scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Markers of Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Associated Factors, and Vaccination Status in Young Adults in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1905
Author(s):  
Tatiana Balaeva ◽  
Andrej Grjibovski ◽  
Olga Samodova ◽  
Anatoly Sannikov ◽  
Elise Klouman
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Russia had a high incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection before the vaccination campaigns of 1997, 2001, 2007, which targeted newborns, adolescents, and adults, respectively. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of serological markers of HBV infection, associated factors, and vaccination status among young adults in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia. In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we used a quota sampling method to recruit 1243 adults aged 18–39 years. Participants completed a self-administrated questionnaire and were tested for hepatitis B markers. Associations between positivity for markers and selected sociodemographic and behavioral factors were studied by logistic regression. 10.9% of our participants were positive for at least one marker of hepatitis B, 1.2% were positive for HBsAg, and 42.1% were negative for all markers. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, age 30–34 years; lack of self-reported vaccination; and having ≥2 sexual partners in the last 6 months were associated with positivity for markers of hepatitis B. Hepatitis B vaccination was confirmed in 46.9% of participants. Although half of our study sample was vaccinated, four in 10 were still susceptible to infection and more than one participant in 100 showed evidence of an active infection.

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Kisangau ◽  
A Awour ◽  
B Juma ◽  
D Odhiambo ◽  
T Muasya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county. Methods Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination. Results Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19–67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.3). Conclusion We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anti-HBc total positivity in an impoverished Urban Community in Banglades

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Dilip Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Chanchal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Mukta Nath ◽  
Syed Alamgir Safwath ◽  
Santosh Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Total Positivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Core ◽  
B Virus

The infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are rapidly spreading in developing countries due to the lack of health education, poverty, illiteracy and Hepatitis B vaccination. No widespread population based data of HBV is available in the country's aspect. So, a population-based serological survey was done to determine the prevalence of the Hepatitis B core antibody total (IgM+IgG) in an impoverished Urban Community in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 healthy individuals and age between 18-60 years from the urban slum in Dhaka city. The study was implemented through collaboration with Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka from January 2013 to June 2013. The study participants were selected through systematic sampling procedure and blood tested for anti-HBc. Anti-HBc estimations were carried out by VITROS Immune diagnostic assay. The study was pertained Ethical permission from Bangladesh Medical Research Council (BMRC) and every participant was informed regarding their written informed consent. Among the 384 respondents, 183(47.6%) individuals were positive for the core antibody of hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc). The anti HBc positive group consisted almost of equal number of male 93, (24.2%) and female 90 (23.4%). There was a significantly increasing prevalence of the core antibody among young adults and middle age of the respondents (28.7%). Major risk factors for exposure to Hepatitis B appeared to be Ear-nose-body piercing, Circumcision by Hajam, unsafe blood transfusion and unsterile dental intervention. High prevalence of hepatitis B Core antibody (47.6%) indicates that the members of this urban community are highly exposed to hepatitis B virus.

scholarly journals Knowledge and vaccination status on hepatitis B among the students of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4715
Author(s):  
M. Sabbir Ahmed ◽  
M. Wahidur Rahman ◽  
Fahmida Fayeza ◽  
Tarana Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global public health problem as well as in Bangladesh. The most common liver disease in Bangladesh is viral hepatitis. Bangladesh is an intermediate endemic zone for hepatitis B virus infection. Research shows that about 10 million people in Bangladesh have been suffering from hepatitis B.Methods: The research was a cross-sectional survey and appropriate statistical formula was used to select 341 respondents randomly. The data were collected through a pre-designed, pre-structured questionnaire, which was distributed among the students. All the data was analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013.Results: Most of the respondent 95% knew about hepatitis B and about 87% knew that it is a viral infection. About 69% students respond that hepatitis B can increase liver cancer. Among the respondents, 76% supported that hepatitis B can be transmitted by blood transfusion. Most of the students 82% supported blood transfusion as a causative factor and 67% informed that jaundice is the major sign and symptoms of hepatitis B. More than half of the students 53% reported that they were vaccinated for hepatitis B. The major reasons for not taking vaccination were lack of free time and lack of feeling of necessity for vaccination.Conclusions: The overall knowledge and vaccination status on hepatitis B virus was not satisfactory. Different types of seminars and campaigns on hepatitis B, arranged by university will help to increase the student’s level of knowledge on hepatitis B.

scholarly journals Acute Hepatitis B Co-infection in HIV-Infected Patients Despite Prior Hepatitis B Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rolland ◽  
L. Antonova ◽  
J. Powis ◽  
T. Murdoch ◽  
D. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B

Clinicians often assume that patients vaccinated for hepatitis B virus (HBV) have immunity. We report three cases of acute HBV infection in HBV-vaccinated HIV patients. These cases illustrate that patients at an elevated risk of HBV exposure presenting with acute hepatitis should be tested for HBV infection regardless of previous vaccination status.

scholarly journals Seroprevalences of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus among Participants of an Asian Health Fair in the Lower Mainland, British Columbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Ip ◽  
Jo-Ann Ford ◽  
Kirby Lau ◽  
Vladimir Marquez ◽  
Marisa Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Health Fair

BACKGROUND: The seroprevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are 0.4% and 0.8%, respectively, in Canada, but varying rates have been reported in different populations.OBJECTIVES: To determine the seroprevalences of HBV and HCV among attendees of an Asian health fair in the Lower Mainland, British Columbia, as well as to correlate questionnaire answers regarding vaccination status to serological profiles.METHODS: Attendees at an Asian health fair were invited to participate in the present study on a voluntary basis. They provided answers to a questionnaire including ethnicity and vaccination status. Blood was then drawn for HBV and HCV serology. Active HBV was defined as HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive while HCV seroprevalence was defined as HCV antibody reactive. Previous exposure to HBV was defined as HBV core antibody (anti-HBc) positive and HBsAg negative. Nonimmunity was defined as anti-HBc negative and HBV surface antibody negative. Only those with correct demographic information matched to serological results were included in the study.RESULTS: There were 192 consenting attendees of the fair, of whom 112 were included in the study. Of the participants, 91% were Chinese. Active HBV infection was found in three participants (2.7% [95% CI 0.6% to 7.6%]) and HCV infection was found in two participants (1.8% [95% CI 0.2% to 6.3%]). More than 40% of participants had been previously exposed to HBV (42% [95% CI 33% to 51%]). Almost 20% demonstrated nonimmunity to HBV (19% [95% CI 12% to 27%]). There was significant discordance when questionnaire answers regarding vaccination status were compared with serological profiles.CONCLUSION: The seroprevalences of HBV and HCV in this cohort were 2.7% and 1.8%, respectively – higher than nationally reported rates. Our results highlight that the lack of knowledge of HBV infection and vaccination status remains a significant clinical issue in the Asian community of British Columbia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Associated Factors Among Blood Donors in 48 Hospital Sana'a City- Yemen During 2016: انتشار عدوى فيروس الكبد الوبائي ب والعوامل المرتبطة به بين المتبرعين بالدم في مستشفى 48 مدينة صنعاء - اليمن خلال عام 2016م

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naif Tawfiq Alnwany
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly (simple random sample according to previous seroprevalence HBV in population) selected 500 blood donors from who came to the blood bank service in 48 Hospital in Sana'a between October 2016 to Aug 2016 and were interviewed face to face, then data was collected by using questionnaire and blood samples collected after that using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. the questionnaire consisted of three sections (A) demographics, (B) associated factors and (C) blood sample results. Results and conclusion: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infected was 2.6%. Only three factors in simple and multiple logistic regression were statistically significant with prevalence of HBsAG. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that blood donors who had history of: dental treatment, cupping and malaria infection were more likely to infect with hepatitis B virus infected compared to those without history of: dental treatment, cupping and malaria infection 7.8%, 7.3 % and 7.5 % respectively. The rest of factors failed to achieve any statistical significant with prevalence of HBsAG. Hepatitis b is hyper endemic in Yemen, this need application of infection control policies in dental clinics, cupping centers, inject Hepatitis B virus vaccine and control of malaria in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Preventive Practice on Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Dentists in Selected Hospitals at Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Faisal Solaiman ◽  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
Syeda Mahmuda Akhter ◽  
Arup Kumar Saha ◽  
Helal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Level

Aims: The study was carried out among 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city to find out the preventive practice on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out involving 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city from December 2011 to March 2012 to quantify the preventive practice on HBV infection through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed by using the software SPSS 16.0 version (Chicago). Then analyzed data were presented according to the variables of the study showing percentage relationship between variables using appropriate statistical method.Results: Mean age of the dentists was 26.43±6.29 (range, 25-45) years where 74.17% were male and 25.83% were female. Among 120 respondents, 20.83% obtained BDS degree along with a postgraduate training (PGT) in any of the respective fields of dentistry. Others obtained MS in dentistry (21.67%), MPH in dentistry (10.83%), PhD in dentistry (9.17%), DDS in dental surgery (10%) and FCPS in dentistry (6.67%). Academic positions of the respondents were 33.33%, assistant professors, 26.67% associate professors, 19.17% medical officers, and 17.5% were lecturers. Majority (93.3%) dentists knew about HBV transmission, prevention, symptoms, risks, and concurrences. Out of them, 87.5% reported having been tested for HBV which was associated with their designations (p=0.013) and more than 75% reported having been vaccinated against HBV. Conclusions: A high level of knowledge and attitude towards practice in the prevention of HBV was found to be very good among the dentists of Dhaka city though seemed it was not always possible to take precaution for handling emergency patients. Further broad scale studies would be needed to have decisive results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v10i1.13831 City Dent. Coll. J Volume-10, Number-1, January-2013

Prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Agena health center, South Ethiopia, 2019: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haile Workye Agazhu ◽  
Melese Niguse Robele ◽  
Ijigu Tadesse Ayele ◽  
Amin A/Karim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the world’s most common and highly contagious liver infection. Its transmission methods are: mother to child, via open wounds, sexual contact, blood transfusion and other blood contact related activities. Prevalence of HBV among pregnant women in Africa ranges from 3.67 - 16.5% and in Ethiopia 2.4 to 8.4%. Hepatitis B infection leads to high morbidity and mortality for mother as well as for their infants due to the vertical transmission. Hence assessing the prevalence and associated factors of Hepatitis B Virus infection is a priority. Methodology : An institution based cross sectional study was conducted with a total of 194 of pregnant women attending antenatal care at Agena health center from May 1-30/2019. Frequency analysis and Logistic regression test was used to determine the associated factors associated with Hepatitis B virus by using SPSS version 25. Results: The prevalence of HBV in Agena health center among pregnant women were 4.1% and it was associated with marital status, history of hospital admission and history of abortion. Conclusion : The prevalence of HBV in Agena health center among pregnant women was intermediate. Since routine screening and immunization of all pregnant women is mandatory. Key words : Hepatitis B infection, pregnant women, Agena health center

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