scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Malaria in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Beira, Mozambique

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Gennaro ◽  
Claudia Marotta ◽  
Damiano Pizzol ◽  
Kajal Chhaganlal ◽  
Laura Monno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Malaria Test

Co-infection between malaria and HIV has major public health implications. The aims of this study were to assess the malaria prevalence and to identify predictors of positivity to malaria Test in HIV positive patients admitted to the health center São Lucas of Beira, Mozambique. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed from January 2016 to December 2016. Overall, 701 adult HIV patients were enrolled, positivity to malaria test was found in 232 (33.0%). These patients were found to be more frequently unemployed (76.3%), aged under 40 (72.0%), with a HIV positive partner (22.4%) and with a CD4 cell count <200 (59.9%). The following variables were predictors of malaria: age under 40 (O.R. = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.22–2.08), being unemployed (O.R. = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.24–2.21), irregularity of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis’s (O.R. = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.10–1.78), CD4 cell count <200 (O.R. = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.42–2.32) and tuberculosis comorbidity (O.R. = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.17–2.79). In conclusion, high malaria prevalence was found in HIV patients accessing the out-patients centre of São Lucas of Beira. Our findings allowed us to identify the profile of HIV patients needing more medical attention: young adults, unemployed, with a low CD4 cell count and irregularly accessing to ART and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.

scholarly journals CD4 count and oral health related quality of life of HIV-infected individuals at a tertiary healthcare center in Dharan – A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-396
Author(s):  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Jyotsna Rimal ◽  
Nimesh Poudyal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background & Objective:  Patients with severe immuno-suppression are at risk of having poor oral hygiene and severe periodontal diseases, thus limiting their quality of life. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with HIV/AIDS and its association with the CD4 cell count.Materials & Methods:  A cross-sectional study was conducted using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) among 122 HIV/AIDS patients visiting the CD4 laboratory at a tertiary healthcare center at Dharan, from January-December 2009. Oral examination and recording of dental indices were done. CD4 cell count was correlated with OHIP-14 and dental indices using Spearman’s rho; p < 0.01 was considered as statistically significant.Results:  Sixty four males and 58 females with median age of 34 years had a mean CD4 cell count of 360.46 cells/mm3 (range=111-1076 cells/mm3). OHRQoL was affected in 25.4% of the individuals with mean OHIP-14 score of 2.5. Most of the individuals (85.7%) were on ART, never used tobacco (68%) or alcohol (74.5%). Mean OHI-S and DMFT were 1.65 and 1.57, respectively and periodontal pocket observed in only 3.3% individuals. The CD4 cell count had no significant positive correlation with OHIP-14 ((rs=0.071; p=0.61), OHI-S (rs=0.21; p=0.127) and DMFT (rs=0.015; p=0.912). There was no significant difference in parameters with regards to gender.Conclusion: Although CD4 cells are an important indicator for clinical aggravation of HIV infection, OHRQoL and oral health as measured by OHI-S, DMFT and CPI are not directly associated to the CD4 cell count.

scholarly journals Prevalence and CD4 Cell Count Pattern of TB Co-infection Among HIV Infected Individuals In Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Surya Raj Niraula ◽  
SP Barnawal ◽  
AK Agrahari ◽  
N Bista ◽  
DK Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Ciency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodefi Ciency Virus ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodefi ciency Virus (HIV) infections are two major public health problems in many parts of the world, particularly in developing counties like Nepal. The objective of the study is to find out prevalence and clinical presentation of the TB co-infection among HIV infected individuals and pattern of CD4 cell count in relation to types of TB and response of ART. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in three VCT clinics from Dharan and Kathmandu from April 2010 to March 2011. The appropriate samples, 313 HIV individuals were taken as study sample. Results: The study revealed that more than 36% of individuals were co-infected with TB. Among them, nearly 65% had pulmonary TB, more than one-forth had gland TB. There is signifi cant association of TB co-infection among male compared to females (P=0.021). Fever, weight loss and cough were found to have signifi cant symptoms associated with TB-HIV co-infection. The average CD4 count among TB co-infected population was signifi cantly less compared to uninfected ones just before starting ART (P=0.022) and even after six months (P=0.001). After one year of ART continuation, there was no signifi cant association on average CD4 count among the two groups. But then, the mean CD4 count became more in TB co-infected individuals compared to those who had no TB co-infection. Conclusion: TB-HIV co-infection is an emerging medical issue in Nepal. More than one third of HIV patients are co-infected with TB. Consideration of TB need to be made while caring patients with HIV infection and vice versa. ART plays very important role in increasing CD4 cell count among TB-HIV coinfected patients. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS; 2013; X(1); 27-36 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v10i1.8674

scholarly journals Prevalence of Unrecognized Depression and Associated Factors Among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV/AIDS in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia 2019, Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takele Kejela Tiki ◽  
Teferra Likassa Tusa ◽  
Esayas Tadesse ◽  
Mulugeta Gobena
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: Clinical depression has been associated with various chronic disease conditions. The chronic course of HIV, fostered by the use of antiretroviral therapy in infected patients, puts them at risk of developing clinical depression which unfortunately, is often undiagnosed and therefore untreated. This study aimed to assess Prevalence of unrecognized depression and associated factors among newly diagnosed people living with HIV/AIDS in west shoa zone, oromia regional state, central Ethiopia. Method: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was implemented in 2019. A total of 429 newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients who had regular visit at selected public health facilities in west shoa zone, oromia regional state, central Ethiopia were included in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Patient Health Questionnaire item nine (PHQ-9) was used to assess depressive symptoms. In addition to this, HIV perceived stress scale was used to assess HIV-related perceived stress. Result: A total of 429 study participants were included in the study, giving a response rate of 100%. The mean age of the respondents was 37 years (SD ± 10.04). This study revealed that 47.3% of HIV-positive patients had depression. Patients who had opportunity infection [AOR = 2.15, (95% CI 1.41, 3.29)], HIV-related perceived stress [AOR = 2.23, (95% CI 1.44, 3.46)] and CD4 cell count < 200 [AOR = 1.94, (95% CI 1.25, 3.02)] were more likely to have depression as compared to individuals who had no opportunity infection, no perceived HIV stress and CD4 cell count > 200, respectively.Conclusion and recommendation: Having HIV-related perceived stress and opportunity infection of participant had statistically significant association with undiagnosed depressive. Training of health workers in ART clinics and availing manuals on assessing mental health issues is useful to screen and treat depression among HIV patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Markers of Depression and CD4 Cell Count among Adult HIV-Positive Patients on Anti-Retroviral at a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
A. Amoko ◽  
P.O. Ajiboye ◽  
F.A. Olagunju ◽  
R.O. Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Objective: Depression is a common mental health problem among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA); because low count of lymphocytes with  cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4 cell count) is associated with severe symptoms of HIV infection, there are thoughts that low CD4 cells count can provoke depressive illness. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between CD4 count and depression among adult HIV positivepatients attending Family Medicine clinics at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria.Method: A hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was done over a period of 6 months among 350 systematically randomly selected adult HIV-positive patients. PHQ-9 was used to obtain information on depression and the CD4 count was determined using a flow-cytometric method. Data were obtained and analyzed using SPSS-17. Chi-square was used to determine degree of association between the depression and the level of CD4 count. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of depression among the respondents was 33.4%. The prevalence of depression was highest among respondents with low CD4 count (≤349cells/ul), 37.0%, and least among those with high CD4 count (≥500cells/ul), 28.3%. This relationship was however not statistically significant.Conclusion: The overall prevalence of depression was high among the respondents (33.4%) suggesting the need for routine depression screening among HIV positive patients. There was no statistically significant association between presence of depression and level of CD4 count (p-value=0.302). Keywords: Depression, CD4count, PLWHA, Family Medicine, UITH.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia on HAART and HAART naive HIV positive clients attending Debre Tabor Hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anemut Tilahun Mulu ◽  
Getachew Yideg Yitbarek ◽  
Fitalew Tadele Admasu ◽  
Chalachew Yenew Denekew ◽  
Biruk Demissie Melese
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Debre Tabor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: HAART has been reported to be associated with a number of side effects in human immunodeficiency virus patients among which dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder. Methods: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study among 228 HIV positive persons was conducted from July to August 2020. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Fasting venous blood sample was drawn for Lipid profiles and CD4 cell determination. Anthropometric measurement was done. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 for windows. Result: A total of 228 HIV patients were enrolled in the study. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in HAART naive and on HAART HIV positive persons was 61(53.5%) and 84 (73.7%), respectively. The prevalence of TC≥200 mg/dl was 50% and 30%; HLD-c<40 mg/dl was 43.8% and 36%; LDL-c≥130mg/dl was 48.3% and 28.1%; and TG≥150 mg/dl 59.6% and 39% among on HAART and HAART naïve, respectively. Age greater than 40 years (AOR = 3.27, 95% C.I: 1.47 - 7.25), blood pressure ≥ 140/90 (AOR = 16.13, 95% C.I: 5.81 - 44.75), being on HAART (AOR = 2.73, 95 % C.I: 1.35 - 5.53) and body mass index > 25kg/m2 (AOR = 1.92, 95 % C.I: 1.20 - 4.81) were identified as determinants of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The mean value of lipid profile was significantly higher among HIV positive clients on HAART as compared to those HAART naïve HIV positive clients.

scholarly journals The correlation of tuberculosis smear results and immuno-suppression with CD4+ counts as a surrogate marker among HIV infected patients.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Kamvuma ◽  
Yusuf ademola ◽  
Warren Chanda ◽  
Christopher Newton Phiri ◽  
Sam Bezza Phiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and M.tuberculosis are two intracellular pathogens that interact at the cellular, clinical and population levels. Since the recognition of AIDS in 1981, the number of reported cases of TB in the has increased substantially, especially in regions with high incidence of AIDS. The main aim of this study was to establish weather there is a relationship between sputum smear positives and low CD4 cell counts among HIV infected patients.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study involving 473 participants. The patients recruited in this study were those who tested HIV positive and smear positive for TB. Their HIV status was determined by performing an HIV blood test, if they were HIV positive their CD4 cell count were then made.Results: This study examined the relation between smear positivity and low CD4 (below 200cells/µl) together with CD8 and CD3 markers as a measure of immune function among patients infected with HIV. The study participants’ constituted males 67% and females 33%. The overall mean age was 33.2 (SD 6.9) with the youngest and oldest participants being 18 and 60 respectively. It was found that smear positive results negatively (r=-0.13; p=0.021) correlated with CD4+ below 200 cells/µl. No correlation was observed between smear positives and CD8+ or CD3+ since the calculated correlation coefficient was not significant 0.007 (p=0.9) and 0.03 (p=0.6) respectively. There are more 3+ smear results below 200 cells/µl than the others while above 200 cells/µl 1+ was the most commonly reported smear result. The scanty smear positives were the least commonly reported result in the low and high CD4 counts. Conclusion: The smear positive result negatively correlated with a low CD4+ (r=-0.13; p=0.021) but no correlation with low CD+8 and CD+3 results was observed. The long held theory that low bacillary counts in patients with low CD4+ counts needs to be revisited. The reduction of CD4+ cell count parallels' that of the total lymphocyte count and is more marked in patients with high bacillary counts. Further, studies are required to confirm these findings

scholarly journals Haematological Changes in Peripheral Blood of HIV – Infected Persons with Correlation to CD4 Cell Count

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Susane Giti ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Objective: Aims at recognizing the haematological abnormalities in peripheral blood associated with HIV infection and to correlate the haematological abnormalities with CD4 cell count to highlight these manifestations with disease progression.Methodology: Observational cross sectional study.Setting: Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka cantonment.Patients: Two hundred four (204) HIV – infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy aged from three years to 65 years. There were 132 male and 72 female patients.Results: Anaemia was found in 103 (50.5%) cases. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in ten (4.9%) and seven (3.4%) cases respectively. Lymphopenia was found in 12 (5.9%) cases. In 50 (24.5%) cases Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) was > 20 mm at the end of 1st hour. Flow cytometric analysis for CD4 cell count showed < 200 cells/cmm in 65 (31.8%) cases, in between 200 cells/cmm and 499 cells/cmm in 117 (57.4%) cases and > 500 cells/cmm in 22 (10.8%) cases.Conclusion: Haematological abnormalities are common in HIV – infected patients and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in these patients. These abnormalities are more frequent with disease progression. The present study revealed a significant increase in the number of anaemia, leucopenia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia with decreasing CD4 cell count.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 130-136

scholarly journals Chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer in HIV patients causes prolonged CD4 cell count suppression

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alfa-Wali ◽  
T. Allen-Mersh ◽  
A. Antoniou ◽  
D. Tait ◽  
T. Newsom-Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell
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