Light Spectrum Variably Affects the Acclimatization of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings While Maintaining Fruit Quality

In many countries of Europe and Eastern Asia, watermelon production is mainly based on the use of grafted seedlings. Upon grafting, seedlings undergo a period of healing where artificial lighting is provided by light-emitting diodes in controlled chambers in order to accelerate and improve the healing process. The objective of our study was to test the effect of light quality on the final product (i.e., seedlings ready for transplanting) in the nursery, as well as to evaluate the possible implications on fruit quality after field cultivation. Narrow-band blue (B) and red (R) wavelengths, 64–36% R-B (36B), 76–24% R-B (24B), 88–12% R-B (12B), and 83–12% R-B plus 5% far-red (12B+FR) wavelengths were tested. 12B+FR enhanced the root dry weight, root architecture, and maximum photosynthetic rate, while RB combinations generally showed better root system development with increased blue portion. R light induced inferior root dry weight and quality indices (root/shoot and shoot–dry–weight/length ratios), lower gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll content, but high shoot length and leaf area. B light led to inferior root architecture, lower stem diameter, leaf area, and maximum photosynthetic rate. Both R and B wavelengths showed decreased concentration of macronutrients and trace elements. After field cultivation, fruit quality (i.e., morphology and color), and valuable nutritive characteristics (i.e., phenolics, carotenoids, lycopene, antioxidants) maintained high quality irrespective of light treatments. Overall, 12B+FR performed well in almost all qualitative parameters including the morphology, the root development, and photosynthesis, while also maintaining high fruit quality.

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The effect of barley yellow dwarf virus on early plant growth in ryegrass (Lolium spp.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9890293 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 293 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

DR Eagling ◽

RJ Sward ◽

GM Halloran

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Relative Growth Rates ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽

Yellow Dwarf Virus

Measurements were made on the effect of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection on the early growth of four commercial cultivars of ryegrass (Lolium spp.) under two different temperatures (24�C and 16�C). At 24'C, BYDV infection was associated with reduced root dry weight (30-40%) in all cultivars; the effect of infection on shoot dry weight and leaf area was variable. At 16�C, the effect of BYDV infection was variable, being associated with increases in root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and leaf area in one cultivar (Grasslands Ariki) and decreases in another (Victorian). In two other cultivars, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and leaf area were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by infection with BYDV.At 24�C, the reductions in root dry weight associated with BYDV infection were not concomitant with reductions in the root relative growth rates. Up to at least 28 days after inoculation (46-50 days after germination) reductions in root dry weight were associated with both aphid-feeding damage and virus infection. Experiments with the cultivar Victorian, showed that shoot dry weight was not significantly affected (P>0.05) by feeding with viruliferous (BYDV) or non-viruliferous aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi L.). At 16�C, changes in root and shoot dry weight were associated with changes in the root and shoot relative growth rates.

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Evaluation of growth and yield of selected hybrid and inbred rice varieties grown in net-house during transplanted aman season

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5755 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 67-73

Author(s):

M SH Islam ◽

MSU Bhuiya ◽

AR Gomosta ◽

AR Sarkar ◽

MM Hussain

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rooting Depth ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Matter Production ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Pot experiments were conducted during T. aman 2001 and 2002 (wet season) at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) in net house. Hybrid variety Sonarbangla-1 and inbred modern variety BRRI dhan-31 were used in both the seasons and BRRI hybrid dhan-l was used in 2002. The main objective of the experiments was to compare the growth and yield behaviour of hybrid and inbred rice varieties under controlled condition. In 2001, BRRI dhan-3l had about 10-15% higher plant height, very similar tillers/plant, 15-25% higher leaf area at all days after transplanting (DAT) compared to Sonarbangla-1. Sonarbangla- 1 had about 40% higher dry matter production at 25 DAT but had very similar dry matter production at 50 and 75 DAT, 4-11% higher rooting depth at all DATs, about 22% higher root dry weight at 25 DAT, but 5-10% lower root dry weight at 50 and 75 DAT compared to BRRI dhan-31. The photosynthetic rate was higher (20 μ mol m-2/sec-1) in BRRI dhan-3l at 35 DAT (maximum tillering stage) but at 65 DAT, Sonarbangla-l had higher photosynthetic rate of 19.5 μ mol m-2 sec-1. BRRI dhan-3l had higher panicles/plant than Sonarbangla-1, but Sonarbangla-1 had higher number of grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield than BRRI dhan-31. In 2002, BRRI dhan-31 had the highest plant height at 25 DAT, but at 75 DAT, BRRI hybrid dhan-l had the highest plant height. Sonarbangla-1 had the largest leaf area at 25 and 50 DAT followed by BRRI dhan-31, but at 75 DAT, BRRI dhan-31 had the largest leaf area. The highest shoot dry matter was observed in BRRI dhan-31 followed by Sonarbangla-1 at all DATs. Sonarbangla-1 had the highest rooting depth and root dry weight at all DATs. BRRI dhan-31 gave the highest number of panicles/plant followed by Sonarbangla-I, BRRI hybrid dhan-l had the highest grains/panicle followed by BRRI dhan-31 and Sonarbangla-I had the highest 1000-grain weight followed by BRRI dhan-31. The highest amount of grains/plant (34.6 g) was obtained from BRRI dhan-31. Key Words: Shoot dry matter; root dry weight; leaf area; photosynthesis; grain yield. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5755Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 67-73, March 2009

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Seedling Growth of Catawba Rhododendron. I. Temperature Optima, Leaf Area, and Dry Weight Distribution

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.11.1298 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (11) ◽

pp. 1298-1302 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Bradley Rowe ◽

Stuart L. Warren ◽

Frank A. Blazich

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Dry Weight ◽

High Elevation ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Weight Ratio ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Total Plant

Catawba rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense Michx.) seedlings of two provenances, Johnston County, N.C. (35°45′N, 78°12′W, elevation = 67 m), and Yancey County, N.C. (35°45′N, 82°16′W, elevation = 1954 m), were grown in controlled-environment chambers for 18 weeks with days at 18, 22, 26, or 30C in factorial combination with nights at 14, 18, 22, or 26C. Shoot and root dry weights and total leaf areas of seedlings of the Yancey County provenance (high elevation) exceeded (P ≤ 0.05) those of the Johnston County (low elevation) provenance at all temperature combinations. Leaf area was maximal at 22/22C, 18/26C, and 22/26C and minimal at 30/14C (day/night). Shoot dry weight responded similarly. Root dry weight decreased linearly with increasing day temperature, but showed a quadratic response to night temperature. Leaf weight ratio (leaf dry weight: total plant dry weight) increased, while root weight ratio (root dry weight: total plant dry weight) decreased with increasing day temperature. Leaf weight ratio was consistently higher than either stem or root weight ratios. Day/night cycles of 22 to 26/22C appear optimal for seedling growth.

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Relationship among specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus and photosynthetic rate in herbaceous species of tropical dry deciduous in Vindhyan highlands

Annals of Plant Sciences ◽

10.21746/aps.2017.02.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1531 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Prajjwal Dubey ◽

Raghubanshi A. S. ◽

Anil K. Dwivedi*

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Specific Leaf Area ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Ground Level ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Herbaceous Species

A range of leaf attributes was measured for 17 herbaceous species in four contrasting habitats fortnightly from July to September during 2996-2007. All herbaceous vegetation in 5 randomly located plots within each of four sites were clipped at ground level and analyzed fortnightly. Leaf area was recorded by the leaf area meter (Systronics; Leaf area meter- 211). Fresh leaves were dried at 80o C for 48 hr to estimate their dry weight. Specific Leaf Area (SLA) was determined as ratio of leaf area to leaf dry weight. Leaf nitrogen was measured by Kjeldahl method and phosphorus by phosphomolybdic blue colorimetric method. The obtained values were subjected to Two- tailed Pearson correlation coefficients using SPSS (2004 ver. 13) package. SLA, leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus and photosynthetic rate show positive relationship with each other.

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Evaluation of Compost as an Amendment to Commercial Mixes used for Container-grown Golden Shrimp Plant Production

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.11.1.31 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S.B. Wilson ◽

P.J. Stoffella ◽

D.A. Graetz

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Particle Density ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plant Production ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Nitrogen Mobilization ◽

Container Capacity

Growth of golden shrimp plant (Pachystachys lutea Nees.) transplants was evaluated in media containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% compost derived from biosolids and yard trimmings. A commercial coir- or peat-based media was amended with compost. As compost composition in the peat or coir-based media increased from 0% to 100%, carbon/nitrogen ratios decreased; and media stability, nitrogen mobilization, pH, and electrical conductivity increased. Bulk density, particle density, air-filled porosity, container capacity, and total porosity increased as more compost was added to either peat- or coir-based media. Plants grown in media with high volumes of compost (75% or 100%) had less leaf area and lower shoot and root dry weight compared to the controls (no compost). Regardless of percentage of compost composition in either peat or coir-based media, all plants were considered marketable after 8 weeks.

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Coir as an Alternative to Peat in Media for Tomato Transplant Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.37.2.309 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 309-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

M. Arenas ◽

C.S. Vavrina ◽

J.A. Cornell ◽

E.A. Hanlon ◽

G.J. Hochmuth

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

C:N Ratio ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Medium Composition ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Tomato Seed ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Growth Differences ◽

Summer Fruit

Sixteen media prepared from peat, coir, vermiculite, or perlite were used to determine the optimum growing media for tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) transplants. Medium composition did not affect tomato seed emergence, although seedling emergence was higher in winter (90%) than summer (85%). Greatest transplant root dry weight, stem diameter, and leaf area were achieved in 50% to 75% peat + 25% to 50% vermiculite in summer. In winter, greatest transplant root dry weight, stem diameter, and leaf area were achieved in eight media: 100% peat, 75% peat + 25% vermiculite, 75% peat + 25% perlite, 50% peat + 50% vermiculite, 50% peat + 50% perlite, 25% peat + 50% coir + 25% vermiculite, 50% peat + 25%coir + 25% vermiculite, and 25% peat +25% coir +25% vermiculite +25% perlite. Transplants grown with >50% coir exhibited reduced plant growth compared to peat-grown transplants, a response that may be associated with high N immobilization by microorganisms and high C:N ratio. Despite transplant growth differences during the summer, fruit yields generally were unaffected by transplant media.

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Container Volume and Height Affect Shoot and Root Development in Marigold Seedlings

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.868b ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 868B-868

Author(s):

Jennifer Marohnic ◽

Robert L. Geneve

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Development ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Root Number ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

The Impact

Marigold seedlings were grown in four containers that differed in both volume and shape. Seedlings grown in 1.5-gal containers showed the greatest potential for shoot and root development 20 days after sowing. These seedlings had greater leaf area, shoot and root dry weight, and total root number and length compared to seedlings grown in 406 plug trays, 72-cell packs, or 6-inch containers. There was a positive correlation (r2 = 0.81) between cell volume and seedling growth as well as a positive correlation (r2 = 0.89) between container height with seedling growth. An attempt was made to separate the impact of container volume vs. container height on seedling growth. Containers were designed using acrylics to vary the container height while keeping the volume constant at 1500 cm3. There was a positive correlation (r2 = 0.87) between shoot and root dry weight with container height. The data suggest that both container volume and height contribute to overall seedling growth in marigold, but when container volume is not limiting, container height has a large impact on seedling development.

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EFFETS DE LA FERTILISATION AZOTÉE SUR LA CROISSANCE DE TRANSPLANTS DE TOMATE ET DE LAITUE CULTIVÉS EN PLATEAUX MULTICELLULAIRES AVEC OU SANS ÉCLAIRAGE D’APPOINT

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps90-148 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1205 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

JEAN MASSON ◽

ANDRÉ GOSSELIN ◽

NICOLAS TREMBLAY

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root To Shoot Ratio ◽

Fertilisation Azotée

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ’Springset’) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ’Ithaca’) transplants were grown under natural and supplemental light (100 μmol m−2 s−1 PAR) and fertilized with four nitrogen doses (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg L−1 N). Supplemental light increased tomato shoot dry weight, shoot percent dry matter, leaf area, root dry weight, and root-to-shoot ratio. Lettuce transplants showed increased shoot and root dry weight as well as leaf area when supplemental light was present. For both species, nitrogen increased shoot dry weight and leaf area, but decreased shoot percent dry matter and root-to-shoot ratio. High nitrogen doses increased tomato and lettuce shoot dry weight and leaf area chiefly under supplemental light.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, Lactuca sativa, pretransplanting nutritional conditioning, seedling

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Wind reduces growth and yield but not net leaf photosynthesis of primocane-fruiting red raspberries (Rubus idaues L.) in the establishment years

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p99-170 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 841-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Privé ◽

N. Allain

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Reproductive Development ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Rubus Idaeus ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Gas Exchange Parameters ◽

Exchange Parameters

Four primocane-fruiting (PF) red raspberry cultivars, Bogong, Autumn Cascade, Heritage and Dinkum, were grown in exposed or sheltered (50% permeable artificial windbreak) sites fully exposed to prevailing winds in Bouctouche, NB. Shelters were erected at the beginning and removed at the end of each growing season. In the establishment year, all cultivars were evaluated to determine the effects of wind stress on their vegetative and reproductive development and leaf gas exchange. since all cultivars responded similarly to the effect of wind in year one, only Dinkum was monitored in years two and three. In all years, the artificial windbreak resulted in an overall 35% reduction in wind velocity, increased the number of calm days (<5.4 km h−1) and decreased the incidence of strong breezes (>36 km h−1). Interestingly in this maritime climate, the artificial windbreak did not have much of an effect on altering relative humidity, vapour pressure deficits, or air or soil temperature. Plants from sheltered sites consistently had greater above-ground biomass (especially cane dry weight) and longer cane internodes. For two of the three years, leaf area and yield were also greater in the sheltered sites. Leaf gas exchange parameters (Pn, gs and Ci), expressed per unit of leaf area, did not differ between treatments for most of the season, but the sheltered plants retained more leaf area and thus had the potential to fix a greater amount of carbon than the exposed plants. The larger, sheltered plants produced a more extensive fruiting framework, which resulted in increased yields in both the establishment and subsequent year. It is recommended to shelter raspberry plants from wind in the initial establishment years. Key words: Rubus idaeus L., fall-bearing, autumn fruiting, windbreak

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Whole-Plant Response of Selected Woody Landscape Species to Uniconazole

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-9.3.163 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 163-167

Author(s):

Stuart L. Warren ◽

Frank A. Blazich ◽

Mack Thetford

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Specific Leaf Weight ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Top Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Dry Weight

Abstract Uniconazole was applied as a foliar spray or medium drench to six woody landscape species: ‘Sunglow’ azalea; flame azalea; ‘Spectabilis’ forsythia; ‘Compacta’ holly; ‘Nellie R. Stevens’ holly; and mountain pieris. One hundred days after uniconazole application, leaf, stem, and top dry weight of all species, except flame azalea and mountain pieris, decreased as uniconazole concentration increased. Compared to controls, stem and leaf dry weight were reduced by uniconazole 18 to 60% and 13 to 32%, respectively, depending on species and method of application. Stem dry weight was reduced to a greater degree, compared to leaf dry weight. For all species, drench application was more effective than foliar spray in reducing leaf, stem, and top dry weight. Leaf area of ‘Spectabilis’ forsythia and ‘Nellie R. Stevens’ holly decreased with increasing rates. However, specific leaf weight was not affected. Uniconazole did not significantly affect leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance or internal leaf CO2 concentrations in ‘Spectabilis’ forsythia or ‘Nellie R. Stevens’ holly. No phytotoxicity was observed on any species.

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