus ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Tibial ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
The Right

The hind limbs of ten cats were bilaterally immobilized by external fixation without altering skeletal muscle innervation. Bilateral immobilization was used to rule out the possible effects of reciprocal activation from a nonimmobilized contralateral limb. Limbs were fixed in a neutral position to minimize the effect of muscle spindle activation. An electromyograph with an integrator circuit was used to measure the maximum action-potential output of anterior tibial muscles of both sides. Recordings were made of the maximum integrating meter response of the muscles to a standardized supramaximal electrical stimulus applied percutaneously to the common peroneal nerve while the animals were uniformly anesthetized. Measurements were made every 4 days for a period of 101 days of immobilization. The control or normal response was represented by measurements made at the beginning of the experiment. A highly significant continuing decrease in electrical output of the skeletal muscles was seen during the course of the immobilization. No statistically significant difference was found between the response of the right and left sides.

Association of Gastrocnemius Muscle Stiffness With Passive Ankle Joint Stiffness and Sex-Related Difference in the Joint Stiffness

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Chino ◽  
Hideyuki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Related Difference

Passive ankle joint stiffness is affected by all structures located within and over the joint, and is greater in men than in women. Localized muscle stiffness can be assessed by ultrasound shear wave elastography, and muscle architecture such as fascicle length and pennation angle can be measured by B-mode ultrasonography. Thus, the authors assessed localized muscle stiffness of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) with consideration of individual variability in the muscle architecture, and examined the association of the muscle stiffness with passive ankle joint stiffness and the sex-related difference in the joint stiffness. Localized muscle stiffness of the MG in 16 men and 17 women was assessed at 10° and 20° plantar flexion, neutral anatomical position, and 10° and 20° dorsiflexion. Fascicle length and pennation angle of the MG were measured at these joint positions. Passive ankle joint stiffness was determined by the ankle joint angle–torque relationship. Localized MG muscle stiffness was not significantly correlated with passive ankle joint stiffness, and did not show significant sex-related difference, even when considering the muscle architecture. This finding suggests that muscle stiffness of the MG would not be a prominent factor in determining passive ankle joint stiffness and the sex-related difference in the joint stiffness.

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