scholarly journals Landscape Grain Effect in Yancheng Coastal Wetland and Its Response to Landscape Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Tian ◽  
Luodan Cao ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Ruiliang Pu ◽  
Xiaoli Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Landscape Index ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Artificial Wetlands ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Different Grain Size

The landscape grain effect reflects the spatial heterogeneity of a landscape and it is used as a research core of landscape ecology. The landscape grain effect can be used to not only explore spatiotemporal variation characteristics of a landscape pattern, but also to disclose variation laws of ecological structures and functions of landscapes. In this study, the sensitivity of landscape pattern indexes to grain sizes 50–1000 m was studied based on landscape data in Yancheng Coastal Wetland acquired in 1991, 2000, 2008, and 2017. Response of the grain effect to landscape changes was analyzed and an optimal grain size for analysis in the study area was determined. Results indicated that: (1) among 27 indexes (12 in a class level and 15 in a landscape level), eight indexes were highly sensitive to grains, ten indexes presented moderate sensitivity, eight indexes presented low sensitivity, and one was unresponsive. It was shown that the area-margin index and the shape index were more sensitive to the different grain sizes. The aggregation index had some differences in the grain size change, and the diversity index had a low response degree to the grain size. (2) Landscape indexes showed six different responses to different grains, including slow reduced response, fast reduced and then slow reduced response, monotonically increased response, fluctuating reduced response, up-down responses, and stable response, which indicated that the landscape index was closely related to the spatial grain. (3) From 1991 to 2017, variation curves of the landscape grain size of different landscape types could be divided into four types: fluctuation rising type, fluctuation type, monotonous decreasing type, and monotonous rising type. Different grain size curves had different interpretations of landscape changes, but in general, Yancheng Coastal Wetland’s landscape tended to be fragmented and complicated, internal connectivity was weakened, and dominant landscape area was reduced. Natural wetlands were more sensitive to grain size effects than artificial wetlands. (4) The landscape index at the 50 m grain size had a strong response to different grain size changes, and the loss of landscape information was the smallest. Therefore, it was determined that the optimal landscape grain size in the study area was 50 m.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN LANDSCAPE PATTERN OF WETLAND AROUND HANGZHOU BAY

2018 ◽  
Vol IV-3 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Wenpeng Lin ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Ying Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Coastal Wetlands ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Hangzhou Bay ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Wetland Landscape ◽  
Ecological Resources

Hangzhou Bay is an important estuarial coastal wetland, which offers a large number of land and ecological resources. It plays a significant role in the sustainable development of resources, environment and economy. In this paper, based on the remote sensing images in 1996, 2005 and 2013, we extracted the coastal wetland data and analyzed the wetland landscape pattern of the Hangzhou Bay in the past 20 years. The results show that: (1) the area of coastal wetland is heading downwards in the recent decades. Paddy field and the coastal wetland diminish greatly. (2) the single dynamic degree of wetland of the Hangzhou Bay displays that paddy fields and coastal wetlands are shrinking, but lakes, reservoirs and ponds are constantly expanding. (3) the wetland landscape pattern index shows that total patch area of the coastal wetland and paddy fields have gradually diminished. The Shannon diversity index, the Shannon evenness index as well as the landscape separation index of the coastal wetlands in the Hangzhou Bay increase steadily. The landscape pattern in the study area has shown a trend of high fragmentation, dominance decreases, but some dominant landscape still exist in this region. (4) Urbanization and natural factors lead to the reduction of wetland area. Besides the pressure of population is a major threat to the wetland. The study will provide scientific basis for long-term planning for this region.

scholarly journals Characterization of mechanical properties of barium titanate ceramics with different grain sizes

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Trzepiecinski ◽  
Magdalena Gromada
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Uniaxial Testing ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
Titanate Ceramics

AbstractIn this paper, three BaTiO3 powders of various particle size distributions were obtained as a result of mechanical activation in the mixer mill. Green barium titanate pellets and cylindrical specimens were fabricated by both uniaxial and isostatic pressing methods. As a result of the application of different maximal sintering temperatures, the obtained materials were characterized by various average grain sizes: 0.8 μm, 20 μm and 31.0 μm. The basic properties of sintered pellets and cylinders were determined and the influence of materials average grain size on their Young’s modulus and compressive strength were determined through compression tests in a uniaxial testing machine, Zwick/Roell Z100. The elastic properties were similar for tested materials with a different grain size. However, the microstructure of BaTiO3 strongly influenced the compressive strength.

scholarly journals Improving bedload transport determination by grain-size fraction using the Swiss plate geophone recordings at the Erlenbach stream

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Dieter Rickenmann ◽  
Nicolas Steeb ◽  
Alexandre Badoux
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Bedload Transport ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Amplitude Histogram ◽  
Measured Characteristic ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Different Grain Size

Direct bedload samples were taken with a large metal basket at the steep Erlenbach stream in Switzerland. These measurements were compared with the signal of the Swiss impact plate geophone system to derive information about bedload transport. The so-called amplitude histogram (AH) method was developed in an earlier study to estimate the bedload flux for different grain-size classes at the Erlenbach. A new analysis of a larger set of measurements was made here to improve the performance of the AH method. The approach relies on an identification of the transported grain sizes through their dependency on the signal amplitude. As a new element we introduce here the impulse rate, which is found to affect the number of impulses recorded for each amplitude class. As compared to the original method, the new version of the AH method shows a slightly improved performance for total calculated bedload mass, and results in a clearly better agreement between calculated and measured characteristic grain sizes.

Influence of Grain Size to Resistivity Relaxation of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 1123 ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
Christian Fredy Naa ◽  
Didier Fasquelle ◽  
Manuel Mascot ◽  
Suprijadi ◽  
Sparisoma Viridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Resistivity Ratio ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Relaxation Measurements ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The resistivity relaxation in magnetic material is one of the important characteristics for reliable device operations. It also provides insight to the physics of magnetic material. Furthermore, this characteristic is related to the micro structural of the material. In this paper, the resistivity relax- ation of different grain sizes of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO) nanoparticles has been studied. The LSMO nanoparticles was synthesized by sol-gel method and to obtain different grain size, the samples were sintered at different temperatures ranging from 800◦C to 1100◦C. The resistivity relaxation measurements were recorded for 500-1500s under the influence of magnetic field in range 25-110mT in room temperature. Under the influence of magnetic field, the resistivity of all samples were slowly de- creases as a function of time following logarithmic behavior. Moreover, no saturation was observed in the measurement time span. The resistivity ratio ρ(t)/ρ(0) as a function of time t was fitted by using logarithmic model. It is shown that resistivity relaxation depends on the grain size and the strength of the magnetic field.

scholarly journals Research on the Evolution of Island Coastal Wetland Landscape Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 787 (1) ◽  
pp. 012053
Author(s):  
D G Wang ◽  
Y J Dou ◽  
A Q Shi ◽  
J Cheng ◽  
D A Lv
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Wetland Landscape

Study on the Behavior of the Cast-Iron Bonded Grinding Wheel to Machining Properties of Hard and Brittle Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 24-25 ◽  
pp. 229-232
Author(s):  
S.L. Ma ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Cong Rong Zhu ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
H.C. Ye
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
Grinding Efficiency ◽  
Machining Properties

Tungsten carbide which is a hard and brittle material was ground by cast-iron bonded diamond wheel with ELID (Electrolytic In-Process Dressing) technique, for the purpose of getting high efficiency, super-precision machining. Three kinds of cast-iron bonded diamond wheels with different grain size were adopted to get different grinding efficiency and surface quality of workpieces. The grinding properties of cast-iron bonded grinding wheels with different grain size and the ground surface quality of tungsten carbide are discussed in this paper. The experiment results indicate that, under the same feeding amount, the grinding efficiency of the wheel with bigger grain size is higher, and it could make the dimension accuracy of the workpiece controllable, but the wheel with smaller grain size could get better ground surface quality. The two grinding phases are decided by the ratio between the size of abrasive grain and the thickness of the oxide layer on the grinding wheel.

scholarly journals Investigation of Movement of Nourishment Sand of Different Grain Sizes Using Model for Predicting Bathymetric and Grain Size Changes

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Yasuhito NOSHI ◽  
Akio KOBAYASHI ◽  
Takaaki UDA ◽  
Masumi SERIZAWA ◽  
Takayuki KUMADA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Sizes

The Method of Eliminating Banded Structure and the Effects of Banded Structure on the Transverse Properties in 20G Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1171-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Hong Mei Hu ◽  
Cui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Metallic Inclusion ◽  
Banded Structure ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Metallic Inclusions

The transverse properties were inferior to the longitudinal properties for the existence of banded structure in 20G steel. In order to eliminate the banded structure and improve the transverse performance of 20G steel, different heat treatment processes were adopted. The results showed that conventional normalizing could reduce the banded structure and refine the grain sizes. When 20G was heated with 10°C/min heating rated and then held at 920°C for 2h, the banded structure in the steel was almost eliminated and the microstructure was homogeneous with fine grain size, the strength increased by 14%. The non-metallic inclusion and carbide in the microstructure leaded to stress concentration and separation with the base metal. To some extent, heat treatment can improve the distribution and form of non-metallic inclusions.

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